Cato the Elder

Marcus Porcius Cato (Latin: M·PORCIVS·M·F·CATO) (234 BC - 149 BC), Roman statesman, surnamed "The Censor," Sapiens, Priscus, or Major (the Elder), to distinguish him from Cato the Younger (his great-grandson), was born at Tusculum. He came of an ancient plebeian family, noted for some military services, but not ennobled by the discharge of the higher civil offices. He was bred, after the manner of his Latin forefathers, to agriculture, to which he devoted himself when not engaged in military service. B ...

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Cato may be: Cato - People. Romans, in the family Porcii: Cato the Elder (2nd century BCE), "...the censor", politician Cato the Younger (1st century BCE), "...of Utica", politician opposing Julius Caesar Suzy Cato (born 1968), New Zealand entertainer Kelvin Cato (born 1974), American basketball player Pseudonymous authors: Cato (fl. late 1780s), American author of anti-Federalist articles, probably George Clinton (politician ...

Including:

• Cato - People
• Cato - Intellectual products
• Cato - Places
• Cato - Organizations

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Stoicism is a school of philosophy founded (308 BC) in Athens by Zeno of Citium (Cyprus). It teaches self-control and detachment from distracting emotions, sometimes interpreted as an indifference to pleasure or pain. This allows one to be a clear thinker, levelheaded and unbiased. In practice, Stoicism is intended to imbue an individual with virtue, wisdom, and integrity of character. Students are encouraged to help those in need, knowing that those who can, should. Stoicism also teaches psychological independence from society, regarding ...

Including:

• Stoicism - History
• Stoicism - Stoic ethics and virtues
• Stoicism - Spiritual exercise
• Stoicism - Stoic physics
• Stoicism - Brotherhood
• Stoicism - Quotations
• Stoicism - Spiritual descendants
• Stoicism - Books

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC Years: 200 BC 199 BC 198 BC 197 BC 196 BC - 195 BC - 194 BC 193 BC 192 BC 191 BC 190 BC Events Cato the Elder is elected consul at Rome and campaigns in Spain; he avoids one defeat by paying the Celtiberians 200 talents (around $ 120,000), a much-criticized tactic. The Roman sumptuary law, the Lex Oppia, is ...

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Prayer is an effort to communicate with God, or to some deity or deities, or another form of spiritual entity, or otherwise, either to offer praise, to make a request, or simply to express one's thoughts and emotions. Prayer - Approaches. There are a variety of approaches to understanding prayer: The belief that the prayer is listened to and may or may not get a response; The belief that prayer is intended to inculcate certain attitudes in the one who prays, rather than to influence th ...

Including:

• Prayer - Approaches
• Prayer - The act of prayer
• Prayer - Prayer in the Abrahamic religions
• Prayer - Prayer in the Bible
• Prayer - Jewish prayer
• Prayer - Christian prayer
• Prayer - Islamic prayer
• Prayer - Bahá'í prayer
• Prayer - Prayer in other religions
• Prayer - Hindu Prayer
• Prayer - Buddhism
• Prayer - Prayer in Jainism
• Prayer - Neopagan Prayers
• Prayer - Philosophical paradoxes of prayer
• Prayer - The educational approach
• Prayer - The Kabbalistic view of prayer
• Prayer - The rationalist approach
• Prayer - The experiential approach
• Prayer - Experimental evaluation of prayer
• Prayer - Historical polytheistic prayer
• Prayer - Prevalence
• Prayer - References and footnotes

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Cato was born in 95 BC in Rome, the son of Marcus Porcius Cato by his wife Livia Drusa. He lost both of his parents very early and moved to live in the house of his maternal uncle Marcus Livius Drusus, who also looked after Quintus Servilius Caepio and Servilia Caepionis from Livia's first marriage, as well as Porcia Catones (Cato's sister), and Drusus Nero (Livius' adopted son). Drusus was assassinated when Cato was four years old. Cato the Younger - Political beginnings. After receiving his inheritance, ...

Including:

• Cato the Younger - Early life
• Cato the Younger - Political beginnings
• Cato the Younger - Cato and the Optimates
• Cato the Younger - Cato against the triumvirate
• Cato the Younger - Cato in Cyprus
• Cato the Younger - Cato in the Civil War
• Cato the Younger - After Cato
• Cato the Younger - Cato's descendants and marriages
• Cato the Younger - Chronology
• Cato the Younger - Fictional portrayals

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Ancient Roman culture evolved throughout the almost 1300-year history of that civilization. The term refers to the culture of the Roman Republic, later the Roman Empire, which, at peak, covered an area from Cumbria and Morocco to the Euphrates. Life in ancient Rome revolved around the city of Rome, located on seven hills, and its monumental structures like the Colosseum, the Forum of Trajan and the Pantheon. The city also had several theaters and gymnasiums, and many taverns, baths and brothels. Throughout the territory under t ...

