Ænima is an album released by Tool on October 1, 1996. It contains a dedication (of sorts) to the late comedian Bill Hicks, proclaiming him "Another Dead Hero"; the final track, the thirteen minute epic "Third Eye", uses a few samples of Hicks' sketches — including "Drugs have done good things for us." Tool also incorporated some of Carl Jung's (a famous Swiss psychologist) work into their album, Ænima. The title Ænima is a combination of the words 'anima' (Latin for 'soul', a term often used by Jung) and 'en ...

Including:

• Ænima - Track listing
• Ænima - Personnel
• Ænima - Trivia
• Ænima - Charting singles

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Cryptomnesia, or "concealed recollection," is a very common phenomenon. It is often the means of recalling to mind certain experiences that one otherwise would not remember. As explained expertly by Carl Jung, in Man and His Symbols, "An author may be writing steadily to a preconceived plan, working out an argument or developing the line of a story, when he suddenly runs off at a tangent. Perhaps a fresh idea has occurred to him, or a different image, or a whole new sub-plot. If you ask him what prompted the digression, ...

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Yuan (缘) or Yuanfen (缘份; pinyin: yuan2 fen4) is a Buddhist-related Chinese concept that means the predetermined principle that dictates a person's relationships and encounters, usually positive, such as the affinity among friends or lovers. In common usage the term can be defined as the "binding force" that links two persons together in any relationship. The concept of synchronicity from the Swiss psychologist Carl Jung can be seen as similar to yuanfen, which Chinese people also believe to be a universal force governing the happening of things to some people at some places. Yuanfen belongs to the family ...

Including:

• Yuanfen - Usage
• Yuanfen - Translations

Read more here: » Yuanfen: Encyclopedia - Yuanfen

Jungian psychology is a theory developed by Carl Gustav Jung, and is central to the Neopsychoanalytic school of psychology. Jungian psychology is geared largely toward the nature of symbolism and the effects of attachment upon the ability of people to live their lives in ignorance of their deeper "symbolic" natures. His ideas center around the understanding that a symbol loses its symbolic power when it is "attached" to a static meaning. The attached, and therefore static meaning renders an amorphous symbol (like the sphere or the our ...

Including:

• Jungian psychology - Key terms
• Jungian psychology - Clinical theories

Read more here: » Jungian psychology: Encyclopedia - Jungian psychology

The Wise Old Man is an archetype as described by Carl Gustav Jung. It is also a classic literary figure, and may be seen as a stock character. In works of fiction, this kind of character is typically represented by a kind and wise, older father-type figure who uses personal knowledge of people and the world, to help tell stories and offer guidance, that in a mystical way illuminate to his audience ...

Including:

• Wise Old Man - Examples of the Wise Old Man in popular culture
• Wise Old Man - Fantasy
• Wise Old Man - Comics
• Wise Old Man - Mythology
• Wise Old Man - Science Fiction
• Wise Old Man - Miscellaneous film
• Wise Old Man - Miscellaneous television
• Wise Old Man - Miscellaneous cartoons
• Wise Old Man - Other genres

Read more here: » Wise Old Man: Encyclopedia - Wise Old Man

Eugene Monick PhD. is a Jungian Analyst practicing in Scranton, Pennsylvannia, and New York City. He is a graduate of the Virginia (Episcopal) Theological Seminary. He received his doctorate from the Union Graduate School, and his Diploma in Analytical Psychology from the C.G. Jung Institute in Zurich. Mr. Monick has published two books on masculine psychology. Phallos: Sacred Image of the Masculine [2] was published in 1987. In this book, Mr. Monick correlates male sexuality and spirituality, saying that "phallos" (the erect p ...

See also:

Masculine Psychology, Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity, Masculine Psychology - The role of the father, Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick, Masculine Psychology - Related articles, Masculine Psychology - External links

Read more here: » Masculine Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick

A mandala in tantric Buddhism usually depicts a landscape of the Buddha land or the enlightened vision of a Buddha. Mandalas are commonly used by tantric Buddhists as an aid to meditation. The photograph at right is a good example of a Tibetan sand mandala. This pattern is painstakingly created on the temple floor by several monks who use small tubes to create a tiny flow of grains. The various aspects of the traditionally fixed design represent symbolically the objects of worship and c ...

