The Book of Tobit (or Book of Tobias in older Catholic Bibles) is a book of scripture that is part of the Catholic and Orthodox biblical canon, pronounced canonical by the Council of Carthage of 397 and confirmed for Roman Catholics by the Council of Trent (1546). Tobit is regarded by Protestants as apocryphal. It has never been considered an integral part of the Tanach, the Hebrew Old Testament, but Aramaic and Hebrew fragments of the book were discovered in Cave IV at Qumran in 1955. These fragments are generally in ag ...

Including:

• Book of Tobit - Narrative
• Book of Tobit - Significance
• Book of Tobit - Date of composition
• Book of Tobit - External references

Read more here: » Book of Tobit: Encyclopedia - Book of Tobit

See also:

Book of Tobit, Book of Tobit - Narrative, Book of Tobit - Significance, Book of Tobit - Date of composition, Book of Tobit - External references

Read more here: » Book of Tobit: Encyclopedia II - Book of Tobit - Narrative

Catholics list the book of Tobit among the "historical books" of the Bible, but most scholars regard it more as a religious novel with certain historical elements. Many of the historical details in the book contradict what is known about the history of the period from extra-Biblical sources. In the past, Catholic Bible scholars have provided a variety of ways for explaining these apparent discrepancies. The book is also closely related to Jewish wisdom literature. Nowhere is this clearer than in Tobit's instructions to Tobias before h ...

See also:

Book of Tobit, Book of Tobit - Narrative, Book of Tobit - Significance, Book of Tobit - Date of composition, Book of Tobit - External references

Read more here: » Book of Tobit: Encyclopedia II - Book of Tobit - Significance

Asmodai (also Asmodeus, Asmodaeus) is mostly known thanks to the deuterocanonical Book of Tobit; he is also mentioned in some Talmudic legends and in demonology. His origin is thought by some skeptics to be the Mazdian (Zoroastrian) religion. They believe that he was incorporated into Judaism and Christianity probably during Persian Achaemenid's rule over Jews. Asmodai - The Persian Asmodai. In Mazdeism, Æshma-deva (Asmodai) is the chief of all demons, a personal being under direct com ...

Including:

• Asmodai - The Persian Asmodai
• Asmodai - Asmodai in Judaism
• Asmodai - Asmodai in demonology
• Asmodai - Asmodai in fiction

Read more here: » Asmodai: Encyclopedia - Asmodai

The Book of Judith is a deuterocanonical book, included in the Septuagint and in the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Christian Old Testament of the Bible, but excluded by Jews and Protestants. The book's numerous historical anachronisms mean that few accept it now as reliable history — it has been considered a parable, or perhaps the first historical novel. The name Judith is Hebrew (יְהוּדִית "Praised" or "Jewess", Standard Hebrew Yəhudit, Tiberian Hebre ...

Read more here: » Book of Judith: Encyclopedia - Book of Judith

Maria Gowen (or Gowan) Brooks (1794 - 1845) was an American poetess. She was born Abigail Gowen in Medford, Massachusetts. Her father was a man of literary tastes, and she was exposed to a lot of poetry at home; by age nine, she had memorized a large quantity of prose. Unfortunately, when Abigail was 13, her father died, bankrupt. She immediately came under the care of a Boston merchant named John Brooks. He was a man more than thirty years older than her, to whom she had already been betrothed. She finishe ...

Read more here: » Maria Gowen Brooks: Encyclopedia - Maria Gowen Brooks

The Book of Esther is a book of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) and of the Old Testament. The Book of Esther or the Megillah is the basis for the Jewish celebration of Purim. Its full text is read aloud twice during the celebration. Book of Esther - Setting. The Biblical Book of Esther is set in the third year of Ahasuerus, a king of Persia usually identified with Xerxes I, although other identifications have been suggested. It tells a tale of palace intrigue, attempted genocide and a ...

Including:

• Book of Esther - Setting
• Book of Esther - Plot Summary
• Book of Esther - Authorship and date
• Book of Esther - Debate over historicity
• Book of Esther - Interpretation of Esther as an allegory of Babylonian Mythology
• Book of Esther - Historical reading
• Book of Esther - Narrative reading
• Book of Esther - Allegorical Reading
• Book of Esther - Relation To Other Books In the Bible
• Book of Esther - Additions to Esther
• Book of Esther - Reinterpretations of the story

Read more here: » Book of Esther: Encyclopedia - Book of Esther

History of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth The Apostles Ecumenical councils Great Schism The Crusades Reformation The Trinity God the Father Christ the Son The Holy Spirit The Bible Old Testament New Testament Apocrypha The Gospels Ten Commandments Sermon on the Mount Christian theology Salvation · Grace Christian worship Christian Church Catholicism Orthodox Christianity Protestantism Christian denominati ...

