Encyclopedia - Black Elk: Encyclopedia - Black Elk
Black Elk (Hehaka Sapa) (c. December 1863 – August 17 or August 19, 1950 (sources differ)) was a famous Wichasha Wakan (Medicine Man or...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Black Elk: New Age Spiritual Dictionary On Black Elk
Black Elk (Sapa Hehaka) Oglala Souix shaman (1863)-1950   (See also: Black Elk , Body Mind and Soul)      » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elk County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Elk County Kansas - Demographics
As of the census² of 2000, there are 3,261 people, 1,412 households, and 923 families residing in the county. The population density is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia - Red Deer
Numerous - see text. Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), known as elk or wapiti in North America, are the second largest species of deer in the wo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Autobiography: Encyclopedia - Autobiography
An autobiography (from the Greek auton, 'self', bios, 'life' and graphein, 'write') is a biography written by the subject or composed con...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bandelier National Monument: Encyclopedia - Bandelier National Monument
Bandelier National Monument is a U.S. National Monument consisting of 32,737 acres (132.48 km²) of northern New Mexico, United States. A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elk County Pennsylvania: Encyclopedia Ii - Elk County Pennsylvania - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 35,112 people, 14,124 households, and 9,745 families residing in the county. The population density ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - In Asia
Apart from man, the same predators in Europe also inhabit Asia except that there are also Asiatic black bears, dholes, tigers, leopards, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yellowstone National Park: Encyclopedia Ii - Yellowstone National Park - Biology And Ecology
Main articles: Animals of Yellowstone, Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem The dominant tree species in the park is Lodgepole pine, however, va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Inter-cooperative Council At The University Of Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Inter-cooperative Council At The University Of Michigan - Houses
The ICC currently owns 19 houses on the Central and North Campuses of the University of Michigan. The houses are primarily named after pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dakelh: Encyclopedia Ii - Dakelh - Way Of Life
The traditional Carrier way of life was based on a seasonal round, with the greatest activity in the summer when berries were gathered an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bryce Canyon National Park: Encyclopedia Ii - Bryce Canyon National Park - Biology
The forests and meadows of Bryce Canyon provide the habitat to support diverse animal life, from birds and small mammals to foxes and occ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - In North America
Elk (also known as Wapiti, a Shawnee name meaning 'white rump') are an Old World deer species that originated in Eurasia and spread to No...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - In North America
Elk (also known as Wapiti, a Shawnee name meaning 'white rump') are an Old World deer species that originated in Eurasia and spread to No...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - Subspecies
Cervus elaphus has twenty subspecies in Europe, Asia, and the Atlas Mountains of North Africa including some on the endangered species li...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - British Columbia: Encyclopedia Ii - British Columbia - Recreation
Given its varied mountainous terrain and its coasts, lakes, rivers, and forests, British Columbia has long been enjoyed for pursuits like...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elk County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Elk County Kansas - Education
Elk County Kansas - Unified school districts. See also the complete list of unified school districts in Kansas. West Elk USD 282 Elk V...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - Subspecies
Cervus elaphus has twenty subspecies in Europe, including some on the endangered species list: Barbary deer (C. e. barbarus), Corsican r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elk County Pennsylvania: Encyclopedia Ii - Elk County Pennsylvania - Municipalities
Elk County Pennsylvania - Cities. St. Marys Elk County Pennsylvania - Boroughs. Johnsonburg Ridgway Elk County Pennsylvania - To...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - John Neihardt: Encyclopedia Ii - John Neihardt - Biography
Neihardt was born in Sharpsburg, Illinois; his family moved to Wayne, Nebraska, when he was 10. A graduate of Nebraska Normal School in W...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elk County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Elk County Kansas - Cities And Towns
Elk County Kansas - Incorporated cities. Population less than 1,000: Howard (county seat) Moline Longton Grenola Elk Falls Elk Count...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elk County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Elk County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,684 km² (650 mi²). 1,676 km² (647 mi²) of it is land and 8 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chautauqua County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Chautauqua County Kansas - History
The first white settlers in the area that could become Chautauqua county arrived in July 1868. Chautauqua County was created by an act of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chautauqua County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Chautauqua County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,670 km² (645 mi²). 1,662 km² (642 mi²) of it is land and 8 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Avery County North Carolina: Encyclopedia Ii - Avery County North Carolina - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 640 km² (247 mi²). 640 km² (247 mi²) of it is land and 1 km² (0 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Antrim County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Antrim County Michigan - Cities Villages And Townships
Antrim County Michigan - Cities. none Antrim County Michigan - Villages. Bellaire Central Lake Elk Rapids Ellsworth Mancelona Antr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Grande Ronde River: Encyclopedia Ii - Grande Ronde River - History
