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ARTICLES RELATED TO Cell

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell

A cell is a single unit or compartment, enclosed by a border or wall. A cell is usually part of a larger structure. More specific meanings depend on the context in which the work is used. Cell - Physical and life sciences. cell (biology) electrochemical cell A cell in the honeycomb of a beehive Cell academic journal Cell Evolution Life laboratory C.E.L.L a alife simulator Cell - Prison and Police Use. A cell is the t ...

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Read more here: » Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell

Cell: Encyclopedia - Basket cell Basket cells are inhibitory GABAergic interneurons found in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. They synapse on the cell bodies of Purkinje cells, and are multipolar and stellate, with freely branching dendrites. Other related archivesGABAergic, Purkinje cells, cell bodies, cerebellum, dendrites, inhibitory, interneurons

Cell: Encyclopedia II - Cell biology - Anatomy of cells

Cell biology - Prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes are distinguished from eukaryotes on the basis of nuclear organization, specifically their lack of a nuclear membrane. Prokaryotes also lack most of the intracellular organelles and structures that are characteristic of eukaryotic cells (an important exception is the ribosomes, which are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells). Most of the functions of organelles, such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, and the Golgi apparatus, are taken over by the prokaryotic ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Bipolar cell

As a part of the retina, the bipolar cell exists between photoreceptors (rod cells and cone cells) and ganglion cells. Bipolar cells are so-named as they have a central body from which two sets of processes arise. At one end, they form synapses with either a single cone cell, or a number of rod cells. The bipolar cells also make synapses with the Horizontal Cells. At the other end, they form synapses with ganglion cells, which fire action potentials along the optic nerve (cranial nerve II). Bipolar cells effectively transfer ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell line

A cell line is a culture of cells that grow and replicate continuously. The term typically refers to populations of cells isolated from larger organisms. Cell lines include the National Cancer Institute's 60 cancer cell lines, HeLa human cancer cells from Henrietta Lacks, and zebrafish ZF4 and AB9 cells. Other related archivesAB9, HeLa, Henrietta Lacks, National Cancer Institute, cancer, cells, culture, human, zebrafish

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cytotoxic T cell

A cytotoxic (or TC) T cell is a T cell (a type of white blood cell) which has on its surface antigen receptors that can bind to fragments of antigens displayed by the Class I MHC molecules of virus (or other intracellular pathogen) infected somatic cells and tumor cells. Once activated by a MHC-antigen complex, TC cells release the cytoxins perforin and granulysin, which forms pores in the target cell's plasma membrane; this causes ions and water to flow into the target cell, making it expand ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Chief cell

In general, a chief cell (or a "zymogenic cell") is a cell which releases a precursor enzyme. There are two types of chief cells which are most commonly referenced: A "gastric chief cell" or "peptic cell" is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and rennin. It works in conjunction with the Parietal cell which releases gastric acid, converting the pepsinogen into pepsin. Often when the term "chief cell" is used without qualification, this is the type meant. The parathyroid chief cell is ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Wet cell

A wet cell is a galvanic electrochemical cell commonly used as a learning tool for electrochemistry. The most famous wet cell is the Daniell cell (sometimes referred to as a crowfoot or gravity cell). The Daniell cell was developed in 1836 by the British chemist (and meteorologist) John Daniell as a reliable source of steady electrical current. In the Daniell cell, copper and zinc electrodes are immersed in a solution of copper (II) sulfate and zinc sulfate respectively. At the anode, zinc is oxidized per the following half reaction: Zn(s) → Zn2+ ...

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Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell church

Cell church refers to a church structure based on the regular gathering of small groups. Rather than focus on a large Sunday service, cell churches focus on developing close relationships between members by meeting regulary in houses or smaller meeting places. A meeting may consist of a number of elements including bible study, discussion, sharing, prayer and worship. Cells are encouraged to invite guests and teach them about Jesus. When a cell grows beyond a manageable size, the cell multiplies into two cells, and the cycle continues. In churches where there are a sufficient number of small groups, the members may h ...

