Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire
Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων Roman (Byzantine) Empire Motto: Βασιλεὺς Βασιλέων Βασιλεύων Βασιλευόν...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Origin
Caracalla's decree in 212, the Constitutio Antoniniana, extended citizenship outside of Italy to all free adult males in the entire Roman...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Origin
Caracalla's decree in 212, the Constitutio Antoniniana, extended citizenship outside of Italy to all free adult males in the entire Roman...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Exarch: Encyclopedia Ii - Exarch - Byzantine Empire
The term often refers to the Exarchate of Ravenna, which governed the area of Italy that remained under Byzantine control after the recon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Age Of Justinian I
The reign of Justinian I, which began in 527, saw a period of extensive imperial conquests of former Roman territories (indicated in gree...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Age Of Justinian I
The reign of Justinian I, which began in 527, saw a period of extensive imperial conquests of former Roman territories (indicated in gree...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors
This is a list of the Emperors of the late Roman Empire, called Byzantine. The title of all Emperors listed preceding Heraclius was offic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire
The Western Roman Empire is the name given to the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian in 286 AD. It would e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mehmed Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Mehmed Ii - Conquest Of The Byzantine Empire
Two years after reclaiming the throne in 1451, Mehmed brought an end to the Byzantine Empire by capturing Constantinople in 1453 (during ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Army: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Army - The Armies Of The Middle Byzantine Period
Byzantine army - The Themata. Usually attributed to Heraclius, but actually initiated by his successor Constans II on the model of the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Constantinian Dynasty
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Jovian (Iovianus) (332 - 364, ruled 363 - 364) – Soldier, restored Christianity ... Se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Army: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Army - The Armies Of The Early Byzantine Empire
Just as the Byzantine Empire (Gr. Βυζαντινή Αυτοκρατορία or, more properly, Βασιλεία Ρωμαίων) was a c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Constantinian Dynasty 306-363
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Jovian (Iovianus) (332 - 364, ruled 363 - 364) – Soldier, restored Christianity ... Se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - From Roman To Byzantine In The East
Roman Empire - Under Constantine 330–337 and his sons 337–361. Constantinople would serve as the capital of Constantine the Great f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Army: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Army - The Armies Of The Late Byzantine Period
The decline of the 'theme' system, which had supplied large numbers of troops for the empire in earlier centuries, was a major factor in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Palaeologid Dynasty Restored To Constantinople
List of Byzantine Emperors - Ottomans. In 1453 Mehmed II overthrew the Byzantine Empire and claimed the title of Caesar; his successors...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman And Byzantine Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman And Byzantine Greece - Later Roman Empire
During the second and third centuries, Greece was divided into provinces including Achaea, Macedonia, and Moesia. During the reign of Dio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Macedonian Dynasty
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Michael VI the Bellicose (Μιχαήλ ΣΤ' ο Στρατιωτικός) (ruled 1056 - 105...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Byzantine Reconquest
Several times throughout the middle ages, the eastern Byzantine Empire managed to reconquer large areas of the west which had been occupi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Justinian Dynasty
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Phocas the Tyrant ( ? - 610, ruled 602 - 610) – usurper; betrayed by his son-in-law ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Byzantine Reconquest
Several times throughout the middle ages, the eastern Byzantine Empire managed to reconquer large areas of the West which had been occupi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Heraclian Dynasty
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Philippicus Bardanes (Φιλιππικός Βαρδάνης) (ruled 711 - 713) – Armenian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Phocid Dynasty
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Leo V the Armenian (Λέων Ε' ο Αρμένιος) (775 - 820, ruled 813 - 820) – Stra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Palaeologid Dynasty Restored To Constantinople 1259-1453
List of Byzantine Emperors - Ottomans. In 1453 Mehmed II overthrew the Byzantine Empire and claimed the title of Caesar; his successors...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Principality Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Principality Of Antioch - Antioch In The Byzantine Empire
After the fall of Edessa in 1144, Antioch was attacked by Nur ad-Din during the Second Crusade. Much of the eastern part of the Principal...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conrad Of Montferrat: Encyclopedia Ii - Conrad Of Montferrat - Conrad In The Byzantine Empire
