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Carolingian | A Wisdom Archive on Carolingian | | Carolingian A selection of articles related to Carolingian | |
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carolingian, Carolingian, Franks (main history of Frankish empire), List of Frankish Kings, List of French monarchs, List of German monarchs, List of Holy Roman Emperors, Kings of France family tree, Carolingian minuscule, Carolingian Renaissance
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Carolingian | | | | |  Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Neoclassicism - Neoclassic in architecture and the visual artsIn the visual arts the European movement called "neoclassicism" began after ca 1765, as a reaction against both the surviving Baroque and Rococo styles, and as a desire to return to the perceived "purity" of the arts of Rome, the more vague perception ("ideal") of Ancient Greek arts (where almost no western artist had actually been) and, to a lesser extent, 16th century Renaissance Classicism.
Each "neo"- classicism selects some models among the range of possible classics that are available to it, and ignores others. The neocla ...
See also:Neoclassicism, Neoclassicism - Neoclassic in architecture and the visual arts, Neoclassicism - Covert neoclassicism in Modern styles, Neoclassicism - Literary neoclassicism, Neoclassicism - Neoclassicism Part II: Between the Wars, Neoclassicism - Literary Neoclassicism 20th-century style Read more here: » Neoclassicism: Encyclopedia II - Neoclassicism - Neoclassic in architecture and the visual arts |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Catalonia historic territory - History of Catalonia Main article: History of Catalonia
Catalonia historic territory - Development of Catalonia as part of the Crown of Aragon into a Mediterranean Power.
The territory that is now Catalonia was colonized by Ancient Greeks and Carthaginians. Like the rest of the Iberian Peninsula, it participated in the pre-Roman Iberian culture and was part of the Roman Empire, followed by Visigothic rule. In the eighth century it was part of Moorish (Muslim-ruled) al-Andalus, but the northern part of i ...
See also:Catalonia historic territory, Catalonia historic territory - History of Catalonia, Catalonia historic territory - Development of Catalonia as part of the Crown of Aragon into a Mediterranean Power, Catalonia historic territory - Catalan constitutions 1283, Catalonia historic territory - Catalonia after the Middle Ages, Catalonia historic territory - The Principality, Catalonia historic territory - Language, Catalonia historic territory - Culture Read more here: » Catalonia historic territory: Encyclopedia II - Catalonia historic territory - History of Catalonia |
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| | | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - English alphabet - Notes
English alphabet - Phonology.
The letters A, E, I, O, U are vowels; sometimes Y and rarely W function as vowels too, but more often they're semivowels. The remaining letters are consonants. The letter most frequently used in English is E. The least frequently used letters are Q, X, and Z.
English alphabet - Letter names.
The names of the letters are rarely spelled out, except in compound words like tee-shirt, deejay, emcee, okay, aitch-less, < ...
See also:English alphabet, English alphabet - Notes, English alphabet - Phonology, English alphabet - Letter names, English alphabet - Diacritics, English alphabet - Ligatures Read more here: » English alphabet: Encyclopedia II - English alphabet - Notes |
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| | | | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Merovingian - Character The Merovingian king was the master of the booty of war, both movable and in lands and their folk, and he was in charge of the redistribution of conquered wealth among the first of his followers. "When he died his property was divided equally among his heirs as though it were private property: the kingdom was a form of patrimony" (Rouche 1987 p 420). The kings appointed magnates to be comites, charging them with defence, administration, and the judgement of disputes. This happened against the backdrop of a newly isolated Europe withou ...
See also:Merovingian, Merovingian - Origins, Merovingian - Character, Merovingian - History, Merovingian - Historiography and sources, Merovingian - Numismatics, Merovingian - External link Read more here: » Merovingian: Encyclopedia II - Merovingian - Character |
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| | | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - History of Toulouse - 768-877: Carolingian Franks and the kingdom of Aquitaine Toulouse and Aquitaine (as well as Gascony) were once again part of the kingdom of the Franks. Following his victory, Pippin the Short died in 768 and was followed by his sons Charlemagne and Carloman. As a result of this event, Hunald, son of the late Duke Waifer, raised an insurrection against Frankish power in Aquitaine. Charlemagne soon intervened and defeated him. In 771 Carloman died and Charlemagne was left as the only ruler of the Frankish realm. In 778 Charlemagne led his army into Spain against the Arabs. On his way back there happ ...
