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Bulgarian

A Wisdom Archive on Bulgarian

Bulgarian

A selection of articles related to Bulgarian

bulgarian

ARTICLES RELATED TO Bulgarian

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Fritz Witt - Paris - Kharkov

In the early months of 1942, Witt's battalion continued defensive actions along the Mius. In May 1942, the division went back on the offensive and Witt's battalion was again committed to action in the recapture of Rostov on Don. After over a month's heavy fighting, the city had fallen, and the exhausted division was ordered back to France to rest and refit. Witt had led his formation exceptionally over this period, and as a reflection, in the month of July 1942 he was awarded the Order of the Star of Romania, Officer Class with Swords on the Ribbon of Military Virtue, and the Bulgarian Military ...

See also:

Fritz Witt, Fritz Witt - Early Life - Pre-War SS Service, Fritz Witt - Early War Campaigns, Fritz Witt - Balkans - Barbarossa, Fritz Witt - Paris - Kharkov, Fritz Witt - Hitlerjugend Command, Fritz Witt - Normandy Invasion

Read more here: » Fritz Witt: Encyclopedia II - Fritz Witt - Paris - Kharkov

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - BBC World Service - Statistics and languages

The following audience estimates are from research conducted in 2004 by independent market research agencies on behalf of the BBC : English — 39 million Hindi — 16.1 million Urdu — 10.4 million Arabic — 12.4 million. In Africa and the Middle East the service broadcasts to 66 million listeners, of which 18.7 million are in English. Besides English, the BBC World Service broadcasts in Albanian, Arabic, Azeri, Bengali, Bulgarian, Burmese, Caribbean English, Cantonese, Cro ...

See also:

BBC World Service, BBC World Service - Statistics and languages, BBC World Service - History, BBC World Service - Transmission, BBC World Service - Interval signals, BBC World Service - News, BBC World Service - Foreign Language Broadcasting table

Read more here: » BBC World Service: Encyclopedia II - BBC World Service - Statistics and languages

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Gadulka - Construction

The body and neck of the instrument are carved out of one piece of wood, the body forming a bowl or gourd like a lute. The top (soundboard), of straight-grained softwood (pine???) is also carved, with a shallower arch. The overall construction is quite heavy compared to, say, a violin, though some gadulkas are exquisitely built. (The instrument generally lacks any real decoration or ornamentation, apart from the design of the peghead.) The bridge, placed between the two roughly "D"-shaped soundholes, has one foot placed on the top, while the ...

See also:

Gadulka, Gadulka - Construction, Gadulka - Tuning, Gadulka - Pronunciation

Read more here: » Gadulka: Encyclopedia II - Gadulka - Construction

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Georgi Dimitrov - Early career

A compositor active in the trade union movement in Sofia, Dimitrov joined the Social-Democratic Party of Bulgaria in 1902, and in 1903 followed Dimitâr Blagoev and his wing, as it formed the Social Democratic and Labour Party of Bulgaria ("The Narrow Party") - the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1919, when it affliated to Bolshevism and the Comintern. From 1904 to 1923, he was Secretary of the Trade Union Federation; in 1915 (during World War I) he was elected to the Bulgarian Parliament and opposed the voting o ...

See also:

Georgi Dimitrov, Georgi Dimitrov - Early career, Georgi Dimitrov - Leipzig Trial and Comintern leadership, Georgi Dimitrov - Leader of Bulgaria

Read more here: » Georgi Dimitrov: Encyclopedia II - Georgi Dimitrov - Early career

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Axis Powers - Lesser Axis nations

Axis Powers - Hungary. The first and most willing of the Central European Axis allies, Hungary started its collaboration with the fascist states of the Axis in 1927 signing a treaty with Italy. Formal and informal ties with Germany throughout the 1930s led to Hungary's active participation in subduing and dismantling of the Czechoslovak state, from which it obtained a number of territories. Hungary formally signed the tripartie pact on November 20, 1940< ...