Including:

• Culture of ancient Rome - Historical and cultural context
• Culture of ancient Rome - Social structure
• Culture of ancient Rome - Customs and daily life
• Culture of ancient Rome - Clothing
• Culture of ancient Rome - Dining
• Culture of ancient Rome - Education
• Culture of ancient Rome - Language
• Culture of ancient Rome - The arts
• Culture of ancient Rome - Literature
• Culture of ancient Rome - Visual art
• Culture of ancient Rome - Music
• Culture of ancient Rome - Architecture
• Culture of ancient Rome - Sports and entertainment
• Culture of ancient Rome - Religion

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Marcus Verrius Flaccus (c. 10 BC), was a Roman grammarian and teacher, flourished under Augustus and Tiberius. He was a freedman, and his manumitter has been identified with Verrius Flaccus, an authority on pontifical law; but for chronological reasons the name of Veranius Flaccus, a writer on augury, has been suggested (Teuffel-Schwabe, Hist. of Roman Lit. 199, 4). He gained such a reputation by his methods of instruction that he was summoned to court to bring up Gaius and Lucius, the grandsons of Augustus. He removed t ...

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• Verrius Flaccus - Reference

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Anti-intellectualism is a term that in one sense describes a hostility towards, or mistrust of, intellectuals and intellectual pursuits. This may be expressed in various ways, such as an attack on the merits of science, education, or literature. Anti-intellectuals often seek to frame themselves as champions of the self-styled 'ordinary people', and as advocates of egalitarianism against elitism, especially what they perceive as academic elitism. These critics argue from a perception that educated people form a social class by v ...

Including:

• Anti-intellectualism - Causes
• Anti-intellectualism - Religion
• Anti-intellectualism - Corporate culture
• Anti-intellectualism - Educational system
• Anti-intellectualism - Populism
• Anti-intellectualism - Anti-intellectualism in the United States
• Anti-intellectualism - 19th Century culture
• Anti-intellectualism - Right-wing currents
• Anti-intellectualism - Left-wing currents
• Anti-intellectualism - Economic factors
• Anti-intellectualism - In American political discourse
• Anti-intellectualism - Anti-intellectualism in the former Soviet Union
• Anti-intellectualism - Anti-intellectualism in Asia - Maoist China and Cambodia
• Anti-intellectualism - Anti-intellectualism in the classical world
• Anti-intellectualism - A loaded term?

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC - 140s BC - 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC Years: 154 BC 153 BC 152 BC 151 BC 150 BC - 149 BC - 148 BC 147 BC 146 BC 145 BC 144 BC 149 BC - Events. Third Punic War declared; Rome lands an army in Africa to begin the Battle of Carthage. With Roman help, Nicomedes II overthrows his father Prusias II as king of Bithynia. Andriscus, the ...

Including:

• 149 BC - Events
• 149 BC - Births
• 149 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 209 BC 208 BC 207 BC 206 BC 205 BC - 204 BC - 203 BC 202 BC 201 BC 200 BC 199 BC Events Second Punic War: Cato the Elder goes to Sicily to serve as the quaestor of Scipio Africanus Major, and publicly objects to Scipio's lavish spending. Scipio Africanus Major lands in Africa to fight the Carthagin ...

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Capua (modern Santa Maria Capua Vetere) was the chief ancient city of Campania, and one of the most important towns of ancient Italy, situated 25 km (16 mi) north of Neapolis, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. Capua - History. The name of Capua comes from the Etruscan, Capue. The meaning remains unknown. Its foundation is attributed by Cato the Elder to the Etruscans, and the date given as about 260 years before it was "taken" by Rome. If this be referred, not to its capture ...

Including:

• Capua - History
• Capua - Remains
• Capua - Amphitheatre
• Capua - Miscellaneous

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The Latin word basilica (derived from Greek basiliké stoà, royal stoa), was originally used to describe a Roman public building (as in Greece, mainly a tribunal), usually located at the centre of a Roman town (forum). In Hellenistic cities, public basilicas appeared in the 2nd century BC. After the Roman Empire became officially Christian, the term came by extension to refer to a large, and important church that has been given special ceremonial rights by the Pope, and thus the word retains two senses today, in ...

Including:

• Basilica - The basilica in architecture
• Basilica - Basilicas in the Roman Forum
• Basilica - Palace basilicas
• Basilica - Christianising the basilica
• Basilica - Architecture: external reference
• Basilica - Reference
• Basilica - The ecclesiastic basilica
• Basilica - Major Basilicas
• Basilica - Minor Basilicas
• Basilica - Oratory

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Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (Gades in Hispania Baetica, 4 AD - ca. 70 AD) was a Roman writer on agriculture. After a career in the army (he was tribune in Syria in 35 AD), he took up farming. His 'de Re Rustica' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms our most important source on Roman agriculture, together with the works of Cato the Elder and Varro, both of which he occasionally cites. A smaller book on ...