See also:History of Toulouse, History of Toulouse - Before 118 BC: pre-Roman times, History of Toulouse - 118 BC - AD 418: Roman period, History of Toulouse - 418-508: Visigoth kingdom of Toulouse, History of Toulouse - 508-768: Merovingian Franks and the duchy of Aquitaine, History of Toulouse - 768-877: Carolingian Franks and the kingdom of Aquitaine, History of Toulouse - 877-10th: county of Toulouse's first steps, History of Toulouse - Late Middle Ages: 11th, History of Toulouse - Late Middle Ages: 12th, History of Toulouse - Late Middle Ages: 13th, History of Toulouse - Late Middle Ages: 13th to 14th, History of Toulouse - Late Middle Ages: 15th to 16th, History of Toulouse - Renaissance: 17th, History of Toulouse - Renaissance: 18th, History of Toulouse - Revolution: 19th, History of Toulouse - Modern Day Read more here: » History of Toulouse: Encyclopedia II - History of Toulouse - 768-877: Carolingian Franks and the kingdom of Aquitaine |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - History of Bavaria - Partitions The efforts of the dukes to increase their power and to give unity to the duchy had met with a fair measure of success; but they were soon vitiated by partitions among different members of the family, which for 250 years made the history of Bavaria little more than a jejune chronicle of territorial divisions bringing war and weakness in their train.
The first of these divisions occurred in 1255. Louis II and Henry I, the sons of Duke Otto II, who for two years after their father's death had ruled Bavaria jointly, split their inheritance: Louis II obtained the western part of the duchy, afterwards called Upper Bav ...
See also:History of Bavaria, History of Bavaria - Early settlements and Roman Raetia, History of Bavaria - Migrations and early Medieval Period, History of Bavaria - Bavaria and the Agilolfings under Frankish Overlordship, History of Bavaria - Christianity, History of Bavaria - The Duchy during the Carolingian Period, History of Bavaria - The Duchy during the Ottonian and Salian Periods, History of Bavaria - The Welfs, History of Bavaria - Geographic Fluctuations, History of Bavaria - The Wittelsbach Dynasty, History of Bavaria - Partitions, History of Bavaria - The Reunited Duchy, History of Bavaria - The Electorate, History of Bavaria - Revolutionary and Napoleonic, History of Bavaria - The Kingdom, History of Bavaria - German Empire, History of Bavaria - Modern Times, History of Bavaria - Bibliography, History of Bavaria - Notes Read more here: » History of Bavaria: Encyclopedia II - History of Bavaria - Partitions |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - History of Catalonia - Catalonia Aragon and Castile
History of Catalonia - Union with Aragon.
Until the middle of the 12th century, the successive counts of Barcelona tried to expand their domain in multiple directions. They incorporated the county of Besalú, part of the county of Empúries, all of the county of Cerdagne, and, briefly, even the county of Provence. The Catalan church, for its part, became independent of the bi ...
See also:History of Catalonia, History of Catalonia - Prehistory in Catalonia, History of Catalonia - The rise of Iberian culture, History of Catalonia - Roman times, History of Catalonia - From late antiquity to feudalism, History of Catalonia - Visigothic and Muslim rule, History of Catalonia - Carolingian conquest, History of Catalonia - The rise and fall of the aloers, History of Catalonia - First references to the name Catalonia, History of Catalonia - Catalonia Aragon and Castile, History of Catalonia - Union with Aragon, History of Catalonia - The Aragonese-Catalan Empire, History of Catalonia - Crown of Aragon union with Crown of Castile, History of Catalonia - The Reapers' War, History of Catalonia - War of the Spanish Succession, History of Catalonia - Economic recovery, History of Catalonia - The Napoleonic Wars, History of Catalonia - The Carlist wars, History of Catalonia - Industrialization, History of Catalonia - Catalan nationalism and the workers movement, History of Catalonia - Republic and civil war, History of Catalonia - Franco's dictatorship, History of Catalonia - Democracy restored Read more here: » History of Catalonia: Encyclopedia II - History of Catalonia - Catalonia Aragon and Castile |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - History of Switzerland - Early history Main article: Early history of Switzerland.