See also:

Axis Powers, Axis Powers - Origins, Axis Powers - Lesser Axis nations, Axis Powers - Hungary, Axis Powers - Romania, Axis Powers - Bulgaria, Axis Powers - Yugoslavia, Axis Powers - Italian Social Republic, Axis Powers - Middle East, Axis Powers - South East Asia, Axis Powers - Countries in active or passive coalition with the Axis, Axis Powers - Finland, Axis Powers - Thailand, Axis Powers - Soviet Union, Axis Powers - Free India, Axis Powers - Spain, Axis Powers - Under direct internal Axis control, Axis Powers - Manchukuo Manchuria, Axis Powers - Mengjiang, Axis Powers - Nanjing puppet state, Axis Powers - Vichy France, Axis Powers - Lokot Republic, Axis Powers - Belarusian Central Rada, Axis Powers - Reichskommissariats of Ostland and Ukraine, Axis Powers - White Russian Client State in Soviet Far East, Axis Powers - Summary, Axis Powers - Secondary Sources

Read more here: » Axis Powers: Encyclopedia II - Axis Powers - Lesser Axis nations

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - 2006 - Predicted and scheduled events

2006 - January. January 15: First round of the Finnish presidential election Second round of the Chile presidential elections NASA's Stardust spacecraft mission ends. January 16 - Mordechai Vanunu to appear in Israeli court, charged with meeting foreigners. January 17 - NASA will launch the New Horizons spacecraft on its first mission to Pluto. January 21 - baptism of Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark and Crown Princess Mary of Denmark' ...

See also:

2006, 2006 - Events, 2006 - January, 2006 - Predicted and scheduled events, 2006 - January, 2006 - February, 2006 - March, 2006 - April, 2006 - May, 2006 - June, 2006 - July, 2006 - August, 2006 - September, 2006 - October, 2006 - November, 2006 - December, 2006 - Major Religious Holidays, 2006 - Unknown/undecided dates, 2006 - Deaths in 2006, 2006 - January, 2006 - 2006 in Fiction

Read more here: » 2006: Encyclopedia II - 2006 - Predicted and scheduled events

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Republic of Macedonia - History

The lands governed by the Republic of Macedonia were previously the southernmost part of Yugoslavia. Its current borders were fixed shortly after World War II when the government of Yugoslavia established the Socialist Republic of Macedonia, recognizing the Macedonians as a separate nation within Yugoslavia. Back in the past, these lands were part of a number of ancient states and former empires; Paionia, the kingdom of ancient Macedon (which gave its name to the whole Macedonian region), the Roman and Byzant ...

See also:

Republic of Macedonia, Republic of Macedonia - History, Republic of Macedonia - Politics, Republic of Macedonia - International relations, Republic of Macedonia - Naming dispute, Republic of Macedonia - Geography, Republic of Macedonia - Economy, Republic of Macedonia - Demographics, Republic of Macedonia - Population, Republic of Macedonia - Etnicities, Republic of Macedonia - Languages, Republic of Macedonia - Religion, Republic of Macedonia - Culture

Read more here: » Republic of Macedonia: Encyclopedia II - Republic of Macedonia - History

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Alexandroupoli - History

The city's history only goes back to the 19th century. Long used as a landing ground for fishermen from the coast of Samothrace opposite, the location was known as Dedeagatch (Greek: Dedeagats, and Dedeağaç in Turkish, meaning "tree of the monk"). The name was based on a local tradition of a wise dervish having spent much of his time in the shade of a local tree and being eventually buried beside it. A small settlement developed in the area during the construction of a railway line connecting Constantinople to the majo ...

See also:

Alexandroupoli, Alexandroupoli - Geography, Alexandroupoli - History, Alexandroupoli - Other, Alexandroupoli - Historical population

Read more here: » Alexandroupoli: Encyclopedia II - Alexandroupoli - History

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - André the Giant - Career

Roussimoff was one of the best known and most respected professional wrestlers in the world. Born to French parents of Bulgarian and Polish descent in a small farm near Ussy-sur-Marne, he left home in his adolescence to become a pro wrestler. He was billed at a height of 7'4" (2.24m) and sometimes 7'5" (2.26m) with a weight which ranged from 380 to 525 pounds. His correct height is contested but the last time he was legitimately measured at the age of 24, he was 6 feet and 9 3/4 inches tall (2.08m) 1. The great exaggeration of his ...

