Boeotia

Boeotia or Beotia (World Book «bee OH shuh») (Greek Βοιωτια; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was the central area of ancient Greece. It is also a prefecture of modern Greece, see Boeotia Prefecture. The oldest city of Greece was sited there and was named Graia (Γραία) which means ancient or old. From the name of this city the word "Greece" derives. Aristotle said that this city was created before the deluge. The same assertion about the origins of Graia city was found also in an ancient marb ...

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In Greek mythology, Actaeon (or Aktaion), son of Aristaeus and Autonoe in Boeotia, was a hunter who suffered the wrath of Artemis. Artemis was bathing in the woods near Boeotian Orchomenos when the hunter Actaeon stumbled across her, thus seeing her naked. He stopped and stared, amazed at her ravishing beauty. When she saw him, Artemis punished him by declaring that he must never speak again — if he tried to speak, he would be changed into a stag — for his unlucky profanation of her virgin's mysteries. Upon hearing h ...

Including:

• Actaeon - Actaeon in art

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Agesilaus II, or Agesilaos II (Greek Ἀγησιλάος), king of Sparta, of the Eurypontid family, was the son of Archidamus II and Eupolia, and younger step-brother of Agis II, whom he succeeded about 401 BC. Agis had, indeed, a son Leotychides, but he was set aside as illegitimate, current rumour representing him as the son of Alcibiades. Agesilaus' success was largely due to Lysander, who hoped to find in him a willing tool for the furtherance of his political designs; in this hope, however, Lysander was disappointed, and the incr ...

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Asopus or Asôpos is the name of five different rivers in Greece and also in Greek mythology the name of the gods of those rivers. Asopus - The rivers. Boeotian Asopus, a river of Boeotia rising on Mt. Cithaeron and flowing through the district of Plataea into the Euripus. The battle of Plataea was fought on its banks. It marked the bounday between Theban and Plataean territory. According to Pausanias (5.14.3) the Boeotian Asopus can produce the tallest reeds of any river. Phliasian As ...

Including:

• Asopus - The rivers
• Asopus - Mythology
• Asopus - Boeotian Asopus
• Asopus - Phliasian Asopus
• Asopus - Mixed Tales
• Asopus - External link

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Aganippe is the name of a fountain and the nymph (a Crinaea) associated with it in Greek mythology. Aganippe was the daughter of Ternessus. The well is in Boeotia, near Thespiae, at the base of the mountain Helicon. It was created by the hooves of Pegasus and was associated with the Muses as a source of poetic inspiration. Other related archivesBoeotia, Crinaea, Greek mythology, Helicon, Muses, Pegasus, Ternessus, Thespiae, nymph

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Antigonus II Gonatas (c. 319 BC—239 BC) was a powerful ruler who definitely established the Antigonid dynasty in Macedonia and acquired fame for his victory over the Gauls who had invaded the Balkans. Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family. Antigonus Gonatas was born around 319 BC, probably in Gonnoi in Thessaly. He was related to the most powerful of the Diadochi (the generals of Alexander who divided the empire after his death in 323 BC). Antigonus's father was Demetrius Poliorcetes, who was the son of ...

Including:

• Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Demetrius's general
• Antigonus II Gonatas - In the wilderness
• Antigonus II Gonatas - King of Macedonia
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Pyrrhus
• Antigonus II Gonatas - The Chremonidean war
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Aratus
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Death and Appraisal

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Aiolos (Αἴολος), Latinized as Aeolus, Eolus, Aeolos, or Aiolus, was the name of three personages in Greek Mythology. These three personages are often difficult to tell apart, and even the ancient mythographers appear to have been perplexed about which Aeolus was which. Diodorus made an attempt to define each of these three (although it is clear he also became muddled), and his opinion is followed here. Briefly, the first Aeolus was a son of Hel ...

Including:

• Aeolus - Aeolus son of Hellen
• Aeolus - Aeolus son of Poseidon
• Aeolus - Aeolus son of Hippotes

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In Greek mythology Alcmene, or Alkmênê ("might of the moon") , the daughter of Electryon, king of Mycenae and a son of Perseus, was the wife of Amphitryon in his exile, though he had accidentally killed her father. Some mythographers identified her mother as Eurydice (Graves, 110.c). With Amphitryon she fled to Thebes, where Creon purified her husband of his blood-guilt. However, Alcmene's eight br ...

