Broadband Internet access, often shortened to "broadband Internet" or just "broadband" is a high data-transmission rate internet connection. DSL and cable modem, both popular consumer broadband technologies, are typically capable of transmitting 256 kilobits per second or more, approximately nine times the speed of a modem using a standard digital telephone line. Broadband Internet access became a rapidly developing market in many areas in the early 2000s; one study found that broadband Internet usage in the Unite ...

Including:

• Broadband Internet access - Overview
• Broadband Internet access - Technology
• Broadband Internet access - Satellite Internet
• Broadband Internet access - Remote DSL
• Broadband Internet access - DSL repeater
• Broadband Internet access - Power-Line Internet
• Broadband Internet access - Wireless ISP
• Broadband Internet access - T-1/DS-1
• Broadband Internet access - Broadband issues by country
• Broadband Internet access - Australia
• Broadband Internet access - Brazil
• Broadband Internet access - Canada
• Broadband Internet access - France
• Broadband Internet access - Hong Kong
• Broadband Internet access - Ireland
• Broadband Internet access - India
• Broadband Internet access - Japan
• Broadband Internet access - Malta
• Broadband Internet access - New Zealand
• Broadband Internet access - Singapore
• Broadband Internet access - South Korea
• Broadband Internet access - Sweden
• Broadband Internet access - United Kingdom
• Broadband Internet access - United States

Read more here: » Broadband Internet access: Encyclopedia - Broadband Internet access

The standard technology in most areas is DSL, followed by cable modem. Newer technologies for twisted pair phone lines such as VDSL and pushing fiber optic connections closer to the subscriber in both telephone and cable plants are opening up the possibility of higher performance for streaming data, such as audio and video streams. There are now many streaming audio services, and several streaming video services. In a few of the many areas not served by cable or ADSL, commu ...

See also:

Broadband Internet access, Broadband Internet access - Overview, Broadband Internet access - Technology, Broadband Internet access - Satellite Internet, Broadband Internet access - Remote DSL, Broadband Internet access - DSL repeater, Broadband Internet access - Power-Line Internet, Broadband Internet access - Wireless ISP, Broadband Internet access - T-1/DS-1, Broadband Internet access - Broadband issues by country, Broadband Internet access - Australia, Broadband Internet access - Brazil, Broadband Internet access - Canada, Broadband Internet access - France, Broadband Internet access - Hong Kong, Broadband Internet access - Ireland, Broadband Internet access - India, Broadband Internet access - Japan, Broadband Internet access - Malta, Broadband Internet access - New Zealand, Broadband Internet access - Singapore, Broadband Internet access - South Korea, Broadband Internet access - Sweden, Broadband Internet access - United Kingdom, Broadband Internet access - United States

Read more here: » Broadband Internet access: Encyclopedia II - Broadband Internet access - Technology

A cable modem is a special type of modem that is designed to modulate a data signal over cable television infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access, taking advantage of unused bandwidth on a cable television network. There were 22.5 million cable modem users in the United States during Q1 2005. That's up from 17.4 million in Q1 2004. It is also commonly found in Latin America. Cable modems should not be confused with older LAN systems such as 10base2 or 10base5 that used coaxial cables ...

Including:

• Cable modem - Cable Internet Access
• Cable modem - CDLP
• Cable modem - Cable Modems and VoIP
• Cable modem - Cable modem manufacturers

Read more here: » Cable modem: Encyclopedia - Cable modem

The term cable Internet access (or simply cable) refers to the delivery of Internet service over this infrastucture. Along with DSL technology, cable modems ushered in the age of broadband Internet access in developed countries. Cable modems usually deliver speeds comparable to that of DSL, however, DSL modems generally have better upload speeds. Prior to the availability of such systems, Internet access involved slow dia ...

See also:

Cable modem, Cable modem - Cable Internet Access, Cable modem - CDLP, Cable modem - Cable Modems and VoIP, Cable modem - Cable modem manufacturers

Read more here: » Cable modem: Encyclopedia II - Cable modem - Cable Internet Access

The local loop of the Public Switched Telephone Network was initially designed to carry POTS voice communication and signaling, since the concept of data communications as we know it today did not exist. For reasons of economy, the phone system nominally passes audio between 300 and 3,400 Hz, which is regarded as the range required for human speech to be clearly intelligible. This is known as commercial bandwidth. Dial-up services using modems are con ...