See also:

André the Giant, André the Giant - Career, André the Giant - Legacy, André the Giant - Personal Life, André the Giant - Additional facts, André the Giant - Managers, André the Giant - Finishing and signature moves, André the Giant - Filmography, André the Giant - Championships and accomplishments, André the Giant - Video games

Read more here: » André the Giant: Encyclopedia II - André the Giant - Career

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Tambura - Bulgaria

The Bulgarian tambura is a long-necked, fretted, bouzouki-like string instrument that comes in two styles: eight-string (four pairs) and four-string (two pairs), played with a plectrum. The Bulgarian tambura is played two ways. As an accompaniment instrument, it is tuned similarly to the first four strings of a guitar and played as such. As a melody instument, it is tuned in fifths, with the strings that aren't being played for melody sounding as drones. See also Mus ...

See also:

Tambura, Tambura - Bulgaria, Tambura - Croatia, Tambura - India

Read more here: » Tambura: Encyclopedia II - Tambura - Bulgaria

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Georgi Kitov - Finding the Thracian tomb

On August 19, 2004 Kitov discovered a gold mask in a 5th century BC burial mound outside the town of Shipka in a place he later named Golyamata Kosmatka. On September 21 he began an excavation of the mound with 12 others, including private security guards, and soon unearthed a large bronze head. Three days later he found the entrance of a tomb. Instead of the more usual archaeological methods, Kitov used three large earthmoving machines. He claimed that he had to work quickly to deter looters. On October 4 Kitov and his team founded a large marble door. Later that night they entered a chambe ...

See also:

Georgi Kitov, Georgi Kitov - Finding the Thracian tomb, Georgi Kitov - Professional criticism

Read more here: » Georgi Kitov: Encyclopedia II - Georgi Kitov - Finding the Thracian tomb

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Bagpipes - Types

There are many kinds of bagpipes; the following is an overview of some of the most common: Bagpipes - The great highland bagpipe. Probably the most well known are the Great Highland Bagpipes (abbreviated GHBs, and commonly referred to simply as "pipes"), which were developed in Scotland and Ireland. The picture at right shows a set of Great Highland Bagpipes. A modern set has a bag, a chanter, a blowpipe, two tenor drones, and one bass drone. The scale on the chanter is approximately in mixolydian w ...

See also:

Bagpipes, Bagpipes - Overview, Bagpipes - History, Bagpipes - Types, Bagpipes - The great highland bagpipe, Bagpipes - The Irish Uilleann bagpipe, Bagpipes - The Northumbrian smallpipe, Bagpipes - The Scottish smallpipe, Bagpipes - The biniou, Bagpipes - French and Occitan bagpipes, Bagpipes - The border pipe, Bagpipes - The gaita, Bagpipes - The Brian Boru bagpipe, Bagpipes - Categories, Bagpipes - Other types, Bagpipes - Bagpipes in non-traditional forms of music, Bagpipes - Classical works featuring bagpipes, Bagpipes - Bagpipes in jazz, Bagpipes - Bagpipes in rock, Bagpipes - Bagpipes in other forms of music, Bagpipes - Bagpipe aphorisms, Bagpipes - Bagpipe humour, Bagpipes - Notes

Read more here: » Bagpipes: Encyclopedia II - Bagpipes - Types

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Slavic mythology - Cosmology

According to the Book of Veles, Slavic religion recognizes three realms: Jav, Prav and Nav, Yav being the material world, Nav the immaterial, and Prav being the laws that govern them. The emphasis on the three realms is particularly characteristic for the Slavic neopaganists that draw on the Book of Veles. The main symbol of ancient Slavic cosmogonic ideas was the World Tree. Slavs imagined that all three realms are vertically situated on a gigantic oak tree, that holds the whole Universe. In its crown was Slavic Heaven/paradise, so c ...