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This article discusses the ancient Greek poet Hesiod. For the computer application, see Hesiod (name service). Hesiod (Hesiodos, Ἡσίοδος), the early Greek poet and rhapsode, presumably lived around 700 BC. Historians have debated the priority of Hesiod or of Homer, and some authors have even brought them together in an imagined poetic contest. Most modern scholars agree that Homer lived after Hesiod. Hesiod serves as a major source for knowledge of Greek mythology, farming techniques, arch ...

Including:

• Hesiod - Works

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Alexander the Great (in Greek Μέγας Αλέξανδρος, transliterated Megas Alexandros; born in Pella, Macedon, in July, 356 BC, died in Babylon, on June 10, 323 BC), King of Macedon 336–323 BC, is arguably the most successful military commander in world history, conquering most of the known world before his death. Alexander is also known in the Zoroastrian Middle Persian work Arda Wiraz Nāmag as "the accursed Alexander" due to his conquest of the ...

Including:

• Alexander the Great - Early life
• Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedon
• Alexander the Great - Period of conquests
• Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire
• Alexander the Great - The invasion of India
• Alexander the Great - After India
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality
• Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela
• Alexander the Great - Infantry
• Alexander the Great - Cavalry
• Alexander the Great - Death
• Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire
• Alexander the Great - Timeline
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's character
• Alexander the Great - Stories and legends
• Alexander the Great - Ancient sources
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources
• Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander
• Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media
• Alexander the Great - Note

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The Attic calendar is the calendar that was in use in ancient Attica, the ancestral territory of the Athenian polis. This article focuses on the 5th and 4th centuries BC, the classical period that produced some of the most significant works of ancient Greek literature. Because of the relative wealth of evidence from Athens, of all the Hellenic calendars it is the best understood. Viewed from the standpoint of the modern Gregorian calendar, this ancient system has many peculiar features. This is a part of its appeal: as a cultural artif ...

Including:

• Attic calendar - Local focus of the system
• Attic calendar - More than one calendar
• Attic calendar - Festival calendar
• Attic calendar - List of months
• Attic calendar - Lunisolar calendar
• Attic calendar - Names of the months
• Attic calendar - Days of the month
• Attic calendar - State calendar
• Attic calendar - Manipulation of the calendar
• Attic calendar - Dating long range events
• Attic calendar - Sidereal calendar

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Agamémnon (Greek: Αγαμέμνων) ("very resolute"), one of the most distinguished heroes of Greek mythology, was the son of King Atreus of Mycenae (or Argos) and Queen Aerope, and brother of Menelaus. Agamemnon - Early life. Agamemnon's father Atreus was murdered by Aegisthus, who took possession of the throne of Mycenae and ruled jointly with his father Thyestes. During this period Agamemnon and Menelaus took refuge with Tyndareus, king of Sparta. There they respectively married Tyndareus' dau ...

Including:

• Agamemnon - Early life
• Agamemnon - The Trojan War
• Agamemnon - Return to Greece
• Agamemnon - Other stories
• Agamemnon - Agamemnon in modern fiction and film

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Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC - 420s BC - 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC Years: 431 BC 430 BC 429 BC 428 BC 427 BC - 426 BC - 425 BC 424 BC 423 BC 422 BC 421 BC 426 BC - Events. Battle of Tanagra - Athenians under Nicias are defeated in an invasion of Boeotia Battle of Olpae - Athenians under Demosthenes defeat the Spartans in Aetolia Major earthquake in Athens Including:

• 426 BC - Events
• 426 BC - Births
• 426 BC - Deaths

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In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece is that of the winged ram Chrysomallos (Χρυσομαλλος). It figures in the tale of Jason and his band of Argonauts, who quested for the Fleece in order to place Jason rightfully on the throne of Iolcus in Thessaly. The story is of great antiquity – it was current in the time of Homer (9th–8th centuries BCE) and probably goes back to the 13th or 14t ...

Including:

• Golden Fleece - Literature

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The Dionysia was a large religious festival in ancient Athens in honour of the god Dionysus, the central event of which was the performance of tragedies and comedies. It was the second-most important festival after the Panathenaia. The Dionysia was actually comprised of two related festivals, the Rural Dionysia and the City Dionysia, which took place in different parts of the year. They were also an essential part of the Dionysian Mysteries. Dionysia - Rural Dionysia. The Dionysia was original ...

