Caracalla (April 4, 186–April 8, 217) was emperor of the Roman Empire from AD 211–217. Born in Lugdunum in the province of Gaul in 186, he was the son of the future emperor Septimius Severus and Julia Domna. His given name was Marcus Aurelius Antoninus but he was later given the nickname Caracalla, which referred to the Gallic hooded tunic he habitually wore and which he made fashionable. Severus, who had taken the imperial throne in 193, died in 211 while visiting Eboracum (York), and Caracalla was pro ...

Including:

• Caracalla - Mythical king of Britain

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Abracadabra is a word used as an incantation, considered by some to be the phrase that is pronounced most universally in other languages without translation. The word is now commonly used as an incantation by stage magicians. In ancient times, however, it was taken much more seriously as an incantation to be used as a cure against fevers and inflammations. The first known mention was in De Medicina Praecepta by Serenus Sammonicus, physician to the Roman emperor Caracalla, who prescribed that the sufferer from the disease wear an amulet containing ...

Including:

• Abracadabra - Etymology
• Abracadabra - The curse and the pestilence
• Abracadabra - Father, Son, Holy Spirit
• Abracadabra - Disappear like this word
• Abracadabra - Abraxas
• Abracadabra - Thelema
• Abracadabra - Avada Kedavra in Harry Potter

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Harran, also known as Carrhae, is an archeological site in present day southeastern Turkey, 24 miles (39 kilometers) southeast of Sanli Urfa. In its prime, it controlled the point where the road from Damascus joins the highway between Nineveh and Carchemish. This location gave Harran strategic value from an early date. It is frequently mentioned in Assyrian inscriptions as early as the time of Tiglath-Pileser I, about 1100 BC, under the name Harranu, or "Road"( Akkadian harrānu, road, path, journey ). After the Shupiluliuma-Shattiwazza treaty, Harran was burned by a Hittite army under Piyashshili ...

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The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were an alliance of warbands formed from Germanic tribes, first mentioned by Dio Cassius when they fought Caracalla in 213. They apparently dwelt in the basin of the Main, to the south of the Chatti. Alamanni - Tribal connections. The Alamanni emerged from the Irminones. According to Asinius Quadratus their name —"all men"—indicates that they were a conglomeration of various tribes formed into warbands, similar to the contemporary Huns. Another source < ...

Including:

• Alamanni - Tribal connections
• Alamanni - Conflicts with the Roman Empire
• Alamanni - List of battles between Romans and Alamanni
• Alamanni - Alamanni and Franks
• Alamanni - List of Alamannic rulers
• Alamanni - Christianization
• Alamanni - Modern Alemanni

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Algeria: 7,500,000 Tunisia:    200,000 Libya:    250,000+ Mauretania:    80,000 Egypt:    10,000 France:    1,000,000 Spain:    50,000 Israel:    50,000   Semitic The Berbers (also called Imazighen, "free men", singular Amazigh) are an ethnic group indigenous to Northwest Africa, speaking the Berber languages of the Afro ...

Including:

• Berber - Origin
• Berber - Genetic evidence
• Berber - Archaeological
• Berber - Linguistic
• Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region
• Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans
• Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior
• Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans
• Berber - Religions and beliefs
• Berber - History
• Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest
• Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus
• Berber - Modern-day Berbers
• Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa
• Berber - Famous Berbers
• Berber - In ancient times
• Berber - In medieval times
• Berber - In modern times
• Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic
• Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors

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Located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, Alexandria (in Arabic, الإسكندرية, transliterated al-ʼIskandariyyah) is the chief seaport in Egypt, and that country's second largest city, and the capital of the Al Iskandariyah governate. It is located at 31°12′N 29°15′E, 208 km (129 miles) northwest of Cairo. The Canopic mouth of the Nile (now dry) was 19 km (12 miles) east, near the ancient city of Canopus ...

Including:

• Alexandria - History
• Alexandria - Founding
• Alexandria - Roman jurisdiction
• Alexandria - After Amr
• Alexandria - The 1800s
• Alexandria - Bombardment of 1882
• Alexandria - Under British control
• Alexandria - Geography
• Alexandria - Layout of the ancient city
• Alexandria - The modern city
• Alexandria - Ancient remains
• Alexandria - Antiquities

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Aegyptus was, in ancient geography, a province of the Roman Empire, encompassing most of modern-day Egypt except for the Sinai Peninsula. Both the provinces of Cyrenaica to the west and Arabia to the east bordered Aegyptus. The area originally came under Roman rule in 30BC, and served as a major producer of grain for the empire. Aegyptus Province - Roman conquest of Egypt. In 30 BC, following the death of Cleopatra, Egypt became part of the Roman Empire as the imperial province of Aegyptus, g ...