Archeological evidence suggests that hunter-gatherers settled in the lowlands north of the Alps already in the late Paleolithic. In the Neolithic period, the area was relatively densely populated. Remains of bronze age pile dwellings have been found in the shallow areas of many lakes. Around 1500 BC, Celtic tribes settled in the area. The Raetians lived in the easte ...
See also:History of Switzerland, History of Switzerland - Early history, History of Switzerland - Old Confederacy 1291–1523, History of Switzerland - Reformation 1523–1648, History of Switzerland - Ancien Régime 1648–1798, History of Switzerland - Napoleonic Era 1798–1848, History of Switzerland - Switzerland as a federal state 1848–1914, History of Switzerland - World Wars 1914–1945, History of Switzerland - After 1945, History of Switzerland - English Literature Read more here: » History of Switzerland: Encyclopedia II - History of Switzerland - Early history |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Merovingian - Dynastic character The Merovingian king was the master of the booty of war, both movable and in lands and their folk, and he was in charge of the redistribution of conquered wealth among the first of his followers. "When he died his property was divided equally among his heirs as though it were private property: the kingdom was a form of patrimony" (Rouche 1987 p 420). The kings appointed magnates to be comites or counts, charging them with defense, administration, and the judgement of disputes. This happened against the backdrop of the collapse of the ...
See also:Merovingian, Merovingian - Dynastic origins, Merovingian - Dynastic character, Merovingian - Dynastic story, Merovingian - Merovingian numismatics, Merovingian - Merovingian historiography, Merovingian - External link Read more here: » Merovingian: Encyclopedia II - Merovingian - Dynastic character |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Oath More Judaico - Historical development The disability imposed on a Jew engaged in legal contention with a Christian dates back to the Byzantine emperor Justinian I, who declared that neither Jews nor heretics should be admitted as witnesses against Christians. Secular courts, however, did not recognize this disability. Thus, in the safeconducts issued by the Carolingian kings in the 9th century, Jews and Christians were treated as equals, and consequently the testimony of the former, whether given under oath or not, was equally admissible as the latter. This was distinctly stated ...
See also:Oath More Judaico, Oath More Judaico - Historical development, Oath More Judaico - An example: Frankfurt oath, Oath More Judaico - The oath as a Jewish disability Read more here: » Oath More Judaico: Encyclopedia II - Oath More Judaico - Historical development |
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| | | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Wilfred the Hairy - Origins According to legend, he was the son of Wilfred of Arriaount Wilfred of Arri, a county near Prades. His father was murdered by Salomón and Wilfred became his avenger, killing the assassin. Nevertheless, at the time of Ramón de Abadal's study, he was considered to be the son of Sunifred I of Barcelona, count of many counties under Louis the Pious and Charles the Bald. Sunifred was the son of Belló, count of Carcassonne during the reign of Charlemagne. Thus, as a descendant of Sunifred and his brother, Sunyer I, count of Ampurias and Rousillon (834-8 ...