In 1179, following the family's alliance with Manuel I Comnenos, Conrad led an army against Frederick Barbarossa's forces, then commanded...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Justinian Dynasty 518-602
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Phocas the Tyrant ( ? - 610, ruled 602 - 610) – usurper; betrayed by his son-in-law ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Heraclian Dynasty 610-695
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic 695-705. Leontius (Λεόντιος) (ruled 695 - 698) – Strategos (general); mutilated, d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Heraclian Dynasty 705-711
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic 711-717. Philippicus Bardanes (Φιλιππικός Βαρδάνης) (ruled 711 - 713) – ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Phocid Dynasty 802-813
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Leo V the Armenian (Λέων Ε' ο Αρμένιος) (775 - 820, ruled 813 - 820) – Stra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Macedonian Dynasty 867-1056
List of Byzantine Emperors - Non-dynastic. Michael VI the Bellicose (Μιχαήλ ΣΤ' ο Στρατιωτικός) (ruled 1056 - 105...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman And Byzantine Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman And Byzantine Greece - Further Invasions And Reorganization
Greece was raided again in Macedonia in 479 and 482 by the Ostrogoths. The Bulgars also raided Thrace and the rest of northern Greece in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman And Byzantine Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman And Byzantine Greece - Roman Greece
The Greek peninsula became a Roman protectorate in 146 BC, and the Aegean islands were added to this territory in 133. Athens and other G...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mehmed Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Mehmed Ii - Other Facts
He is also recognized as the first sultan to codify criminal and constitutional law long before Suleyman the Magnificent (also "the Lawma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mehmed Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Mehmed Ii - Other Facts
He is also recognized as the first sultan to codify criminal and constitutional law long before Suleyman the Magnificent (also "the Lawma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mehmed Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Mehmed Ii - Early Reign
He was born in Edirne (Adrianople, Jedreno), then a capital city of the Ottoman State, on March 30, 1432; his mother Huma Hatun was a dau...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman And Byzantine Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman And Byzantine Greece - Bulgar Invasions
Nicephorus I began to reconquer Slavic and Bulgar-held areas in the early 9th century. He resettled Anatolian families in Greece and the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman And Byzantine Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman And Byzantine Greece - Normans And Franks
Greece and the empire as a whole faced a new threat from the Normans of Sicily in the late 11th century. Robert Guiscard took Dyrrhachium...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Legacy Of The Roman Empire
Several states claiming to be the Roman Empire's successor arose, before as well as after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Historians' Viewpoints On The Evolution Of Imperial Rome
Because the empire of Rome lasted for such a long period of time (31 BC– 1453 AD), there are certain alternative names used by historia...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - The Empire After Constantine 337–395
Roman Empire - The sons of Constantine 337–361. The Empire was parted again among his three surviving sons. The Western Roman Empire ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fall Of Constantinople: Encyclopedia Ii - Fall Of Constantinople - Siege And Final Assault Of The City
Mehmed planned to attack the Theodosian Walls, the intricate series of walls and ditches protecting Constantinople from an attack from th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Tetrarchy 285–324 And Constantine The Great 324-337
The transition from a single united empire to the later divided Western and Eastern empires was a gradual transformation. In July, 285, D...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lydia: Encyclopedia Ii - Lydia - Byzantine And Later Period
Under the Byzantine emperor Haraclius (610-641), it became part of Anatolikon, one of the original themata, later of Thrakesion. While th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Historians' Viewpoints On The Evolution Of Imperial Rome
Because the empire of Rome lasted for such a long period of time (31 BC– 1453 AD), there are certain alternative names used by historia...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Historians' Viewpoints On The Evolution Of Imperial Rome
Because the empire of Rome lasted for such a long period of time (31 BC– 1453 AD), there are certain alternative names used by historia...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - The End Of The Western Empire 395–476
The year 476 AD is generally accepted as the end of the Western Roman Empire. In that year, Odoacer deposed his puppet Romulus Augustus (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Exarch: Encyclopedia Ii - Exarch - Ecclestiastical Exarchates
Exarch - Orthodox Churches. In the Orthodox Church, an exarch is still a prelate: an inspector of monasteries, a deputy of the Patriarc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Age Of Augustus 31 Bc–ad 14
Roman Empire - Political developments. As a matter of convenience, the Roman Empire is said to have begun with the constitutional settl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Five Good Emperors - The Antonine Dynasty 96 – 180