See also:

Mandala, Mandala - Mandala in Hinduism, Mandala - Mandala in Buddhism, Mandala - Mandala in Vajrayana, Mandala - Mandala in Nichiren Buddhism, Mandala - Downloading the Gohonzon from GohonzonInfo Group, Mandala - Other meanings of mandala, Mandala - Mandala in Discordianism, Mandala - Mandala Software

Read more here: » Mandala: Encyclopedia II - Mandala - Mandala in Buddhism

Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism. U.S. psychologist and philosopher William James (1842–1910) served as president of the American Psychological Association, and wrote one of the first psychology textbooks. In the psychology of religion, James's influence endures. His Varieties of Religious Experience is considered to be the classic work in the field, and is worth reading for anyone interested in psychology and religion. Indeed, references ...

See also:

Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links

Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Other studies

Some psychologists and anthropologists argue that the masculine identity is more fragile than the feminine identity because males are not born of their own identity. Females are born from the female body. Thus females are born of their own identity. Males are born of the female body, and thus are born of an identity foreign to their own. Some argue that early on this establishes a struggle and challange for the male identity. Some scholars have noted that women are born, but men are "made." In other words, males often feel that their ...

See also:

Masculine Psychology, Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity, Masculine Psychology - The role of the father, Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick, Masculine Psychology - Related articles, Masculine Psychology - External links

Read more here: » Masculine Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity

Many psychologists agree that the father is very important to the male child's development of identity. In his book Absent Fathers, Lost Sons [1], Canadian Jungian analyst Guy Corneau writes that the presence of the father's body during the son's developmental phases is integral in the son developing a positive sense of self as a male. Corneau also argues that if the son does not develop positively towards the father's male body, then the son ru ...

See also:

Masculine Psychology, Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity, Masculine Psychology - The role of the father, Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick, Masculine Psychology - Related articles, Masculine Psychology - External links

Read more here: » Masculine Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Masculine Psychology - The role of the father

Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion. Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) gave explanations of the genesis of religion in his various writings. In Totem and Taboo, he applied the idea of the Oedipus complex (involving unresolved sexual feelings of, for example, a son toward his mother and hostility toward his father) and postulated its emergence in the primordial stage of human development. In Moses and Monotheism, Freud reconstructed biblical history in accord with his ge ...

See also:

Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links

Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies

Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people. Karl Marx famously asserted religion to be "the opium of people" (sometimes quoted in English as "the opiate of the masses"). He stated that "Morals, religion, metaphysics and other forms of ideology and the forms of consciousness corresponding to them no longer retain their apparent independence. It is not consciousness t ...

See also:

Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links

Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs

Jungian psychology (Analytical Psychology): System of psychoanalysis founded by psychiatrist and reincarnationist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), of Zurich, Switzerland.

Jungian psychology theory posits a collective unconscious, synchronicity, and life energy (libidinal energy, the primal energy). Jung held that studying the collective racial unconscious could enhance understanding of the individual unconscious.

(See also: Jungian psychology, Body Mind and Soul, Alternative Health, Alternative Health Dictionary)

A leading exponent of the substantial view was George Berkeley, an 18th century Anglican bishop and philosopher. Berkeley argued that there is no such thing as matter and what humans see as the material world is nothing but an idea in God's mind, and that therefore the human mind is purely a manifestation of the soul or spirit or similar. This type of belief is also common in certain types of spiritual non-dualistic belief, but outside this field few philosophers take an extreme view today. However, the view that the human mind is of a nature or essence somehow different from, and higher than, ...

See also:

Mind, Mind - Theories of the mind, Mind - Nature of the mind, Mind - History of the philosophy of the mind, Mind - Current research

Read more here: » Mind: Encyclopedia II - Mind - History of the philosophy of the mind

According to Carl Jung there are four psychological functions: Sensation Logic (Thinking) Ethics (Feeling) Intuition Feeling and thinking are rational (i.e. ordering functions) and sensation and intuition are irrational (i.e. perceiving) functions. Each function can be introverted or extroverted, which gives as a result 8 different psychological functions. ...