See also:Wilfred the Hairy, Wilfred the Hairy - Origins, Wilfred the Hairy - Investiture, Wilfred the Hairy - Intervention in Ausona, Wilfred the Hairy - Carolingian Crisis, Wilfred the Hairy - The Crisis and the Counts, Wilfred the Hairy - Death, Wilfred the Hairy - Succession Read more here: » Wilfred the Hairy: Encyclopedia II - Wilfred the Hairy - Origins |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Wilfred the Hairy - Origins According to legend, he was the son of Wilfred of Arriaount (or Wilfred of Arri), a county near Prades. His father was murdered by Salomón and Wilfred became his avenger, killing the assassin. Nevertheless, at the time of Ramón de Abadal's study, he was considered to be the son of Sunifred I of Barcelona, count of many counties under Louis the Pious and Charles the Bald. Sunifred was the son of Belló, count of Carcassonne during the reign of Charlemagne. Thus, as a descendant of Sunifred and his brother, Sunyer I, count of Ampurias and Rousillon (834-8 ...
See also:Wilfred the Hairy, Wilfred the Hairy - Origins, Wilfred the Hairy - Investiture, Wilfred the Hairy - Intervention in Ausona, Wilfred the Hairy - Carolingian Crisis, Wilfred the Hairy - The Crisis and the Counts, Wilfred the Hairy - Death, Wilfred the Hairy - Succession Read more here: » Wilfred the Hairy: Encyclopedia II - Wilfred the Hairy - Origins |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Zürich - History Numerous lake-side settlements from the Neolithic and Bronze age have been found, such as those in the Zürich Pressehaus and Zürich Mozartstrasse. The settlements were found in the 1800s, submerged in Zürichsee (Lake Zurich). In 2004, traces of a pre-Roman Celtic settlement were discovered. In Roman times, Turicum was a tax-collecting point for goods entering the imperial province of Raetia by river. The earliest record of the town's name is preserved on a tombstone found in the ei ...
See also:Zürich, Zürich - Geography, Zürich - History, Zürich - Coat of arms, Zürich - Industry and commerce, Zürich - Culture, Zürich - Education and research, Zürich - Sports, Zürich - Events, Zürich - Transportation, Zürich - Notable people, Zürich - Hotels Read more here: » Zürich: Encyclopedia II - Zürich - History |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Redon Ille-et-Vilaine - History Very little information exists about this area prior to 832, however it would seem that there was a parish by the name of Riedones which gave the town its name. In 832, Conwoion, a Breton monk with the help of the Carolingian Emperor Louis le Pieux founded the abbey of Saint-Sauveur de Redon. Today, documents relating to the running of the abbey still exist.
The town developed around the abbey until forming a small rural community of 6,000 inhabitants in the 1960s.
In the middle ages, Redon benefited from mari ...
See also:Redon Ille-et-Vilaine, Redon Ille-et-Vilaine - Geography, Redon Ille-et-Vilaine - History, Redon Ille-et-Vilaine - Cultural life, Redon Ille-et-Vilaine - External link Read more here: » Redon Ille-et-Vilaine: Encyclopedia II - Redon Ille-et-Vilaine - History |
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| | | | | Carolingian: Encyclopedia II - Pope John Paul II - Life's work
Pope John Paul II - Teachings.
Main article: Teachings of Pope John Paul II
As pope, John Paul II's most important role was to teach people about Catholic Christianity. He wrote a number of important documents that many observers believe will have long-lasting influence on the Church.
A notable achievement of John Paul II was the publication of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which became an international bestseller. Its purpose, according to the Pope's Apostolic Constituti ...
See also:Pope John Paul II, Pope John Paul II - Overview, Pope John Paul II - Biography, Pope John Paul II - Early life, Pope John Paul II - Church career, Pope John Paul II - A Pope from Poland, Pope John Paul II - Assassination attempts, Pope John Paul II - Health, Pope John Paul II - Death, Pope John Paul II - Life's work, Pope John Paul II - Teachings, Pope John Paul II - Pastoral trips, Pope John Paul II - Relations with other religions, Pope John Paul II - The Pope for youth, Pope John Paul II - Apologies, Pope John Paul II - Social and political stances, Pope John Paul II - Criticism, Pope John Paul II - Other, Pope John Paul II - Films about Pope John Paul II Read more here: » Pope John Paul II: Encyclopedia II - Pope John Paul II - Life's work |
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