The next century came is known as the period of the "Five Good Emperors", in which the succession was peaceful though not dynastic and th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Two Military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings And Political Consequences
It was relativly easy to rule the Roman Empire, from the central capital of Rome, during peacetime. An eventual rebellion was expected an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fall Of Constantinople: Encyclopedia Ii - Fall Of Constantinople - Preparations
Mehmed, whose great-grandfather Bayezid I had previously built a fortress on the Asian side of the Bosporus called Anadolu Hisarı, now b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Crisis Of The 3rd Century 235–284
The Crisis of the is a commonly applied name for the crumbling and near collapse of the between . It is also called the period of the "mi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Severan Dynasty 193–235
The Severan dynasty includes the increasingly troubled reigns of Septimius Severus (193–211), Caracalla (211–217), Macrinus (217–21...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Julio-claudian Dynasty: Augustus' Heirs
Augustus, leaving no sons, was succeeded by his stepson Tiberius, the son of his wife Livia from her first marriage. Augustus was a scion...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern Focus And Re-division
Once again the Roman Empire was ruled by a single ruler, but with the death of Constantine in 337, civil war erupted among his three sons...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern Focus And Re-division
The Roman Empire was ruled by a single Emperor, but with the death of Constantine in 337 AD, civil war erupted among his three sons, divi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Tetrarchy 285–324
The transition from a single united empire to the later divided Western and Eastern empires was a gradual transformation. In July, 285, D...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Christian Empire 324–395
The beginning of the Roman Empire as a Christian empire lies in 313, with the Edict of Milan. The edict was signed under the reigns of Co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Age Of Augustus 31 Bc–ad 14
Roman Empire - Political developments. As a matter of convenience, the Roman Empire is held to have begun with the constitutional settl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Late Antiquity In The West 395–476
The year 476 AD is generally accepted as the end of the Western Roman Empire. In that year, Odoacer deposed his puppet Romulus Augustus (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fall Of Constantinople: Encyclopedia Ii - Fall Of Constantinople - Aftermath
Mehmed had promised his troops they could loot the city for three days, in accordance with ancient military tradition. He had also threat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Five Good Emperors - The Antonine Dynasty 96 – 180
The next century came is known as the period of the "Five Good Emperors", in which the succession was peaceful though not dynastic and th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Two Military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings And Political Consequences
It was relativly easy to rule the Roman Empire, from the central capital of Rome, during peacetime. A eventual rebellion was expected and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Two Military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings And Political Consequences
It was relativly easy to rule the Roman Empire, from the central capital of Rome, during peacetime. An eventual rebellion was expected an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Taranto: Encyclopedia Ii - Taranto - Roman And Byzantine Periods
Taranto - Roman Republic and Empire. In 122 BC a Roman colony was founded next to Taranto, according to the law proposed by Gaius Sempr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Severan Dynasty 193–235
The Severan dynasty includes the increasingly troubled reigns of Septimius Severus (193–211), Caracalla (211–217), Macrinus (217–21...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Empire - Julio-claudian Dynasty: Augustus' Heirs
Augustus, leaving no sons, was succeeded by his stepson Tiberius, the son of his wife Livia from her first marriage. Augustus was a scion...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Origins Of The Theological Great East-west Schism
Main article: East-West Schism At the beginning of Christianity the status and the office of the Bishop of Rome (who would latter become ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Crisis Of The 3rd Century
Starting on the 18th of March 235 AD with the assassination of the Emperor Alexander Severus, the Roman Empire fell into a period of fift...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Early Cultural Differences And Divisions Between East And West
As the Roman Republic expanded, it gradually reached a point in which the central goverment in Rome could not expect to rule effectively ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - The Legacy And The Final Conquest Of Rome
As the Western Roman Empire crumbled, the barbarian warlords who had conquered the provinces felt compelled to uphold many Roman laws and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - The Legacy And The Final Conquest Of Rome
As the Western Roman Empire crumbled, the barbarian warlords who had conquered the provinces felt compelled to uphold many Roman laws and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Crisis Of The 3rd Century
Rome and the Italian peninsula began to experience an economic slowdown as industries and money began to move outward. Starting on March ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Constantine The Great