See also:

Digital Subscriber Line, Digital Subscriber Line - History, Digital Subscriber Line - Operation, Digital Subscriber Line - Equipment, Digital Subscriber Line - Protocols and configurations, Digital Subscriber Line - DSL technologies, Digital Subscriber Line - Transmission methods

Read more here: » Digital Subscriber Line: Encyclopedia II - Digital Subscriber Line - Operation

Broadband in general refers to data transmission where multiple pieces of data are sent simultaneously to increase the effective rate of transmission. In network engineering this term is used for methods where two or more signals share a medium. Various forms of Digital Subscriber Line service are broadband in the sense that digital information is sent over one channel and voice over another channel sharing a single pair of wires. Analog modems operating at speeds greater than 600 bit/s are technically broadband. They ob ...

Including:

• Broadband - Multiplexing
• Broadband - Confusing usage

Read more here: » Broadband: Encyclopedia - Broadband

Location in Massachusetts Boston is the capital and largest city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. It is the unofficial capital of the region known as New England, and one of the oldest, wealthiest, and most culturally significant large cities in the United States. Its economy is based on education, health care, finance, and technology. Boston has many nicknames. The City on a Hill came from the original Massachusetts Bay Colony's governor John Winthrop's goal to create the biblical ...

Including:

• Boston Massachusetts - History
• Boston Massachusetts - Geography and climate
• Boston Massachusetts - Geography
• Boston Massachusetts - Climate
• Boston Massachusetts - Demographics
• Boston Massachusetts - Law and government
• Boston Massachusetts - Economy
• Boston Massachusetts - Education
• Boston Massachusetts - Colleges and universities
• Boston Massachusetts - Primary and secondary schools
• Boston Massachusetts - Culture
• Boston Massachusetts - Media
• Boston Massachusetts - Sites of interest
• Boston Massachusetts - Sports
• Boston Massachusetts - Infrastructure
• Boston Massachusetts - Health and medicine
• Boston Massachusetts - Transportation
• Boston Massachusetts - Utilities
• Boston Massachusetts - Notes

Read more here: » Boston Massachusetts: Encyclopedia - Boston Massachusetts

CDLP is a proprietary standard made by Motorola. CDLP CPE was capable of both RF (Cable Network) and PSTN return paths. The standard is more or less defunct now with new providers using DOCSIS and existing providers changing. Sample Motorola CDLP Modem The Australian ISP BigPond employed this system gywhen it started Cable Modem trials in 1996. For a number of years cable Internet access was only available to Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane via CDLP. This network ran parallel to the newer DOCSIS system for a number of years. In 2004 the CDLP network was switche ...

See also:

Cable modem, Cable modem - Cable Internet Access, Cable modem - CDLP, Cable modem - Cable Modems and VoIP, Cable modem - Cable modem manufacturers

Read more here: » Cable modem: Encyclopedia II - Cable modem - CDLP

The origin of Digital Subscriber Line technology dates back to 1988, when engineers at Bellcore (now Telcordia Technologies) devised a way to carry a digital signal over the unused frequency spectrum available on the twisted pair cables running between the telephone company's central office and the customer premises. Implementation of DSL could permit an ordinary telephone line to provide digital communication without interfering with voice services. However, incumbent local exchange carriers (ILEC) were not enthusiastic about DSL, si ...

See also:

Digital Subscriber Line, Digital Subscriber Line - History, Digital Subscriber Line - Operation, Digital Subscriber Line - Equipment, Digital Subscriber Line - Protocols and configurations, Digital Subscriber Line - DSL technologies, Digital Subscriber Line - Transmission methods

Read more here: » Digital Subscriber Line: Encyclopedia II - Digital Subscriber Line - History

With the advent of Voice over IP telephony, cable modems can also be used to provide telephone service. Many people who have cable modems have opted to eliminate their Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS). Because most telephone companies do not offer naked DSL (DSL service without a POTS line), many VoIP users prefer cable modems. VoIP and other new data services that require broadband Internet access are driving demand for increased bandwidth delivery via cable modems. As of 2005, several national cable systems in the United States have announced ...

