Castration, gelding, neutering, orchiectomy, or orchidectomy is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a biological male loses use of the testes. This causes sterilization, i.e. prevents him from reproducing; it also greatly reduces the production of certain hormones, such as testosterone. It should not be confused with penectomy, which is the whole or partial removal of the penis, nor with vasectomy, which is a procedure to sterilize a male by blocking the vasa deferentia, the t ...

Including:

• Castration - Castration in humans
• Castration - History
• Castration - Reasons
• Castration - Medical consequences
• Castration - Castration In Veterinary Practice
• Castration - In animal fancy
• Castration - In animal husbandry
• Castration - Miscellaneous

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See also:

Castration, Castration - Castration in humans, Castration - History, Castration - Reasons, Castration - Medical consequences, Castration - Castration In Veterinary Practice, Castration - In animal fancy, Castration - In animal husbandry, Castration - Miscellaneous

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Castration - History. The practice of castration has roots before recorded human history. Castration was frequently used in certain cultures, such as in Europe, the Middle East, India, Africa or China, for religious or social reasons. After battles, winners castrated their captives or bodies of the defeated to symbolise their victory and 'seize' their power. Castrated men - eunuchs - were often admitted to special social classes. Eunuchs were also often used to guard harems. Castration also figured in a number of ...

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Castration, Castration - Castration in humans, Castration - History, Castration - Reasons, Castration - Medical consequences, Castration - Castration In Veterinary Practice, Castration - In animal fancy, Castration - In animal husbandry, Castration - Miscellaneous

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A eunuch is an infertile human male whose testicles have either been removed (deliberately or by accident) or are otherwise non-functional. The earliest records for intentional castration to produce eunuchs are from the Sumerian city of Lagash in the 21st century B.C. Over the millennia since, they have performed a wide variety of functions in many different cultures such as courtiers or equivalent domestics, treble singers, religious specialists, government officials, military commanders, and guardians of women or harem servants. ...

Including:

• Eunuch - History
• Eunuch - Religious castration
• Eunuch - Castrato singers
• Eunuch - Eunuchs in modern times
• Eunuch - Figurative use
• Eunuch - Involuntary disorder
• Eunuch - Myths
• Eunuch - Historically significant eunuchs
• Eunuch - Some other famous eunuchs
• Eunuch - Related articles

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A number of religious cults have included castration as a central theme of their practice. These include: The cult of Cybele, in which devotes castrated themselves in ecstatic emulation of Attis: see Gallus. Hijra (India) Some followers of early Christianity such as Origen considered castration as an acceptable way to counter sinful desires of the flesh. Bishop Melito of Sardis (d. ca 180) was a eunuch, according to the church history of Eusebius of Caesarea, though, significantly the word "virgin" was substituted in Rufino's Latin translation of Eusebius. ...

Including:

• Castration cult - External link

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Male ranges Sopranist Alto Tenor Baritenor Baritone Bass-baritone Bass A castrato is a male soprano, mezzo-soprano, or alto voice produced either by castration of the singer before puberty or who, because of an endocrinological condition, never reaches sexual maturity. Therefore, their voices never deepen. This practice began in the 16th century. Due to Catholicism's traditional ban on females singing in church, castrati were employed as chu ...

Including:

• Castrato - Popular references
• Castrato - Famous castrati
• Castrato - External references

Read more here: » Castrato: Encyclopedia - Castrato

Originally a Phrygian goddess, Cybele (Greek Κυβέλη, sometimes given the etymology "she of the hair" if her name is Greek, not Phrygian, but more widely considered of Luwian origin, from Kubaba; Roman equivalent: Magna Mater or "Great Mother") was a manifestation of the Earth Mother goddess who was worshipped in Anatolia from Neolithic times. Like Gaia or her Minoan equivalent Rhea, Cybele embodies the fertile earth, a goddess of caverns and mountains, walls and fortresses, nature, wild animals (especially lions and bees) ...

Including:

• Cybele - Cult history
• Cybele - Overview: Anatolia Greece and Rome
• Cybele - Anatolian Cybele
• Cybele - Cybele and Attis
• Cybele - Aegean Cybele
• Cybele - Roman Cybele
• Cybele - Notes

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Physical abuse Torture / Severe Corporal punishment Psychological abuse Humiliation / Intimidation / Bullying Hate speech / Manipulation / Stalking / Coercive persuasion Sexual abuse Sexual assault / Rape Sexual harassment Child abuse / Domestic violence Prisoner abuse / Elder abuse Animal abuse Police brutality Human experimentation Punishment is the practice of imposing something unpleasant on a wrongdoer as a response to som ...