Read more here: » Deuterocanonical books: Encyclopedia - Deuterocanonical books

Apollyon appears in the New Testament (Book of Revelation 9:7 – 11) leading the locust-like swarm of demons that will be released in the End Times: 7. In appearance the locusts were like horses arrayed for battle; on their heads were what looked like crowns of gold; their faces were like human faces, 8. their hair like women's hair, and their teeth like lions' teeth; 9. they had scales like iron breastplates, and the noise of their wings was like the noise of many chariots with horses rushing into battle. 10. ...

Including:

• Apollyon - References

Read more here: » Apollyon: Encyclopedia - Apollyon

The Septuagint (LXX) is the name commonly given in the West to the Koine Greek Alexandrine text of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh/Old Testament) produced some time between the third to first century BC. The Septuagint Bible includes additional books of the old Jewish canon beyond those contained in the Hebrew Bible, including the books of the Maccabees, much beloved and revered by Jews today. These additional books were composed in Greek with small portions in Aramaic, and in most cases only the Greek version has survived to the present. Th ...

Including:

• Septuagint - Naming and designation
• Septuagint - Dating and critical scholarship
• Septuagint - Use of the Septuagint
• Septuagint - Jewish use
• Septuagint - Christian use
• Septuagint - Language of the Septuagint
• Septuagint - Books of the Septuagint
• Septuagint - Translations of the Septuagint

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Athanasius of Alexandria (also spelled "Athanasios") (298–May 2, 373) was a Christian bishop, the Patriarch of Alexandria, in the fourth century. He is revered as a saint by both the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, and regarded as a great leader and doctor of the Church by Protestants. Roman Catholics have declared him one of 33 Doctors of the Church. His feast day is January 18. Athanasius of Alexandria - Historical significance. In about 319, when Athanasius was a deacon, a presby ...

Including:

• Athanasius of Alexandria - Historical significance
• Athanasius of Alexandria - Criticism of Athanasius
• Athanasius of Alexandria - Sources

Read more here: » Athanasius of Alexandria: Encyclopedia - Athanasius of Alexandria

The Biblical canon is an exclusive list of books written during the formative period of the Jewish or Christian faiths; the leaders of these communities believed these books to be inspired by God or to express the authoritative history of the relationship between God and his people (although there may have been secondary considerations as well). There are differences between Christians and Jews, as well as between different Christian traditions, over which books meet the standards for canonization. The different criteria for, and the process of, canonization for each community dictates what ...

Including:

• Biblical canon - Canonic texts in Jewish and Christian traditions
• Biblical canon - Jewish canon
• Biblical canon - Samaritan canon
• Biblical canon - Christian canon
• Biblical canon - Orthodox Catholic and Protestant
• Biblical canon - Selected Evangelicals
• Biblical canon - Modern interpretation of canonization
• Biblical canon - Latter-day Saint Scripture
• Biblical canon - Footnotes

Read more here: » Biblical canon: Encyclopedia - Biblical canon

The Book of Daniel, written in Hebrew and Aramaic, is a book in both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the Christian Old Testament. The book is set during the Babylonian Captivity, a period when Jews were deported and exiled to Babylon. The book revolves around the figure of Daniel, an Israelite who becomes an advisor to Nebuchadnezzar, the ruler of Babylon from 605 BC - 562 BC. The book has two distinct parts: a series of narratives and four apocalyptic visions. Three of the narratives involve Daniel, who has the gift of prophecy, ...

Including:

• Book of Daniel - Narratives in Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Apocalyptic visions in Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Historical accuracy
• Book of Daniel - Darius the Mede
• Book of Daniel - Belshazzar
• Book of Daniel - Madness of Nebuchadnezzar
• Book of Daniel - Date of Nebuchadnezzar's First Siege of Jerusalem
• Book of Daniel - Dating
• Book of Daniel - Content
• Book of Daniel - Language
• Book of Daniel - Unity of Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Christian uses of Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Influence of Daniel

Read more here: » Book of Daniel: Encyclopedia - Book of Daniel

The Bible (sometimes The Holy Bible, The Book, Good Book, Word of God, The Word, or Scripture), from Greek (τα) βιβλια, (ta) biblia, "(the) books", is the classical name for the Hebrew Bible of Judaism or the combination of the Old Testament and New Testament of Christianity ("The Bible" actually refers to at least two different Bibles). It is thus applied to sacred scriptures. Many Christian English speakers refer to the Christian Bible as "the good book" (Gospel means " ...

Including:

• Bible - The Hebrew Bible
• Bible - Torah
• Bible - Nevi'im
• Bible - Ketuvim
• Bible - Translations and editions
• Bible - The Christian Bible
• Bible - The Old Testament
• Bible - The New Testament
• Bible - The canonization of Scripture
• Bible - Bible versions and translations
• Bible - The Introduction of chapters and verses

Read more here: » Bible: Encyclopedia - Bible

An angel is an ethereal being found in many religions, whose duties are to assist and serve God or the gods. Angel - Etymology. The English word originated from Latin, angelus, which is itself derived from the Greek ἄγγελος, ángelos, meaning "messenger" (double gamma "γγ" is pronounced "ng" in Greek). The closest Hebrew word for angel is מלאך, mal'ach Hebrew word #4397 in Strong's, also meaning "messenger". "Angel" is also used in the English Version of the Bible for the ...