See also:

Slavic mythology, Slavic mythology - Primary sources, Slavic mythology - Cosmology, Slavic mythology - Major feasts, Slavic mythology - Gods, Slavic mythology - Supreme god, Slavic mythology - Pantheon, Slavic mythology - Locations, Slavic mythology - Mythical creatures, Slavic mythology - Mythical persons, Slavic mythology - Spirits, Slavic mythology - Slavic folk medicine and magic, Slavic mythology - Circles

Read more here: » Slavic mythology: Encyclopedia II - Slavic mythology - Cosmology

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Pochayiv Lavra - History

Pochayiv Lavra - Origins. A first record of the monastery in Pochayiv dates back to 1527, although a local tradition claims that it was established three centuries earlier, during the Mongol invasion, by several runaway monks, either from the Kiev Monastery of the Caves or from the Holy Mountain. The legend has it that the Theotokos appeared to the monks in the shape of a column of fire, leaving her footprint in the rock she stood upon. This imprint came to be revered by the local population and brethren for the curative, medicinal pr ...

See also:

Pochayiv Lavra, Pochayiv Lavra - History, Pochayiv Lavra - Origins, Pochayiv Lavra - St Job of Pochayiv, Pochayiv Lavra - In union with Rome, Pochayiv Lavra - Between Poland and Russia, Pochayiv Lavra - Recent history, Pochayiv Lavra - Attractions

Read more here: » Pochayiv Lavra: Encyclopedia II - Pochayiv Lavra - History

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Plovdiv - History

Plovdiv is one of the oldest cities of Europe, being older than Rome, Athens and Constantinople. The first traces of civilization at the place date from the Mycenaean period. Known at the time as a Thracian fortified settlement named Eumolpia, in 342 BCE it was conquered by Philip II of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great, who renamed it Philippopolis. It was later independent under the Greeks, until it was incorporated into the Roman Empire, under which it was called Trimontium (City of Three Hills) and served ...

See also:

Plovdiv, Plovdiv - History, Plovdiv - Economy, Plovdiv - Sights, Plovdiv - Sports, Plovdiv - Notable citizens of Plovdiv, Plovdiv - Twinning, Plovdiv - Universities

Read more here: » Plovdiv: Encyclopedia II - Plovdiv - History

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Pita - Eating habits

Pita is used to scoop sauces or dips such as hummus and to wrap sandwiches such as kebabs, gyros or falafel. Most pita breads are baked at high temperatures (+700°F) causing the flattened rounds of dough to puff up dramatically. Once removed from the oven, the baked dough remains separated inside the deflated pita. This allows pita bread to be sliced and opened into pockets, creating a space for var ...

See also:

Pita, Pita - Etymology, Pita - Eating habits, Pita - Pita in Bulgarian cuisine

Read more here: » Pita: Encyclopedia II - Pita - Eating habits

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Polymorphic code - Example

An algorithm that uses, for example, the variables A and B but not the variable C could stay intact even if you added lots of codes that changed the content in the variable C. The original algorithm: Start: GOTO Decryption_Code Encrypted: ... lots of encrypted code ... Decryption_Code: *A = Encrypted Loop: B = *A B = B XOR CryptoKey *A = B A = A + 1 GOTO Loop IF NOT A = (Decryption_Code - Encrypted) GOTO Encrypted CryptoKey: some_random_number The same algorithm, bu ...

See also:

Polymorphic code, Polymorphic code - Example

Read more here: » Polymorphic code: Encyclopedia II - Polymorphic code - Example

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Gmail - Features

Gmail includes a number of original features as well as improvements upon those standard to web mail services. Gmail - Conversation views. The main innovation of Gmail is its method of categorizing e-mails, which Google calls Conversation View. In contrast to other e-mail services, Gmail keeps track of individual "conversations" (an original message, along with all the replies to that message), and allows users to view easily all the e-mails related to a specific message. Gmail's algorithm for determining ...