Including:

• Punishment - Scope of application
• Punishment - History and rationale
• Punishment - Types of punishments
• Punishment - Judicial and similar i.e. for crimes
• Punishment - For children
• Punishment - Other
• Punishment - Possible reasons for punishment

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Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. They are raised as livestock for meat (called beef and veal), dairy products (milk), leather and as draught animals (pulling carts, plows and the like). In some countries, such as India, they are subject to religious ceremonies and respect. It is estimated that there are 1.3 billion head of cattl ...

Including:

• Cattle - Terminology
• Cattle - Biology
• Cattle - Uses of cattle
• Cattle - Ox
• Cattle - Miscellaneous
• Cattle - Cattle in Popular Culture
• Cattle - Breeds of cattle
• Cattle - Other meanings of cow bull etc.

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Sanchuniathon or Sanchoniathon or Sanchoniatho is the purported Phoenician author of three lost works originally in Phoenician, surviving only in partial paraphrase and summary of a Greek translation by Philo of Byblos, according to the Christian bishop Eusebius of Caesarea. These few fragments comprise the most extended literary source concerning Phoenician religion in either Greek or Latin. Sanchuniathon - The author. The compilers of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica warned that Sanc ...

Including:

• Sanchuniathon - The author
• Sanchuniathon - The Work
• Sanchuniathon - Philosphical Creation Story
• Sanchuniathon - Allegorical culture heroes
• Sanchuniathon - The history of the gods
• Sanchuniathon - About Serpents

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In Greek mythology, the Titans (Greek Τιταν, plural Τιτανες) are among a series of gods, some of whom opposed Zeus and the Olympian gods in their ascent to power. Others who opposed the gods include the Gigantes, Typhon, and Ophioneus. Greeks of the Classical age knew of several poems about the war between the gods and many of the Titans. The dominant one, and the only one that has survived, was the Theogony attributed to Hesiod. A lost epic Titanomachy attributed to the blind Thracian bard Tham ...

Including:

• Titan mythology - The Titans in Hesiod
• Titan mythology - The Titans in other Greek sources
• Titan mythology - The Titans in the twentieth century
• Titan mythology - Titans in Neopaganism
• Titan mythology - Titans in Modern Literature

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The Galli, followers of the goddess Cybele practiced ritual self-castration, sanguinaria. Even in Christian times the practice continued; however, the Church did not follow the example of the early theologian Origen, who castrated himself based on his reading of the Gospel of Matthew 19:12. The 18th-century Russian Skoptzy (скопцы) sect was an example of a castration cult, where its members regarded castration as a way of renouncing the sins of the flesh. Several members of the 20th century Heaven's Gate cult were ...

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Eunuch, Eunuch - History, Eunuch - Religious castration, Eunuch - Castrato singers, Eunuch - Eunuchs in modern times, Eunuch - Figurative use, Eunuch - Involuntary disorder, Eunuch - Myths, Eunuch - Historically significant eunuchs, Eunuch - Some other famous eunuchs, Eunuch - Related articles

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According to Tom Burnham's Dictionary of Misinformation, a common misconception about eunuchs is that, since they were castrated, they were either unable or unwanting to defile or perform sexual intercourse with the women in the harem they were employed to watch over. This was not always true, however. If a eunuch was castrated after puberty, which was common, he would still be able to achieve an erection and engage in coitus, though no pregnancy could result. According to Burnham, some women preferred eunuchs as lovers since they never ejaculated and could, therefore, maintain ...

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Eunuch, Eunuch - History, Eunuch - Religious castration, Eunuch - Castrato singers, Eunuch - Eunuchs in modern times, Eunuch - Figurative use, Eunuch - Involuntary disorder, Eunuch - Myths, Eunuch - Historically significant eunuchs, Eunuch - Some other famous eunuchs, Eunuch - Related articles

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The body dysmorphic disorder or dysmorphophobia characterized by desire to be a eunuch is called skoptic syndrome, named after the Skoptzy sect. However, in the latest issue of DSM, there are no references to the term, and it is virtually unknown in psychological literature. It is also important to notice that the term, along with GID, can and is also used to imply "minority mainstream view/practices" without negatively implying dysfunction or 'wrongness', nor is it applicable to all people with a desire for castration, due to the highly div ...

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Eunuch, Eunuch - History, Eunuch - Religious castration, Eunuch - Castrato singers, Eunuch - Eunuchs in modern times, Eunuch - Figurative use, Eunuch - Involuntary disorder, Eunuch - Myths, Eunuch - Historically significant eunuchs, Eunuch - Some other famous eunuchs, Eunuch - Related articles

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Eunuchs castrated before puberty were also valued and trained in several cultures for their exceptional voices, which retained a childlike and other-worldly flexibility and treble pitch; unfortunately the choice had to be made at an age the boy would not yet be able to consciously choose whether to sacrifice in his sexual potency, and there was no guarantee that the voice would remain of musical excellence after the oper ...