In the early 19th century the valley of the river was inhabited by Nez Perce, Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Cayuse tribes of Native American...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Extinct Animals Of The British Isles: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Extinct Animals Of The British Isles - Reintroduction
There are plans to reintroduce the European Beaver to parts of Britain, especially Scotland. The Red Kite, Osprey and Corncrake are also ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cowley County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Cowley County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,933 km² (1,133 mi²). 2,917 km² (1,126 mi²) of it is land and 16...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chautauqua County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Chautauqua County Kansas - Cities And Towns
Chautauqua County Kansas - Incorporated cities. Population 1,000 to 10,000: Sedan (county seat) Population less than 1,000: Cedar Va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cheyenne Oklahoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Cheyenne Oklahoma - Geography
Cheyenne is located at 35°36'45" North, 99°40'26" West (35.612409, -99.673797)GR1, just south of the Washita River. According to the Un...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clearwater County Idaho: Encyclopedia Ii - Clearwater County Idaho - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 6,444 km² (2,488 mi²). 6,375 km² (2,461 mi²) of it is land and 69...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - In Europe
The red deer is Britain's largest native land mammal, and can reach 1.5m (5 ft) at the shoulder. Apart from man, bears, wolves and lynxes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Butler County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Butler County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 3,746 km² (1,446 mi²). 3,698 km² (1,428 mi²) of it is land and 48...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - Rutting Behavior
Adult Red Deer usually stay in single-sex groups for most of the year, coming together to mate during October. During the mating ritual, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wilson County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Wilson County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,489 km² (575 mi²). 1,486 km² (574 mi²) of it is land and 3 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greenwood County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Greenwood County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,985 km² (1,153 mi²). 2,952 km² (1,140 mi²) of it is land and 33...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - In Europe
The red deer is Britain's largest native land mammal, and can reach 1.5m (5 ft) at the shoulder. Apart from man, brown bears, wolves and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Montgomery County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Montgomery County Kansas - Education
Montgomery County Kansas - Unified school districts. Caney Valley USD 436 Coffeyville USD 445 Independence USD 446 Cherryvale USD 447 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Montgomery County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Montgomery County Kansas - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,687 km² (651 mi²). 1,671 km² (645 mi²) of it is land and 16 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Extinct Animals Of The British Isles: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Extinct Animals Of The British Isles - Extinct Species
List of extinct animals of the British Isles - Mammals. Arctic fox - c. 10000 BC Arctic lemming - c. 8000 BC Auroch - c. 1000 BC Boar ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Red Deer: Encyclopedia Ii - Red Deer - Rutting Behavior
Adult Red Deer usually stay in single-sex groups for most of the year, coming together to mate during October. During the mating ritual, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Game Food: Encyclopedia Ii - Game Food - Game By Region
In some countries, game is classified, including legal classification with respect to licenses required, as either small game or large ga...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sacramento County California: Encyclopedia Ii - Sacramento County California - Cities And Towns
Sacramento County California - Unincorporated Census Designated Places. Antelope Arden-Arcade Carmichael Fair Oaks Florin Foothill Far...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Union County South Dakota: Encyclopedia Ii - Union County South Dakota - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,210 km² (467 mi²). 1,192 km² (460 mi²) of it is land and 17 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cheyenne Oklahoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Cheyenne Oklahoma - History
Cheyenne is the location of the Battle of Washita River (also called Battle of the Washita; Washita Battlefield), where George Armstrong ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aspen Parkland: Encyclopedia Ii - Aspen Parkland - Wildlife
Wildlife in the parklands include moose, white-tailed deer, black bears, coyotes, pocket gophers, thirteen-lined ground squirrels, Richar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Crescent City California: Encyclopedia Ii - Crescent City California - Geography
Crescent City is located at 41°45'17" North, 124°12'4" West (41.754821, -124.201206)GR1, on a stretch of lowland between the coastal mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Crescent City, California: Encyclopedia Ii - Crescent City, California - Geography
Crescent City is located at 41°45'17" North, 124°12'4" West (41.754821, -124.201206)GR1, on a stretch of lowland between the coastal mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Macon County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Macon County Illinois - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,516 km² (585 mi²). 1,504 km² (581 mi²) of it is land and 13 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cowley County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Cowley County Kansas - Cities And Towns
Cowley County Kansas - Incorporated cities. Population 10,000 to 100,000: Winfield (county seat) Arkansas City Population less than 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elkhart County Indiana: Encyclopedia Ii - Elkhart County Indiana - History