Including:

• Aegyptus Province - Roman conquest of Egypt
• Aegyptus Province - Roman rule in Egypt

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Origen (ca. 182–ca. 251) was a Christian scholar and theologian and one of the most distinguished of the Fathers of the early Christian Church. He is thought to have been born at Alexandria, and died at Caesarea. His writings are important as one of the first serious intellectual attempts to describe Christianity. Origen - Life. Origen - Early training. His full name was apparently Origenes Adamantius. He was educated by his father, Leonides, on the Bible ...

Including:

• Origen - Life
• Origen - Early training
• Origen - Conflict with Demetrius and removal to Caesarea
• Origen - Works
• Origen - Exegetical writings
• Origen - Extant commentaries of Origen
• Origen - Dogmatic practical and apologetic writings
• Origen - Views
• Origen - Philosophical and religious
• Origen - Theological and dogmatic
• Origen - The Logos doctrine and cosmology
• Origen - Christology
• Origen - Eschatology
• Origen - Character
• Origen - Origen's influence on the later Church
• Origen - Reference

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Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after İstanbul. The city has a population of 5,153,000 (as of 2005), and a mean elevation of 850 m. (2800 ft.) It was formerly known as Angora or Engürü, and in Roman times as Ancyra, and in classical and Hellenistic periods as Ἄγκυρα Áŋkyra (see also List of traditional Greek place names). ...

Including:

• Ankara - History
• Ankara - Attractions
• Ankara - General attractions
• Ankara - Archeological sites
• Ankara - Modern monuments
• Ankara - Mosques
• Ankara - Parks
• Ankara - Shopping
• Ankara - Universities
• Ankara - Transportation
• Ankara - Sports

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Damnatio memoriae (Latin for "damnation of memory", in the sense of removed from the remembrance) was a form of dishonor that could be passed by the Roman Senate upon traitors or others who brought discredit to the Roman Empire. The sense of the expression and of the sanction is to cancel every trace of the person from the life of Rome, as if he had never existed, in order to preserve the honour of the Urbs; in a town that stressed the social appearance and respectability (and the pride of being a civis romanus) as a fundamental requirement ...

Including:

• Damnatio memoriae - Similar practices in other societies
• Damnatio memoriae - Related article

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Elagabalus or Heliogabalus (c. 203–March 11, 222), born Varius Avitus Bassus and also known as Varius Avitus Bassianus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, was a Roman emperor of the Severan dynasty who reigned from 218 to 222. Elagabalus was and is one of the most controversial Roman emperors. During his reign he showed a disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos. Elagabalus' name is a Latinized form of the Semitic deity El-Gabal, a manifestation of the Semitic deity Ēl. He replaced Jupiter, head of the ...

Including:

• Elagabalus - Family
• Elagabalus - Rise to power
• Elagabalus - Imperial power
• Elagabalus - Religious controversy
• Elagabalus - Sex/gender controversy
• Elagabalus - Fall from power
• Elagabalus - After death
• Elagabalus - Biased historical sources
• Elagabalus - Cultural influence
• Elagabalus - Note

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Mithraism (in Persian: مهرپرستی) was an ancient mystery religion prominent from the 1st century BC to the 5th century AD. It was based on worship of the god Mithras and derives from the Persian and Indic god Mithra and other Zoroastrian deities. Mithras was known throughout Europe and Asia by the names Mithra, Mitra, Meitros, Mihr, Mehr, and Meher. The veneration of this God began about 4000 years ago in Persia, where ...

Including:

• Mithraism - Principles of Mithraism
• Mithraism - The mithraeum
• Mithraism - Mithraic ranks
• Mithraism - The iconography of Mithraism
• Mithraism - History of Mithraism
• Mithraism - Mithraism In Persia Iran
• Mithraism - Mithraism in early Rome
• Mithraism - Mithraism in the Roman Empire
• Mithraism - The demise of Mithraism
• Mithraism - Connections
• Mithraism - Parallels to Christianity
• Mithraism - Mithraic studies
• Mithraism - Places to see

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Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of the city-state of Rome, founded on the Italian peninsula in the 8th century BCE. During its twelve-century existence, the Roman civilization shifted from a monarchy to an oligarchic republic to a vast empire. It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through conquest and assimilation, but eventually succumbed to barbarian invasions in the 5th century, marking the decline of the ...