See also:

Cable modem, Cable modem - Cable Internet Access, Cable modem - CDLP, Cable modem - Cable Modems and VoIP, Cable modem - Cable modem manufacturers

Read more here: » Cable modem: Encyclopedia II - Cable modem - Cable Modems and VoIP

CDLP is a proprietary standard made by Motorola. CDLP CPE was capable of both RF (Cable Network) and PSTN return paths. The standard is more or less defunct now with new providers using DOCSIS and existing providers changing. Sample Motorola CDLP Modem The Australian ISP BigPond employed this system when it started Cable Modem trials in 1996. For a number of years cable Internet access was only available to Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane via CDLP. This network ran parallel to the newer DOCSIS system for a number of years. In 2004 the CDLP network was switche ...

See also:

Cable modem, Cable modem - Cable Internet Access, Cable modem - CDLP, Cable modem - Cable Modems and VoIP, Cable modem - Cable modem manufacturers

Read more here: » Cable modem: Encyclopedia II - Cable modem - CDLP

The line length limitations from telephone exchange to subscriber are more restrictive for higher data transmission rates. Technologies such as VDSL provide very high speed, short-range links as a method of delivering "triple play" services (typically implemented in fiber to the curb network architectures). Example DSL technologies (sometimes called xDSL) include: High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL), covered in this article Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL), a standardised version of HDSLSee also:

Digital Subscriber Line, Digital Subscriber Line - History, Digital Subscriber Line - Operation, Digital Subscriber Line - Equipment, Digital Subscriber Line - Protocols and configurations, Digital Subscriber Line - DSL technologies, Digital Subscriber Line - Transmission methods

Read more here: » Digital Subscriber Line: Encyclopedia II - Digital Subscriber Line - DSL technologies

The subscriber end of the connection consists of a DSL modem. This converts data from the digital signals used by computers into a voltage signal of a suitable frequency range which is then applied to the phone line. In the early days of DSL, installation required a technician to visit the premises. A "splitter" was installed near the demarcation point, from which a dedicated data line was installed. Today, many DSL vendors offer a self-install option, in which they ship equipment and instructions to the customer. In this case, since ...

See also:

Digital Subscriber Line, Digital Subscriber Line - History, Digital Subscriber Line - Operation, Digital Subscriber Line - Equipment, Digital Subscriber Line - Protocols and configurations, Digital Subscriber Line - DSL technologies, Digital Subscriber Line - Transmission methods

Read more here: » Digital Subscriber Line: Encyclopedia II - Digital Subscriber Line - Equipment

Many DSL technologies implement an ATM layer over the low-level bitstream layer to enable the adaptation of a number of different technologies over the same link. DSL implementations may create bridged or routed networks. In a bridged configuration, the group of subscriber computers effectively connect into a single subnet. The earliest implementations used DHCP to provide network details such as the IP address to the subscriber equipment, with authentication via MAC address or an assigned host name. Later implementations often use PPP over Ethernet or ATM (PPPoE or PPPoA), while authenticating with a ...

See also:

Digital Subscriber Line, Digital Subscriber Line - History, Digital Subscriber Line - Operation, Digital Subscriber Line - Equipment, Digital Subscriber Line - Protocols and configurations, Digital Subscriber Line - DSL technologies, Digital Subscriber Line - Transmission methods

Read more here: » Digital Subscriber Line: Encyclopedia II - Digital Subscriber Line - Protocols and configurations

Boston was founded on September 17, 1630, on a peninsula called Shawmut by its original Native American inhabitants. The peninsula was connected to the mainland by a narrow isthmus, and surrounded by the waters of Massachusetts Bay and the marshes at the mouth of the Charles River. Boston's early European settlers first called the area Trimountain. They later renamed the town for Boston, England, in Lincolnshire, from which several prominent "pilgrim" colonists emigrated. A majority of Boston's early citizens were Puritans. Mas ...

See also:

Boston Massachusetts, Boston Massachusetts - History, Boston Massachusetts - Geography and climate, Boston Massachusetts - Geography, Boston Massachusetts - Climate, Boston Massachusetts - Demographics, Boston Massachusetts - Law and government, Boston Massachusetts - Economy, Boston Massachusetts - Education, Boston Massachusetts - Colleges and universities, Boston Massachusetts - Primary and secondary schools, Boston Massachusetts - Culture, Boston Massachusetts - Media, Boston Massachusetts - Sites of interest, Boston Massachusetts - Sports, Boston Massachusetts - Infrastructure, Boston Massachusetts - Health and medicine, Boston Massachusetts - Transportation, Boston Massachusetts - Utilities, Boston Massachusetts - Notes

Read more here: » Boston Massachusetts: Encyclopedia II - Boston Massachusetts - History

Boston was founded on September 17, 1630, on a peninsula called Shawmut by its original Native American inhabitants. The peninsula was connected to the mainland by a narrow isthmus, and surrounded by the waters of Massachusetts Bay and the marshes at the mouth of the Charles River. Boston's early European settlers first called the area Trimountain. They later renamed the town for Boston, England, in Lincolnshire, from which several prominent colonists emigrated. A majority of Boston's early citizens were Puritans. Massachusetts ...