Elkhart County was formed in 1830. There are many stories for the origin of this name. One is that there was an island in the St. Joseph ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Edwards County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Edwards County Illinois - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 577 km² (223 mi²). 576 km² (222 mi²) of it is land and 1 km² (0 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fulton County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Fulton County Illinois - History
Fulton County was organized in 1823 from Pike County. It is named for Robert Fulton, inventor of the steamboat. Fulton County has also ho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Grant County Minnesota: Encyclopedia Ii - Grant County Minnesota - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,490 km² (575 mi²). 1,415 km² (546 mi²) of it is land and 75 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of Latvia: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of Latvia - Area And Boundaries
Area: total: 64,588 sq km land: 64,588 sq km water: 0 sq km Area - comparative: slightly larger than West Virginia Land boundaries: total...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of Latvia: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of Latvia - Resources And Land Use
Natural resources: minimal; amber, peat, limestone, dolomite, hydropower, arable land Land use: arable land: 27% permanent crops: 0% perm...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of Latvia: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of Latvia - Environmental Concerns
Natural hazards: NA Environment - current issues: air and water pollution because of a lack of waste conversion equipment; Gulf of Riga a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Christian County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Christian County Illinois - History
Christian County was formed in 1839 out of Sangamon, Montgomery and Shelby Counties. The County was originally called "Dane County", but ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clark County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Clark County Illinois - History
Clark County was formed in 1819 out of Crawford County. At the time of its formation, Clark County included about a third of Illinois. It...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Inter-cooperative Council At The University Of Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Inter-cooperative Council At The University Of Michigan - Governance
In accordance with the second Rochdale principle, democratic member control, ultimate authority in the organization lies with the Board o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Butler County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Butler County Kansas - Cities And Towns
Butler County Kansas - Incorporated cities. Population 10,000 to 100,000: El Dorado (county seat) Population 1,000 to 10,000: August...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sherburne County Minnesota: Encyclopedia Ii - Sherburne County Minnesota - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,168 km² (451 mi²). 1,130 km² (436 mi²) of it is land and 38 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sacramento County California: Encyclopedia Ii - Sacramento County California - History
Sacramento County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. The county was named by Capta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wabash County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Wabash County Illinois - History
Wabash County was formed in 1824 out of Edwards County, after an armed confrontation between the militias of Albion and Mt. Carmel. The C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hercynian Forest: Encyclopedia Ii - Hercynian Forest - Etymology
Julius Pokorny lists Hercynian as being derived from *perkwu- "oak" (quercus). He further identifies the name as Celtic. Proto-Celtic reg...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mcdonough County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Mcdonough County Illinois - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,528 km² (590 mi²). 1,526 km² (589 mi²) of it is land and 2 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dunn County Wisconsin: Encyclopedia Ii - Dunn County Wisconsin - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 39,858 people, 14,337 households, and 9,261 families residing in the county. The population density ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of Illinois - Flora And Fauna
Large mammal species currently found in Illinois include whitetail deer and coyote, with the later becoming urbanized in the Chicago area...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chautauqua County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Chautauqua County Kansas - Demographics
As of the census² of 2000, there are 4,359 people, 1,796 households, and 1,235 families residing in the county. The population density i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Avery County North Carolina: Encyclopedia Ii - Avery County North Carolina - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 17,167 people, 6,532 households, and 4,546 families residing in the county. The population density i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hercynian Forest: Encyclopedia Ii - Hercynian Forest - Ancient References
The name is cited dozens of times in several classical authors, but most of the references are non-definitive, as the author is assuming ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Montgomery County Kansas: Encyclopedia Ii - Montgomery County Kansas - Demographics
As of the census² of 2000, there are 36,252 people, 14,903 households, and 9,955 families residing in the county. The population density...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rondane National Park: Encyclopedia Ii - Rondane National Park - Biology
Rondane is one of the few places in Scandinavia and Europe where wild reindeer (as opposed to the domestic breed) are found. The Director...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Black Hawk County Iowa: Encyclopedia Ii - Black Hawk County Iowa - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,481 km² (572 mi²). 1,469 km² (567 mi²) of it is land and 12 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cameron County Pennsylvania: Encyclopedia Ii - Cameron County Pennsylvania - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 5,974 people, 2,465 households, and 1,624 families residing in the county. The population density is...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Somerset County Pennsylvania: Encyclopedia Ii - Somerset County Pennsylvania - Recent History