Including:

• Dionysia - Rural Dionysia
• Dionysia - City Dionysia
• Dionysia - Origins
• Dionysia - Pompe and Proagon
• Dionysia - Dramatic performances
• Dionysia - Significance
• Dionysia - Notable winners of the City Dionysia
• Dionysia - Tragedy
• Dionysia - Comedy
• Dionysia - Sources

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Aphrodite (World Book «AF roh DY tee») (Αφροδίτη, "risen from sea-foam") is the Greek goddess of love and beauty. Aphrodite - Worship. The epithet Aphrodite Acidalia was occasionally added to her name, after the spring she used to bathe in, located in Boeotia (Virgil I, 720). She was also called Kypris or Cytherea after her alleged birth-places in Cyprus and Cythera, respectively. The island of Cythera was a center of her cult. She was associated with Hesp ...

Including:

• Aphrodite - Worship
• Aphrodite - Birth
• Aphrodite - Adulthood
• Aphrodite - Marriage with Hephaestus
• Aphrodite - Aphrodite and Psyche
• Aphrodite - Adonis
• Aphrodite - The Judgement of Paris
• Aphrodite - Pygmalion and Galatea
• Aphrodite - Other Stories
• Aphrodite - Aphrodite in Neopaganism
• Aphrodite - Consorts and children
• Aphrodite - Other names

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Greece, (Greek: Ελλάδα, older form: Ελλάς, Hellas), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellinikí Dimokratía; see also List of traditional Greek place names), is a country in southern Europe on the tip of the Balkan peninsula. It has land boundaries with Bulgaria, FYROM, and Albania to the north and with Turkey to the east. The waters of the Aegean Sea border Greece to the east, and those of the Ionian and Mediterranean Sea to the west and south ...

Including:

• Greece - Name
• Greece - History
• Greece - Prehistory and antiquity
• Greece - Roman rule and Middle Ages
• Greece - Ottoman rule
• Greece - Creation of the modern Greek state
• Greece - Politics
• Greece - Local government
• Greece - Geography
• Greece - Economy
• Greece - Tourism
• Greece - Demographics
• Greece - Religion
• Greece - Culture
• Greece - Miscellaneous topics

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Mestrius Plutarchus (ca. 46- 127) was a Greek historian, biographer, and essayist. Born in the small town of Chaeronea, in the Greek region known as Boeotia, probably during the reign of the Roman Emperor Claudius, Plutarch travelled widely in the Mediterranean world, including twice to Rome. Due to his parents' wealth, after 67, Plutarchus was able to study philosophy, rhetoric, and mathematics at the Academy of Athens. He had a number of influential friends, including Soscius Senecio and Fundanus, both important Senato ...

Including:

• Plutarch - Work as magistrate and ambassador
• Plutarch - Parallel Lives
• Plutarch - Life of Alexander
• Plutarch - Other works
• Plutarch - The Moralia
• Plutarch - Quaestiones
• Plutarch - Plutarch's influence
• Plutarch - Quotations

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Aeolic Greek is a linguistic term used to describe a set of rather archaic Greek sub-dialects, spoken mainly in Boeotia (a region in Central Greece), in Lesbos (an island close to Asia Minor) and in other Greek colonies. It is probable that the Aeolic speakers represent the second (i.e. Achaean) migratory wave of Greeks (Hellenes) from the plains of Central Europe (or, according to other opinions, from what is present-day Ukraine) into their current homeland. The Aeolic dialect shows many archaisms, in comparison to the other Greek dialects (i.e. Ionian-Attic, Doric, Northwester ...

Including:

• Aeolic Greek - Main traits of the Aeolic dialect

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The king of Orchomenus in Greek mythology, Athamas ("rich harvest") was married first to the goddess Nephele with whom he had the twins Phrixus and Helle. He later divorced Nephele and married Ino, daughter of Cadmus. With Ino, he had two children: Learches and Melicertes. Athamas also had a brother, Salmoneus, who was the father of Tyro. Phrixus and Helle, were hated by their stepmother, Ino. Ino hatched a devious plot to get rid of the twins, roasting all the towns crop seeds so they would not grow. The local farmers, frighte ...

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