See also:

Boston Massachusetts, Boston Massachusetts - History, Boston Massachusetts - Geography and climate, Boston Massachusetts - Geography, Boston Massachusetts - Climate, Boston Massachusetts - Demographics, Boston Massachusetts - Law and government, Boston Massachusetts - Economy, Boston Massachusetts - Education, Boston Massachusetts - Colleges and universities, Boston Massachusetts - Primary and secondary schools, Boston Massachusetts - Culture, Boston Massachusetts - Media, Boston Massachusetts - Sites of interest, Boston Massachusetts - Sports, Boston Massachusetts - Infrastructure, Boston Massachusetts - Health and medicine, Boston Massachusetts - Transportation, Boston Massachusetts - Utilities, Boston Massachusetts - Notes

Read more here: » Boston Massachusetts: Encyclopedia II - Boston Massachusetts - History

Prior to the arrival of settlers in mid-1800s, Shasta Indians lived in the valley along the creek approximately where Ashland is located. Early hunters and trappers, following the Siskiyou Trail, passed through the site in the 1820s. In the early 1850s, the Donation Land Act brought many white settlers into the Rogue Valley and in conflict with its native people. These often violent clashes continued until 1856. Gold was discovered near Jacksonville in 1851, contributing to the influx of settlers. Several men arrived to camp in what is now the Ashland area in January of 1852: Abel Helman, Eber Emery and his b ...

See also:

Ashland Oregon, Ashland Oregon - History, Ashland Oregon - Institutions and cultural events, Ashland Oregon - Geography, Ashland Oregon - Demographics, Ashland Oregon - Economy

Read more here: » Ashland Oregon: Encyclopedia II - Ashland Oregon - History

Dial-up requires no additional infrastructure on top of the telephone network. As telephone points are available throughout the world, dial-up remains useful to travellers. Dial-up is usually the only choice available for most rural or remote areas where getting a broadband connection is impossible due to low population and demand, but services like Direcway, internet accessable by satellite, make this reason obsolete. Sometimes, dial-up access may also be an alternative to people who have limited budgets, though broadband is now increasingly avail ...

See also:

Dial-up access, Dial-up access - Availability, Dial-up access - Performance

Read more here: » Dial-up access: Encyclopedia II - Dial-up access - Availability

Dial-up requires no additional infrastructure on top of the telephone network. As telephone points are available throughout the world, dial-up remains useful to travellers. Dial-up is usually the only choice available for most rural or remote areas where getting a broadband connection is impossible due to low population and demand. Sometimes, dial-up access may also be an alternative to people who have limited budgets, though broadband is now increasingly avail ...

See also:

Dial-up access, Dial-up access - Availability, Dial-up access - Performance

Read more here: » Dial-up access: Encyclopedia II - Dial-up access - Availability

Internet Explorer comes under heavy scrutiny from the computer security research community, in part due to its sheer ubiquity. Exploitation of Internet Explorer's security holes has earned IE the reputation as the least secure of the major browsers. As of December 16, 2005, security advisory site Secunia counted 21 unpatched security flaws for Internet Explorer 6, many more and older than for any other browser, even in each individual criticality-level, although some of these flaws only affect Internet Explorer when running on certain ve ...

See also:

Criticisms of Internet Explorer, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Criticisms regarding security, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Component Object Model, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Patches, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Spyware adware and Windows XP SP2, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Criticisms regarding support of open standards, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Graphics standards, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - XHTML, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - HTTP and MIME, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - CSS, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - JavaScript and DOM, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Plugin API, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Unicode, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Workarounds, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Other criticisms, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Increased Download Size, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Inaccurate Name, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Unclear Error Messages, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Lack of Development 2001-2005, Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Footnotes

Read more here: » Criticisms of Internet Explorer: Encyclopedia II - Criticisms of Internet Explorer - Criticisms regarding security