Somerset County gained worldwide attention in 2001 when a hijacked airliner, United Airlines Flight 93, crashed near the town of Shanksvi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shelby County Iowa: Encyclopedia Ii - Shelby County Iowa - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,532 km² (591 mi²). 1,530 km² (591 mi²) of it is land and 1 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Price County Wisconsin: Encyclopedia Ii - Price County Wisconsin - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 15,822 people, 6,564 households, and 4,417 families residing in the county. The population density i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of West Virginia Rivers: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of West Virginia Rivers - By Tributary
List of West Virginia rivers - Ohio River. Monongahela River Tygart Valley River Middle Fork River Buckhannon River West Fork Rive...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Communities In Alberta: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Communities In Alberta - Towns
List of communities in Alberta - A. Athabasca List of communities in Alberta - B. Banff Barrhead Bashaw Bassano Beaumont Beaverlod...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Antrim County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Antrim County Michigan - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 23,110 people, 9,222 households, and 6,713 families residing in the county. The population density i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aspen Parkland: Encyclopedia Ii - Aspen Parkland - The Aspen Understory
There are three main factors which influence the understory vegetation in the aspen stands of the mixed wood forest. 1. Good sun exposure...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aspen Parkland: Encyclopedia Ii - Aspen Parkland - The Spruce Forest Understory
Factors which influence the understory vegetation of spruce stands in the boreal forest association include: 1. Year round reduced sun ex...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yellowstone National Park: Encyclopedia Ii - Yellowstone National Park - Biology And Ecology
Main articles: Animals of Yellowstone and Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem The dominant tree species in the park is Lodgepole pine, however,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hadeland: Encyclopedia Ii - Hadeland - History
A number of Stone Age sites have been discovered around the Randsfjord and over 200 artefacts - including jewellery, tools, and weapons -...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bryce Canyon National Park: Encyclopedia Ii - Bryce Canyon National Park - Geography
Bryce Canyon National Park is located in southern Utah about 50 miles (80 km) northeast and 1000 feet (300 m) higher than Zion National P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - .hack//infection: Encyclopedia Ii - .hack//infection - Characters
.hack//INFECTION - Playable Characters. Kite: A Twin Blade in the online game The World and Orca's friend in real life, Kite is the mai...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kern County California: Encyclopedia Ii - Kern County California - History
The Kern County area was first claimed by the Spanish in 1769. In 1772, Commander Don Pedro Fages became the first European to enter the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Concord California: Encyclopedia Ii - Concord California - Naval Weapons Station
The City of Concord is bordered by an all-but-mothballed Naval Weapons site. The site consists of two areas, the Inland (5,170 acres) and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Concord, California: Encyclopedia Ii - Concord, California - Naval Weapons Station
The City of Concord is bordered by an all-but-mothballed Naval Weapons site. The site consists of two areas, the Inland (5,170 acres) and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Linear Pottery Culture: Encyclopedia Ii - Linear Pottery Culture - Origins
Most scholars derive the LBK culture from the Starcevo-Körös culture of Northern Serbia and Hungary, but some would argue for an autoch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Des Plaines Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Des Plaines Illinois - Geography
Des Plaines is located at 42°2'2" North, 87°53'59" West (42.033848, -87.899786)GR1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Edwards County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Edwards County Illinois - History
Edwards County was named for Ninian Edwards, the governor of the Illinois Territory, and, later, governor of Illinois. Unlike most of the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dupage County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Dupage County Illinois - About Dupage County
Long known as one of the nation's wealthiest counties, DuPage County has transformed itself from a primarily agricultural economy to one ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franklin County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Franklin County Illinois - History
The first settlers arrived in Franklin County in 1804. This group included six brothers named Jordan. They settled near the southeastern ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fulton County Illinois: Encyclopedia Ii - Fulton County Illinois - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,286 km² (883 mi²). 2,242 km² (866 mi²) of it is land and 44 kmÂ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Grande Ronde River: Encyclopedia Ii - Grande Ronde River - Description
It rises in the Blue Mountains in the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest in southwestern Union County approximately 20 mi (32 km) south of L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gloucester County New Jersey: Encyclopedia Ii - Gloucester County New Jersey - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 873 km² (337 mi²). 841 km² (325 mi²) of it is land and 32 km² (1...   » Read the article

Article - Popular Pages Sitemap Iv - B
This is a sitemap for Popular Pages IV - B . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word. ...   » Read the article