Main article: Constantine The Great The system of the Tetrarchy quickly ran aground as the Western Empire's Constantius died unexpectedly...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Two Military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings And Political Consequences
It was relativly easy to rule the Roman Empire, from the central capital of Rome, during peacetime. A eventual rebellion was expected and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies And The Constantine Dynasty
Main article: Tetrarchy The external borders were largely quiet for the remainder of the Crisis of the Third Century, although between th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - List Of Western Roman Emperors
Gallic Emperors (259 to 273): Postumus: 259 to 268 Laelianus: 268 Usurper Marcus Aurelius Marius: 268 Victorinus: 268 to 271 Domitianus:...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - Two Military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings And Political Consequences
It was relativly easy to rule the empire, from its capital-city Rome, during peacetime. An eventual rebellion was expected and would happ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Roman Empire - The Origins Of The Theological Great East-west Schism
Main article: East-West Schism At the beginning of Christianity a office like the pope and even a organized and unified church didn´t ex...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Term Byzantine Empire
Main article: Names of the Greeks The name Byzantine Empire is derived from the original Greek name for Constantinople, Byzantium. The na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Decline And Fall Of The Byzantine Empire
Of all the turbulent events that occurred during its long life, The Fourth Crusade had the most devastating effect on the empire. Althoug...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Term Byzantine Empire
Main article: Names of the Greeks The name Byzantine Empire is derived from the original Greek name for Constantinople; Byzantium. The na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Decline And Fall Of The Byzantine Empire
Of all the turbulent events that occurred during its long life, The Fourth Crusade had the most devastating effect on the empire. Althoug...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Golden Era
The Eastern Roman Empire reached its height under the Macedonian emperors of the late 9th, 10th and early 11th centuries. During these ye...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Fight For Survival
The Eastern Roman Empire's loss of territory was offset to a degree by consolidation and an increased uniformity of rule. Emperor Heracli...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Early History
The Eastern Roman Empire was largely spared the difficulties of the west in the 3rd and 4th centuries (see Crisis of the Third Century) i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Legacy And Importance
Byzantium was arguably the only stable state in Europe during the Middle Ages. Its expert military and diplomatic power ensured inadverte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Comneni And The Crusaders
After Manzikert, a partial recovery was made possible due to the efforts of the Comnenian dynasty. The first emperor of this royal line, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Fight For Survival
The Eastern Roman Empire's loss of territory was offset to a degree by consolidation and an increased uniformity of rule. Emperor Heracli...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Legacy And Importance
It is said history is written by the winners, and no better example of this statement is shown in the treatment of the Byzantine Empire i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Golden Era
The Eastern Roman Empire reached its height under the Macedonian emperors of the late 9th, 10th and early 11th centuries. During these ye...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Early History
The Eastern Roman Empire was largely spared the difficulties of the west in the 3rd and 4th centuries (see Crisis of the Third Century) i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - The Comneni And The Crusaders
After Manzikert, a partial recovery was made possible due to the efforts of the Comnenian dynasty. The first emperor of this royal line, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Identity Continuity And Consciousness
"Byzantium may be defined as a multi-ethnic empire that emerged as a Christian empire, soon comprised the Hellenized empire of the East a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Underlying Reasons For Decline
Although the three competent Comnenan emperors, especially Manuel, had the power to expel the outnumbered Seljuks, there were a number of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Identity Continuity And Consciousness
"Byzantium may be defined as a multi-ethnic empire that emerged as a Christian empire, soon comprised the Hellenized empire of the East a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Identity, Continuity, And Consciousness
"Byzantium may be defined as a multi-ethnic empire that emerged as a Christian empire, soon comprised the Hellenized empire of the East a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Byzantine Empire - Underlying Reasons For Decline
Although the three competent Comnenan emperors, especially Manuel, had the power to expel the outnumbered Seljuks, there were a number of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Byzantine Emperors: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Byzantine Emperors - Palaeologid Dynasty Restored To Constantinople, 1259-1453
List of Byzantine Emperors - Ottomans. In 1453 Mehmed II overthrew the Byzantine Empire and claimed the title of Caesar; his successors...   » Read the article