See also:

Gmail, Gmail - Features, Gmail - Conversation views, Gmail - Filtering, Gmail - Two gigabytes of storage, Gmail - Auto Save Enhancement, Gmail - Contacts, Gmail - Interface, Gmail - Keyboard shortcuts, Gmail - Labels instead of folders, Gmail - Searching, Gmail - Spam filtering, Gmail - Email signing, Gmail - POP3 access, Gmail - Rich Text Formatting, Gmail - Username handling, Gmail - Plus-addressing, Gmail - Gmail Notifier, Gmail - Multi language support, Gmail - RSS feeds, Gmail - Dormant accounts, Gmail - Anti-virus scanning, Gmail - Text encoding, Gmail - Limitations, Gmail - Absent Features, Gmail - Differences between Interfaces, Gmail - Bugs, Gmail - Development, Gmail - Beta testing phase, Gmail - History, Gmail - Different languages, Gmail - Lockdown in sector 4, Gmail - Competition, Gmail - Name change, Gmail - Gmail in Germany, Gmail - Gmail in the UK, Gmail - Privacy, Gmail - Add-Ins, Gmail - Other email Providers

Read more here: » Gmail: Encyclopedia II - Gmail - Features

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Balkans - Definitions and boundaries

Balkans - Balkan Peninsula. The Balkans are sometimes referred to as the "Balkan Peninsula" as they are surrounded by water on three sides: the Black Sea to the east and branches of the Mediterranean Sea to the south and west (including the Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean and Marmara seas). While it is not geographically a peninsula as it has no isthmus to connect it to the mainland of Europe, this name is nonetheless commonly used to denote the wider region. ...

See also:

Balkans, Balkans - Definitions and boundaries, Balkans - Balkan Peninsula, Balkans - The Balkans, Balkans - Etymology and evolving meaning, Balkans - Southeastern Europe, Balkans - Ambiguities and controversies, Balkans - Current common definition, Balkans - Related countries, Balkans - Nature and natural resources, Balkans - History and geopolitical significance, Balkans - Population composition by nationality and religion

Read more here: » Balkans: Encyclopedia II - Balkans - Definitions and boundaries

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Ghena Dimitrova - Early Career

Ghena Dimitrova was born in the Bulgarian village of Beglej in 1941. She starting singing in the school choir and her powerful voice led to her being offered a place at the Sofia Conservatory studying under Cristo Brambarov between 1959 and 1964. While she was initially classified as a mezzo-soprano, she was recognised as a soprano in her second year. After finishing her studies at the Sofia Conservatory, she started teaching singing. Her debut came in the mid-1960's as Abigaille in a Bulgarian National Opera production of Verdi's ...

See also:

Ghena Dimitrova, Ghena Dimitrova - Early Career, Ghena Dimitrova - International Career

Read more here: » Ghena Dimitrova: Encyclopedia II - Ghena Dimitrova - Early Career

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Glagolitic alphabet - History

Middle Bronze Age 19-15th c. BC Proto-Canaanite 14th c. BC Ugaritic 13th c. BC Phoenician 11th c. BC Samaritan 6th c. BC Aramaic 9th c. BC Brāhmī 6th c. BC Hebrew 3rd c. BC Syriac 2nd c. BC Avestan 3th c. Arabic 4th c. Greek 8th c. BC Old Italic 8th c. BC Latin 7th c. BC Runes 2nd c. Gothic 4th c. Armenian 405 Glagolitic 862 Cyril ...

See also:

Glagolitic alphabet, Glagolitic alphabet - History, Glagolitic alphabet - Names, Glagolitic alphabet - Characteristics, Glagolitic alphabet - Unicode, Glagolitic alphabet - In popular culture, Glagolitic alphabet - Literature

Read more here: » Glagolitic alphabet: Encyclopedia II - Glagolitic alphabet - History

Bulgarian: Encyclopedia II - Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - International disputes

Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - Albania. The Albanian government calls for the protection of the rights of ethnic Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia while continuing to seek regional cooperation. The 2001 conflict in Macedonia between Macedonia's majority Macedonians and minority Albanians caused some tensions between the two countries. However, the subsequent peace agreement and the implementation of greater rights for ethnic Albanians has helped to stabilise the situation ...

See also:

Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - International recognition, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - International disputes, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - Albania, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - Bulgaria, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - Greece, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - Serbia and Montenegro, Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - Transnational issues

Read more here: » Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia: Encyclopedia II - Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia - International disputes

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