Codeine Codeine (INN) or methylmorphine is an opioid used for its analgesic, antitussive and antidiarrheal properties. It is marketed as the salts codeine sulfate and codeine phosphate. Codeine is an alkaloid found in opium in concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 2.5 percent. While codeine can be extracted from opium, most codeine used in the United States is synthesized from morphine through the process of O-methylation. Codeine - Indications. Approved indicat ...

Including:

• Codeine - Indications
• Codeine - Controlled substance
• Codeine - Pharmacokinetics
• Codeine - Pharmacology
• Codeine - Adverse effects
• Codeine - Recreational use

Read more here: » Codeine: Encyclopedia - Codeine

Codeine is often used as a recreational drug. This may be due to its easy availability over-the-counter or on prescription in combination products (which, in the certain countries, are scheduled lower than codeine as a single-agent). People use it in order to obtain the euphoric effects associated with use of opioids. In certain areas of the United States; more specifically Texas, codeine syrup form is called Lean. It is commonly mixed with alcohol, or a blunt and smoked. It has been said this is done because it makes you ...

See also:

Codeine, Codeine - Indications, Codeine - Controlled substance, Codeine - Pharmacokinetics, Codeine - Pharmacology, Codeine - Adverse effects, Codeine - Recreational use

Read more here: » Codeine: Encyclopedia II - Codeine - Recreational use

Approved indications for codeine include: Cough, though its efficacy has been disputed (Schroeder & Fahey, 2001) Diarrhea Mild to moderate pain Codeine is sometimes marketed in combination preparations with paracetamol (acetaminophen) as co-codamol, with aspirin co-codaprin or with ibuprofen. These combinations provide greater pain relief than either ...

See also:

Codeine, Codeine - Indications, Codeine - Controlled substance, Codeine - Pharmacokinetics, Codeine - Pharmacology, Codeine - Adverse effects, Codeine - Recreational use

Read more here: » Codeine: Encyclopedia II - Codeine - Indications

Codeine is considered a prodrug, since it is metabolised in vivo to the principal active analgesic agent morphine. It is, however, less potent than morphine since only about 10% of the codeine is converted. It also has a correspondingly lower dependence-liability than morphine. Theoretically, a dose of approximately 200 mg (oral) of codeine must be administered to give equivalent analgesia to 30 mg (oral) of morphine (Rossi, 2004). It is not used, however, in single doses of greater than 60mg (and no more than 240 mg i ...

See also:

Codeine, Codeine - Indications, Codeine - Controlled substance, Codeine - Pharmacokinetics, Codeine - Pharmacology, Codeine - Adverse effects, Codeine - Recreational use

Read more here: » Codeine: Encyclopedia II - Codeine - Pharmacokinetics

In the United States, codeine is regulated by the Controlled Substances Act. It is a Schedule II controlled substance for pain-relief products containing codeine alone. In combination with aspirin or acetaminophen (paracetamol) it is listed as Schedule III. Codeine is also available outside the United States as an over-the-counter medication (Schedule V) in liquid cough-relief formulations. Internationally, codeine is a Schedule II drug under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.[1] In the United Kingdom, codeine is regulated by the ...

See also:

Codeine, Codeine - Indications, Codeine - Controlled substance, Codeine - Pharmacokinetics, Codeine - Pharmacology, Codeine - Adverse effects, Codeine - Recreational use

Read more here: » Codeine: Encyclopedia II - Codeine - Controlled substance

Common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the use of codeine include: Itching, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, dry mouth, miosis, orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention and constipation. (Rossi, 2004) Tolerance to many of the effects of codeine develop with prolonged use, including therapeutic effects. The rate at which this occurs develops at different rates for different effects, with tolerance to the constipation-inducing effects developing particularly slowly for instance. A potentially serious ADR, as with other opioids, is respiratory depression. This depression is dose-related and is the mechanism for the ...

See also:

Codeine, Codeine - Indications, Codeine - Controlled substance, Codeine - Pharmacokinetics, Codeine - Pharmacology, Codeine - Adverse effects, Codeine - Recreational use

Read more here: » Codeine: Encyclopedia II - Codeine - Adverse effects