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Cell church - Cell structure

Cell: Encyclopedia - Chromaffin cell

Chromaffin cells are neuroendocrine cells found in the medulla of the adrenal gland and in other ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They are derived from the embryonic neural crest. These cells are so-named because they can be visualized by staining with chromium salts. Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and secrete adrenaline, noradrenaline, and enkephalin into the bloodstream. As such, they p ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Alpha cell

Alpha cells are endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They are responsible for synthesizing and secreting the peptide hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood. See also. glucagonoma Islets of Langerhans - alpha cell - beta cell - delta cell - PP cell ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Brain cell

Brain cells incude mostly neurons and glial cells. Neurons perform the processing and storage of information involved in brain function. Neurons are cells that are adapted to carrying the electrical signals called action potentials that are the basic building blocks of information transmission in the brain. They communicate to one another via synapses. Glia function to support and provide nutrition to neurons. Other cells in the brain include epithelial cells that make up the lining of blood vessels. Category:

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell mathematics

A cell is a three-dimensional object that is part of a higher-dimensional object, such as a polychoron. A cell is related to higher-dimensional objects in the way that a face, or two-dimensional polygon, is related to 3-dimensional objects. For example, a cell is to a 4-dimensional polytope, or polychoron, what a face is to a 3-dimensional polytope, or polyhedron. See also. cell complex ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell journal

Cell is a bi-monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which publishes novel research in any area of experimental biology that is significant outside its field. Cell is a well-regarded journal and has an it had a 2004 Impact Factor of 28.389, which makes it one of the most cited scientific journals. Cell is published by Cell Press a division of Elsevier. Content over 12 months old is available free of charge. ...

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell theory

Cell theory is a scientific theory that is one of the foundations of biology. The generally accepted parts of cell theory include: The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in living things. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. Cells arise from other cells through cellular division. Cells carry genetic material passed to daughter cells during cellular division. All cells are essentially the same in chemical composition. Energy flow (metabo ...

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Cell theory - Cell theory history

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell division

Cell division is the process by which a cell (called the parent cell) divides into two cells (called daughter cells). Cell division is usually a small segment of a larger cell cycle. In meiosis (discussed later), however, a cell is permanently transformed and cannot divide again. Cell division is the biological basis of life. For simple unicellular organisms such as the Amoeba, one cell division reproduces an entire organism. On a larger scale, cell division can create progeny from multicellular organisms, such as plants that g ...

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Cell division - Variants of cell division

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell cycle

The cell cycle, or cell division cycle, is the cycle of events in a eukaryotic cell from one cell division to the next. It consists of interphase, mitosis, and usually cell division. The cell cycle is regulated by cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Leland H. Hartwell, R. Timothy Hunt, and Paul M. Nurse won the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of these centr ...

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Cell cycle - Phases

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell wall

A cell wall is a more or less solid layer surrounding a cell. They are found in bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants, and algae. Animals and most other protists have cell membranes without surrounding cell walls. When a cell wall is removed using cell wall degrading enzymes, what is left of the cell and its surrounding plasma membrane is called a protoplast. The cell walls main purpose is to actually protect the interior from any physical movement that may damage the cell.. Cell wall - Plant cell walls. Plant c ...

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Cell wall - Plant cell walls

Cell wall - Composition of plant cell walls

Cell wall - Algal cell walls

Cell wall - Diatom cell walls

Cell: Encyclopedia - Cell adhesion

The study of cell adhesion is part of cell biology. Cells are often not found in isolation, rather they tend to stick to other cells or non-cellular components of their environment. A fundamental question is: what makes cells sticky? Cell adhesion generally involves protein molecules at the surface of cells, so the study of cell adhesion involves cell adhesion proteins and the molecules that they bind to. Cell adhesion - Cell adhesion proteins or Cell adhesion molecules CAMs. see main articl ...

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Cell: Encyclopedia - Antigen-presenting cell

An antigen-presenting cell (APC) is a cell that displays foreign antigen complexed with MHC on its surface. T-cells may recognize this complex using their T-cell receptor (TCR). Although almost every cell in the body is technically an APC, since it can present antigen to CD8+ T cells via MHC class I molecules, the term is often limited to those specialized cells that can prime T cells (i.e. activate a naive T cell). These cells generally express MHC class II as well as MHC class I molecules and can stimulate CD4 ...