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC - 180s BC - 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC Years: 189 BC 188 BC 187 BC 186 BC 185 BC - 184 BC - 183 BC 182 BC 181 BC 180 BC 179 BC Events Cato the Elder is elected censor along with Lucius Valerius Flaccus, and initiates a number of unpopular reforms and crackdowns. He expels seven members of the Senate; one of them, a Manilius, for having "embraced his wife" durin ...

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Classical Latin is the form of the Latin language used by the ancient Romans in what is usually regarded as "classical" Latin literature. Its use spanned the Golden Age of Latin literature—broadly the 1st century BC and the early 1st century AD—possibly extending to the Silver Age—broadly the 1st and 2nd centuries. What is now called "Classical Latin" was, in fact, a highly stylized and polished written literary language selectively constructed from early Latin, of which far fewer remains. Classical Latin is the product o ...

Including:

• Classical Latin - Golden Age Latin
• Classical Latin - Poetry
• Classical Latin - Prose
• Classical Latin - Silver Age Latin
• Classical Latin - Stylistic shifts

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Gaius Julius Solinus cites Cato the Elder's lost Origines for the story that the city was founded by Catillus the Arcadian, a son of Amphiaraus, who came there having escaped the slaughter at Thebes. Catillus and his three sons Tiburtus, Coras, and Catillus drove out the Siculi from the Aniene plateau and founded a city they named Tibur in honor of Tiburtus. According to a more historical account, Tibur was instead a colony of Alba Longa. Historical traces of settlement in the ...

See also:

Tivoli Italy, Tivoli Italy - History, Tivoli Italy - Roman Tibur, Tivoli Italy - Medieval Tivoli, Tivoli Italy - Renaissance Tivoli, Tivoli Italy - Modern Tivoli, Tivoli Italy - Economy, Tivoli Italy - Main sights

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Life in the ancient Roman cities revolved round the Forum, the central business district, where most of the Romans would go for marketing and shopping, trading and banking, and for participating in festivities and ceremonies. The Forum was also a place where orators would express themselves to mould public opinion, and elicit support for any particular issue of interest to him or others. Before sunrise, children would go to schools or tutoring them at home would commence. Elders would dress, take a breakfast by 11 o'clock, have a siesta and ...

See also:

Culture of ancient Rome, Culture of ancient Rome - Historical and cultural context, Culture of ancient Rome - Social structure, Culture of ancient Rome - Customs and daily life, Culture of ancient Rome - Clothing, Culture of ancient Rome - Dining, Culture of ancient Rome - Education, Culture of ancient Rome - Language, Culture of ancient Rome - The arts, Culture of ancient Rome - Literature, Culture of ancient Rome - Visual art, Culture of ancient Rome - Music, Culture of ancient Rome - Architecture, Culture of ancient Rome - Sports and entertainment, Culture of ancient Rome - Religion

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On his return to Rome in 65 BC, Cato was elected to the position of quaestor. Like everything else in his life, he took great care to study the background necessary for the post, especially the laws relating to taxes. One of his first moves was to prosecute former quaestors for illegal appropriation of funds and dishonesty. Cato also prosecuted Sulla's informers, who had acted as head-hunters during Sulla's tyranny, despite their political connections among Cato's own party and despite the power of Pompey, who had been known as the "teenage ...

See also:

Cato the Younger, Cato the Younger - Early life, Cato the Younger - Political beginnings, Cato the Younger - Cato and the Optimates, Cato the Younger - Cato against the triumvirate, Cato the Younger - Cato in Cyprus, Cato the Younger - Cato in the Civil War, Cato the Younger - After Cato, Cato the Younger - Cato's descendants and marriages, Cato the Younger - Chronology, Cato the Younger - Fictional portrayals

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The "Golden Age" of Latin, Latinitas aurea in Latin, is a period consisting roughly of the time from 75 BC to AD 14, spanning the end of the Roman Republic and the reign of Augustus. Many Classicists believe that this period represents the peak of Latin literature, and that its usage of Classical Latin represents the ideal norm which other writers should follow. Classical Latin - Poetry. The earliest poet considered to be writing in the Golden Age is the Epicurean philosopher Lucretius, who wrote a ...

See also:

Classical Latin, Classical Latin - Golden Age Latin, Classical Latin - Poetry, Classical Latin - Prose, Classical Latin - Silver Age Latin, Classical Latin - Stylistic shifts

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