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Eunuch, Eunuch - History, Eunuch - Religious castration, Eunuch - Castrato singers, Eunuch - Eunuchs in modern times, Eunuch - Figurative use, Eunuch - Involuntary disorder, Eunuch - Myths, Eunuch - Historically significant eunuchs, Eunuch - Some other famous eunuchs, Eunuch - Related articles

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The English word eunuch is from the Greek eune ("bed") and ekhein ("to keep"), effectively "bed keeper." Servants or slaves were usually castrated in order to make them a safer servant of a royal court where physical access to the ruler could wield great influence – seemingly lowly domestic functions such as making the ruler's bed, bathing him, cutting his hair, carrying him in his litter or even relaying messages, literally giving him "the ruler's ear" could impart de facto power on the formally humble but trusted servant, a ...

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Eunuch, Eunuch - History, Eunuch - Religious castration, Eunuch - Castrato singers, Eunuch - Eunuchs in modern times, Eunuch - Figurative use, Eunuch - Involuntary disorder, Eunuch - Myths, Eunuch - Historically significant eunuchs, Eunuch - Some other famous eunuchs, Eunuch - Related articles

Read more here: » Eunuch: Encyclopedia II - Eunuch - History

The ancestors of modern pit bulls, English and French bulldogs, and other related breeds were powerful mastiffs bred for farm work. Specifically, these dogs accompanied farmers into the fields to assist with bringing bulls in for breeding, castration, or slaughter. The dogs, known generally as bulldogs, protected the farmer by subduing the bull if it attempted to gore him. Typically a dog would do this by biting the bull on the nose and holding on until the bull submitted. Because of the nature of their job, bulldogs were bred to have powerful jaws, muscular bodies, and the resolve to hold onto a violently ...

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Pit bull, Pit bull - Characteristics, Pit bull - History, Pit bull - Safety and legal issues, Pit bull - Statistics, Pit bull - Insurance Discrimination, Pit bull - Laws, Pit bull - Debate, Pit bull - Dog fights, Pit bull - Positive press, Pit bull - Miscellaneous, Pit bull - Famous Pit Bulls

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The idea of altering a person's sexual orientation is not a new idea and harkens back to the start of psychology itself. By classifying homosexuality as a disorder, psychoanalysis first defined homosexuality as an exclusive sexual orientation and, thus, discovered the possibility of altering that orientation 2. Researchers such as Irving Bieber, Lawrence Hatterer and Sigmund Freud attempted to cure homosexuality through a variety of techniques, including "aversion therapy, nausea-producing drugs, castration, electric shock, brain surgery, breast amputations, etc." [2]. For more ...

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Reparative therapy, Reparative therapy - Techniques, Reparative therapy - Doctrine, Reparative therapy - Criticisms, Reparative therapy - History, Reparative therapy - Controversy, Reparative therapy - Proponents, Reparative therapy - Opponents, Reparative therapy - Terminology, Reparative therapy - Sexual Orientation, Reparative therapy - Evidence, Reparative therapy - Potential risks, Reparative therapy - Social pressures, Reparative therapy - Financial gain, Reparative therapy - Transsexual and transgender people

Read more here: » Reparative therapy: Encyclopedia II - Reparative therapy - History

Hurrian speakers formed the majority population of the kingdom of Mitanni, though they appear to have been governed by a class of foreign nobility. Their literature had a deep influence on the Hittites, and the Indo-European Hittite language exhibits many Hurrian loanwords, including most of the religious vocabulary. Two episodes from Hesiod's Theogony may be derived from Hurrian myths: the castration of Uranus by Cronus may be derived from the castration of Anu by Kumarbi, while Zeus's overthrow of Cronus and Cronus's regurgitation o ...

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Hurrians, Hurrians - History, Hurrians - Material culture, Hurrians - Impact, Hurrians - Connections and origin theories, Hurrians - Notes, Hurrians - Books

Read more here: » Hurrians: Encyclopedia II - Hurrians - Impact

The BBC is frequently complimented in the public arena, both in the United Kingdom and globally. Alternative views are also expressed in print from time to time. Notable examples have been Stop castrating the language, published in The Observer, and The Disgrace of the BBC, published in The Weekly Standard. BBC News - Censorship. BBC News has been banned in several countries primarily for unbiased reporting which has been unfavourable to the ruling government. Most notable examples hav ...

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BBC News, BBC News - History, BBC News - News output, BBC News - Television news, BBC News - Radio news, BBC News - Online news, BBC News - Opinions of BBC News, BBC News - Censorship, BBC News - Hutton Inquiry, BBC News - Aftermath of Hutton report, BBC News - Editors

Read more here: » BBC News: Encyclopedia II - BBC News - Opinions of BBC News