Including:

• Ancient Rome - History
• Ancient Rome - Monarchy
• Ancient Rome - Republic
• Ancient Rome - Empire
• Ancient Rome - Society
• Ancient Rome - Government
• Ancient Rome - Law
• Ancient Rome - Economy
• Ancient Rome - Class structure
• Ancient Rome - Family
• Ancient Rome - Education
• Ancient Rome - Culture
• Ancient Rome - Language
• Ancient Rome - Art literature and music
• Ancient Rome - Games and activities
• Ancient Rome - Religion
• Ancient Rome - Technology
• Ancient Rome - Engineering and architecture
• Ancient Rome - Military
• Ancient Rome - Notes

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Çankırı is a town in Turkey, in Çankırı Province, about 140 km northeast of Ankara. It is situated in a rich well-watered valley, at about 800 m (2500 ft) in elevation. It was anciently named Gangra, then Germanicopolis for a period, then Changra, Kandari, or Kanghari. Gangra, the capital of the Paphlagonian kingdom of Deiotarus Philadelphus, son of Castor, was taken into the Roman province of Galatia on his death in 65 BC. The earlier town, the name of which signified she-goat, w ...

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Modern Baalbek (Arabic: بعلبك) is a town in the Bekaa valley of Lebanon, altitude 3,850 ft (1,170 m), situated east of the Litani River. It is famous for its exquisitely detailed but monumentally scaled temple ruins of the Roman period, when Baalbek, known as Heliopolis was one of the largest sanctuaries in the Empire. 19th century Bible archaeologists wanted to connect Baalbek to the "Baalgad" mentioned in Joshua 11:17, but the assertion has not been taken up in modern times. In fact, this minor Phoenician c ...

Including:

• Baalbek - Heliopolis the City of the Sun
• Baalbek - Islam
• Baalbek - Ottoman
• Baalbek - Modern day

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Israel: app. 3.7 mil. [3] Europe: app. 1.7 mil. [4] Argentina: nn South Africa: nn Oceania: nn   • Sephardi Jews   • Mizrahi Jews   • Other Jewish groups Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (אַשְׁכֲּנָזִי אַשְׁכֲּנָזִים Standard Hebrew, Aškanazi, Aškanazim, Tiberian Hebrew, ʾAškănāzî, ʾAš ...

Including:

• Ashkenazi Jews - Origin of Ashkenazim
• Ashkenazi Jews - From Roman Empire to Dark Ages
• Ashkenazi Jews - Possible DNA Clues
• Ashkenazi Jews - Ashkenazi Migrations throughout the High and Late Middle Ages
• Ashkenazi Jews - Usage of the name
• Ashkenazi Jews - Medieval references
• Ashkenazi Jews - Customs laws and traditions
• Ashkenazi Jews - Relationship to other Jews
• Ashkenazi Jews - Population genetics
• Ashkenazi Jews - Specific diseases
• Ashkenazi Jews - IQ
• Ashkenazi Jews - Natural History of Ashkenazi Intelligence
• Ashkenazi Jews - Modern history
• Ashkenazi Jews - Ashkenazi Jewry and the Holocaust
• Ashkenazi Jews - Ashkenazi Chief Rabbis in the Yishuv and Israel

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April 8 is the 98th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (99th in leap years). There are 267 days remaining in the year. April 8 - Events. 217 - Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated (and succeeded) by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus 1203 - Congress in Bilino Polje, where Ban Kulin officially declared his allegiance to the Catholic Church and denounced the heresy. 1730 - Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in New York City, is dedicated.Including:

• April 8 - Events
• April 8 - Births
• April 8 - Deaths
• April 8 - Holidays and observances

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April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). There are 271 days remaining. April 4 - Events. 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. 1721 - Sir Robert Walpole enters office as the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom under King George I. 1812 - U.S. President James Madison enacted a ninety-day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom. 1814 - Napo ...

Including:

• April 4 - Events
• April 4 - Births
• April 4 - Deaths
• April 4 - Holidays and observances

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Public bathing has a long history. Although the ancient Greek men practiced nudity in the Gymnasium, it was not acceptable for the women to view the men naked nor for the women to participate in social nudity, even among themselves. Even the original, nude Olympic games were only attended by men. During the Ottoman Empire, public baths were established and widely used. The baths had both a religious and popular origin deriving from the Qur'an (ablution ritual) an ...

Including:

• Public bathing - Public baths today
• Public bathing - Bodily perfection and self-consciousness

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Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων Roman (Byzantine) Empire Motto: Βασιλεὺς Βασιλέων Βασιλεύων Βασιλευόντων (Greek: King of Kings Ruling Over Rulers) The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. In certain s ...

Including:

• Byzantine Empire - The term Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine Empire - Identity continuity and consciousness
• Byzantine Empire - Origin
• Byzantine Empire - Early history
• Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I
• Byzantine Empire - The fight for survival
• Byzantine Empire - Golden era
• Byzantine Empire - The Comneni and the Crusaders
• Byzantine Empire - Underlying reasons for decline
• Byzantine Empire - The Decline and Fall of the Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine Empire - Legacy and importance
• Byzantine Empire - Bibliography

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