See also:

Socionics, Socionics - Psychological functions, Socionics - Combined Functions Or: How to Create a Type

Read more here: » Socionics: Encyclopedia II - Socionics - Psychological functions

Xenogears - Psychological. Xenogears' characters were designed to allude to many psychological concepts, especially Freudian and Jungian ones. The most obvious allusion involves the nature of the game's protagonist, Fei Fong Wong, whose Freudian ego, superego, and id are discussed at length throughout the course of the game. Fei had subconsciously repressed his memories because of his unpleasant childhood, but his desire to remember elements of his past eventually leads to his discovering the truth about w ...

See also:

Xenogears, Xenogears - Gameplay, Xenogears - Plot, Xenogears - Summary, Xenogears - Backstory and expansion, Xenogears - Criticism, Xenogears - Game notes, Xenogears - Homages and allusions, Xenogears - Psychological, Xenogears - Xenogears and Neon Genesis Evangelion, Xenogears - Other

Read more here: » Xenogears: Encyclopedia II - Xenogears - Homages and allusions

The archetype is also a concept of psychologist Carl Jung. In this context, archetypes are innate prototypes for ideas, which may subsequently become involved in the interpretation of observed phenomena. A group of memories and interpretations closely associated with an archetype is called a complex, and may be named for its central archetype (e.g. "mother complex"). Jung often seemed to view the archetypes as sort of psychological organs, directly analogous to our physical, bodily organs: both being morphological givens for the species; bot ...

See also:

Archetype, Archetype - Literature, Archetype - Jungian archetypes, Archetype - Cultural archetypes analysis, Archetype - Enneagram character archetypes

Read more here: » Archetype: Encyclopedia II - Archetype - Jungian archetypes

The debate about the nature of the mind is relevant to the development of artificial intelligence. If the mind is indeed a thing separate from or higher than the functioning of the brain, then presumably it will not be possible for any machine, no matter how sophisticated, to duplicate it. If on the other hand the mind is no more than the aggregated functions of the brain, then it will be possible, at least in ...

See also:

Mind, Mind - Theories of the mind, Mind - Nature of the mind, Mind - History of the philosophy of the mind, Mind - Current research

Read more here: » Mind: Encyclopedia II - Mind - Current research

There are many theories of what the mind is and how it works, dating back to Plato, Aristotle and other Ancient Greek philosophers. Pre-scientific theories, which were rooted in theology, concentrated on the relationship between the mind and the soul, the supposed supernatural or divine essence of the human person. Modern theories, based on a scientific understanding of the brain, see the mind as a phenomenon of psychology, and the term is often used more or less synonymously with consciousness. A slightly less modern theory developed in the late 1940s, Dianetics, pa ...

See also:

Mind, Mind - Theories of the mind, Mind - Nature of the mind, Mind - History of the philosophy of the mind, Mind - Current research

Read more here: » Mind: Encyclopedia II - Mind - Theories of the mind

Campbell relied on the texts of Jung as an explanation of psychological phenomena, as experienced through archetypes. But Campbell didn’t agree with Carl Jung on every issue, and certainly had a very original voice of his own. Campbell didn't believe in astrology or synchronicity as Jung had. Campbell's true study and interpretation is in the melding of accepted ideas and symbolism. His iconoclastic approach was as original as it was radical. His take on religion has been compared to Einstein's idea of science in his last days, the search ...

See also:

Joseph Campbell, Joseph Campbell - Life, Joseph Campbell - Campbell's original voice, Joseph Campbell - Hero mythology and the monomyth, Joseph Campbell - Influence, Joseph Campbell - Criticism, Joseph Campbell - Works, Joseph Campbell - Quotes, Joseph Campbell - Bibliography, Joseph Campbell - Books, Joseph Campbell - DVD/Discography

Read more here: » Joseph Campbell: Encyclopedia II - Joseph Campbell - Campbell's original voice

Both philosophers and psychologists remain divided about the nature of the mind. Some take what is known as the substantial view, and argue that the mind is a single entity, perhaps having its base in the brain but distinct from it and having an autonomous existence. This view ultimately derives from Plato, and was absorbed from him into Christian thought. In its most extreme form, the substantial view merges with the theological view that the mind is an entity wholly separate from the body, in fact a manifestation of the soul, which will survive the b ...

See also:

Mind, Mind - Theories of the mind, Mind - Nature of the mind, Mind - History of the philosophy of the mind, Mind - Current research

Read more here: » Mind: Encyclopedia II - Mind - Nature of the mind