Including:

• Angel - Etymology
• Angel - Angels in the Tanakh
• Angel - Appearance of angels
• Angel - Purpose
• Angel - Jewish views
• Angel - Maimonides and rationalism
• Angel - Christian views
• Angel - Islamic views
• Angel - Latter-Day Saint views
• Angel - Other religions
• Angel - Hinduism
• Angel - Thelema
• Angel - Angels as a development step of the soul
• Angel - Named angels and archangels
• Angel - Bibliography

Read more here: » Angel: Encyclopedia - Angel

Apollonius of Perga [Pergaeus] (c. 262 BC–c. 190 BC) was a Greek geometer and astronomer, of the Alexandrian school, noted for his writings on conic sections. It was Apollonius who gave the ellipse, the parabola, and the hyperbola the names by which we know them. The hypothesis of eccentric orbits, or equivalently, deferent and epicycles, to explain the apparent motion of the planets and ...

Including:

• Apollonius of Perga - De Rationis Sectione
• Apollonius of Perga - De Spatii Sectione
• Apollonius of Perga - De Sectione Determinata
• Apollonius of Perga - De Tactionibus
• Apollonius of Perga - De Inclinationibus
• Apollonius of Perga - De Locis Planis

Read more here: » Apollonius of Perga: Encyclopedia - Apollonius of Perga

A tithe (from Old English teogotha "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a voluntary contribution or as a tax or levy, usually to support a Jewish or Christian religious organization. Today, tithes (or tithing) are normally voluntary and paid in cash, checks, or stocks, whereas historically tithes could be paid in kind, such as agricultural products. There are still European countries today that allow some churches to assess a mandatory tithe which is enforced by law. Tithe - Tithing in the Bib ...

Including:

• Tithe - Tithing in the Bible
• Tithe - Old Testament origins
• Tithe - Tithing in the New Testament
• Tithe - Governmental collection of religious offerings
• Tithe - England
• Tithe - France
• Tithe - Germany
• Tithe - Ireland
• Tithe - Denmark
• Tithe - Sweden
• Tithe - Austria
• Tithe - Switzerland
• Tithe - Finland
• Tithe - United States

Read more here: » Tithe: Encyclopedia - Tithe

The Vulgate Bible is an early 5th century translation of the Bible into Latin made by St. Jerome on the orders of Pope Damasus I. It takes its name from the phrase versio vulgata, "the common (i.e., popular) version" (cf. Vulgar Latin), and was written in an everyday Latin used in conscious distinction to the elegant Ciceronian Latin of which Jerome was a master. The Vulgate was designed to be both more accurate and easier to understand than its predecessors. It was the first, and for many centuries the only, Christian Bible tr ...

Including:

• Vulgate - Different versions
• Vulgate - Relation with the Old Latin Bible
• Vulgate - The Clementine Vulgate
• Vulgate - Nova Vulgata
• Vulgate - The Stuttgart Vulgate
• Vulgate - Issues of translation
• Vulgate - Influence on Western Culture
• Vulgate - Text

Read more here: » Vulgate: Encyclopedia - Vulgate

In Judaism Asmodai appears in the Book of Tobit and the Talmud. Note, however, that the Book of Tobit is not part of the established Jewish Canon. In the Book of Tobit, Asmodai falls in love with Sarah, daughter of Raguel, and kills her husband each time she gets married. In this way, he killed seven men on their wedding nights, thus impeding the consummation of the sexual act. After this, Sarah becomes engaged to a young man called Tobias. Tobias is menaced by the demon and receives the aid of the angel Ra ...

See also:

Asmodai, Asmodai - The Persian Asmodai, Asmodai - Asmodai in Judaism, Asmodai - Asmodai in demonology, Asmodai - Asmodai in fiction

Read more here: » Asmodai: Encyclopedia II - Asmodai - Asmodai in Judaism

The name of the archangel Raphael appears only in the Book of Tobit (Tobias). There he first appears disguised in human form as the travelling companion of the younger Tobias, calling himself "Azarias the son of the great Ananias". During the adventurous course of the journey the archangel's protective influence is shown in many ways including the binding of the demon in the desert of upper Egypt. After the return and the healing of the blindness of the elder Tobias, Azarias makes himself known as "the angel Raphael, one of the seven, who stand before the Lord" (Tobit, xii, 15). Co ...

See also:

Raphael archangel, Raphael archangel - Raphael in Judaism, Raphael archangel - Raphael in Christianity, Raphael archangel - Raphael in Angelology and the Occult

Read more here: » Raphael archangel: Encyclopedia II - Raphael archangel - Raphael in Christianity