Encyclopedia - Camille Chamoun: Encyclopedia Ii - Camille Chamoun - Early Years
Lebanon This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Lebanon Constitution President: Emile Lahoud Prime Minister: Foua...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Amine Gemayel: Encyclopedia - Amine Gemayel
Amine Gemayel (Arabic: أمين الجميل) (born 1942) was President of Lebanon from 1982 to 1988. Born in Beirut, Gemayel is the son ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia - Arabic Name
Old Arabic names are based on a very sophisticated naming system: most Arabs do not simply have first/middle/last names, but a full chain...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Damour Massacre: Encyclopedia - Damour Massacre
The Damour massacre took place on 20 January 1976 during the 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War. It was perpetrated by mainly Palestinian mil...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1956 – 1959
Barry fitted out at the Boston Naval Shipyard through November, testing her new electronics, ASW gear and gunnery systems into December. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Damour Massacre: Encyclopedia Ii - Damour Massacre - Cycle Of Violence
The massacre followed that by the Phalangists of the Palestinian inhabitants of Karantina on 18 January 1976, in which an estimated one t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multinational Force In Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - Multinational Force In Lebanon - Background
Americans had previously been involved in Lebanese affairs, during the 1958 Lebanon crisis. In that intervention, 14,000 Americans were s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - René Moawad: Encyclopedia Ii - René Moawad - Parliamentary Career
Moawad made his first foray into politics in 1951, when he unsuccessfully contested a Zgharta seat in the National Assembly. Although he ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Lebanese People: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Lebanese People - Historical Figures
List of Lebanese people - Lebanese politicians. See also: Politics of Lebanon Michel Aoun - military Prime Minister, general Camille C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - St. John Philby: Encyclopedia Ii - St. John Philby - Arab Revolt
Philby is one of the lesser known but most influential persons in the modern history of the Middle East. In late 1915 Percy Cox, chief po...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lebanese Forces: Encyclopedia Ii - Lebanese Forces - Early History 1977 - 1982
In opposition to an alliance of Palestinian and leftist Muslim militias, the Lebanese Forces (LF) were organized in 1977 under the leader...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - Family Background & Education
Kamal Jumblatt was born in 1917 in Mukhtara, in the Chouf area of Lebanon, in prestigeous Jumblatt family, who were traditional leaders o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Structure Of The Arab Name
Arabic name - Ism. The main name of an Arab person is the ism, his or her personal name. This could be for example Karim or Mahmud. Mos...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - Postwar Reconstruction: 1992 To Present
Since the end of the war, the Lebanese have conducted several elections, most of the militias have been weakened or disbanded, and the Le...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Structure Of The Arab Name
Arabic name - Ism. The main name of an Arab person is the ism, his or her personal name. This could be for example Karim or Mahmud. Mos...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multinational Force In Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - Multinational Force In Lebanon - Barracks Bombing
Main article: 1983 Beirut barracks bombing The MNF was given a devastating blow on October 23, when truck bombs driven by suicide bombers...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multinational Force In Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - Multinational Force In Lebanon - Later Confrontations And Withdrawal
French warplanes struck the Beqaa Valley in November, hitting Iranian Revolutionary Guard positions. They claimed this was in response to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multinational Force In Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - Multinational Force In Lebanon - Increased Involvement
Despite the withdrawal of the PLO from Beirut, the MNF's mission was far from over. On September 14, Lebanese President Bachir Gemayel wa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - René Moawad: Encyclopedia Ii - René Moawad - Election And Assassination
Following the Taif Agreement to end the civil war, the National Assembly met on November 5 at the Qoleiat air base in North Lebanon and e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - St. John Philby: Encyclopedia Ii - St. John Philby - Suez Crisis
After Ibn Saud's death in 1953 Philby openly criticized the successor King Faisal, saying the royal family's morals were being picked up ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1966 – 1970
Clearing the British Crown Colony on 25 February, Barry, after rendezvous with the scattered units of Destroyer Squadron (DesRon) 24, sai...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1970 – 1976
Departing 18 August, she joined 6th Fleet at Rota, Spain, before sailing into Athens 1 September. Following a month long stand down, to s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1977 – 1979
Barry remained in the yard until 9 February 1977 when she departed for sea trials. She transferred her homeport to Mayport, Florida, on 4...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1980 – 1982
On 17 January 1980, Barry's homeport was changed to Boston and the following day, she entered Bethlehem Steel Shipyard, Boston, for a yea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - Vietnam War
Passing through the Panama Canal on 6 October, Barry touched at Hawaii, for a short liberty, and Midway before crossing the International...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1962 – 1965
With her part in the "Cuban Quarantine" completed, Barry reached Narragansett Bay on 15 November for upkeep. She put out to sea for exerc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - St. John Philby: Encyclopedia Ii - St. John Philby - Philby Plan
At a February 1939 meeting in London with Ben-Gurion and Weizman, Philby offered substantial Jewish immigration to Palestine if they woul...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - 1960 – 1962
She cleared Newport on 6 June for a summer goodwill tour and sonar demonstration cruise to Northern Europe. Before the end of June, Barry...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uss Barry Dd-933: Encyclopedia Ii - Uss Barry Dd-933 - Cuban Missile Crisis
On 16 October, the day President John F. Kennedy was shown aerial reconnaissance photographs of Soviet nuclear missiles and launch sites ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - St. John Philby: Encyclopedia Ii - St. John Philby - Ibn Saud Adviser
Philby was of the view that both British and the Saudi family's interests would be best served by uniting the Arabian peninsula under one...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Example
Or, transliterated: abū karīm muhammadu-l-jamīl ibn nidāl ibn 'abdi-'azīzi-l-filastīnī This means, in translation: "Father-of-K...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - League Of Nations Mandate
Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, the League of Nations mandated the five provinces that make up present-da...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - Regional Conflict
Meanwhile, in the aftermath of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Lebanon became home to more than 110,000 Palestinian refugees displaced from th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - The Lebanese Civil War: 1975–1990
Main article: Lebanese Civil War The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises of Lebano...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - 19th Century
During the nineteenth century the town of Beirut became the most important port of the region supplanting Acre further to the south. This...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - Ancient History Of Lebanon
See also: Phoenicia Lebanon is the historic home of the Phoenicians, Semitic traders whose maritime culture flourished there for more tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Example
Or, transliterated: abū karīm muhammadu-l-jamīl ibn nidāl ibn 'abdi-'azīzi-l-filastīnī This means, in translation: "Father-of-K...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Westernization Of Arab Naming Practices
It must be noted that many Arabic countries have now adopted a Westernized way of naming. This is the case for example in Lebanon and Mag...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Damour Massacre: Encyclopedia Ii - Damour Massacre - The Perpetrators
There are a number of conflicting claims as to exactly which militias participated in the massacre. It is clear that it was a Palestinian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lebanese Forces: Encyclopedia Ii - Lebanese Forces - The Amine Gemayel Years 1982 - 1988
Bachir Gemayel was assassinated on 14 September 1982, before having taken office. His brother, Amine replaced him as President and his co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - Early Political Career
Kamal Jumblatt practiced law in Lebanon from 1941 to 1942 and was designated the Official State Lawyer for the Lebanese Government. In 19...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Lebanese People: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Lebanese People - Practical Figures
List of Lebanese people - Scientists. Michael Atiyah - mathematician, Fields Medal (1966), Abel Prize (2004) (Lebanese father) Elias J...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Westernization Of Arab Naming Practices
It must be noted that many Arabic countries have now adopted a Westernized way of naming. This is the case for example in Lebanon and Mag...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arabic Name: Encyclopedia Ii - Arabic Name - Mistakes Made By Europeans And Other Non-arabs
It is important to note that, while such names may be written "Abdul (something)", "Abdul" means "servant of the" and is not, by itself, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - The 1958 Revolt
In 1953, Jumblatt was re-elected Deputy for the fourth time. He founded the Popular Socialist Front the same year and led the opposition ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Lebanese People: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Lebanese People - Cultural Figures
List of Lebanese people - Film TV and radio. Yamila Diaz, model (Lebanese father) Shannon Elizabeth, actress (Lebanese/Syrian father) ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - Uniting The Opposition
Jumblatt chaired the Afro-Asian People’s Conference in 1960 and founded the same year, the National Struggle Front (NSF), a movement wh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - Death And Legacy
On March 16, 1977, Kamal Jumblat was assassinated. Prime suspects include the pro-Syrian faction of the Lebanese Syrian Social Nationalis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - Build-up To Civil War
On May 9, 1968 he was reelected Deputy for the seventh time. In 1970, he was once again appointed Minister of the Interior, a reward for ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kamal Jumblatt: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamal Jumblatt - The Lebanese Civil War
In April 1975, a series of tit-for-tat killings culminating in a Phalangist massacre of Palestinian workers, prompted full-blown fighting...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Camille Chamoun: Encyclopedia Ii - Camille Chamoun - Death And Legacy
In 1984, Chamoun agreed to join the National Unity government as Deputy Prime Minister, a post he held until his death in Beirut on 7 Aug...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Camille Chamoun: Encyclopedia Ii - Camille Chamoun - During The Civil War
In the 1970s and 1980s, Chamoun served in a variety of portfolios in the Cabinet. This was during the Lebanese Civil War (1975-90), in wh...   » Read the article