Biodiesel is fuel made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. It is biodegradable and non-toxic, and has significantly fewer emissions than petroleum-based diesel (petro-diesel) when burned. Biodiesel functions in current diesel engines, and is a possible candidate to replace fossil fuels as the world's primary transport energy source. With a flash point of 150 °C, Biodiesel is classified as a non-flammable liquid by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. This property makes a vehicle fuele ...

Including:

Biodiesel - History Biodiesel - Fuel quality standards and properties Biodiesel - Production
Biodiesel - Base oils Biodiesel - Efficiency and economic arguments
Biodiesel - Availability
Biodiesel - Australia Biodiesel - Brazil Biodiesel - Belgium Biodiesel - Canada Biodiesel - Germany Biodiesel - India Biodiesel - United States

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See also:

Biodiesel, Biodiesel - History, Biodiesel - Fuel quality standards and properties, Biodiesel - Production, Biodiesel - Base oils, Biodiesel - Efficiency and economic arguments, Biodiesel - Availability, Biodiesel - Australia, Biodiesel - Brazil, Biodiesel - Belgium, Biodiesel - Canada, Biodiesel - Germany, Biodiesel - India, Biodiesel - United States

Read more here: » Biodiesel: Encyclopedia II - Biodiesel - Fuel quality standards and properties

Biodiesel is a clear amber-yellow liquid with a viscosity similar to petrodiesel, the industry term for diesel produced from petroleum. It can be used as an additive in formulations of diesel to increase the lubricity of pure ultra-low sulfur petrodiesel (ULSD) fuel. Much of the world uses a system known as the "B" factor to state the amount of biodiesel in any fuel mix, in contrast to the "BA" system used for bioalcohol mixes. For example, 20% biodiesel is labeled B20. Pure biodiesel, 100%, is referred to as B100. ...

See also:

Biodiesel, Biodiesel - History, Biodiesel - Fuel quality, standards and properties, Biodiesel - Production, Biodiesel - Base oils, Biodiesel - Efficiency and economic arguments, Biodiesel - Availability, Biodiesel - Australia, Biodiesel - Brazil, Biodiesel - Belgium, Biodiesel - Canada, Biodiesel - Germany, Biodiesel - India, Biodiesel - United States

Read more here: » Biodiesel: Encyclopedia II - Biodiesel - Fuel quality, standards and properties

Biodiesel is commercially available in most oilseed-producing states in the United States. As of 2005, it is somewhat more expensive than fossil diesel, though it is still commonly produced in relatively small quantities (in comparison to petroleum products and ethanol). Many farmers who raise oilseeds use a biodiesel blend in tractors and equipment as a matter of policy, to foster production of biodiesel and raise public awareness. It is sometimes easier to find bio ...

See also:

Alternative fuel cars, Alternative fuel cars - Air car, Alternative fuel cars - Alcohol, Alternative fuel cars - Battery-electric, Alternative fuel cars - Biodiesel, Alternative fuel cars - Biogas, Alternative fuel cars - Flexible fuel, Alternative fuel cars - Hybrid, Alternative fuel cars - Hydrogen, Alternative fuel cars - Solar, Alternative fuel cars - Steam, Alternative fuel cars - See Also

Read more here: » Alternative fuel cars: Encyclopedia II - Alternative fuel cars - Biodiesel

Quality refers to the inherent or distinctive characteristics or properties of a person, object, process or other thing. Such characteristics may enhance a subject's distinctiveness, or may denote some degree of achievement or excellence. When used in relation to people, the term may also signify a personal character or trait. The term is sometimes contrasted with the concept of quantity. In science, the work of Aristotle focused on measuring quality, whereas the work of Galileo resu ...

Including:

Quality - In manufacturing Quality - Historical development of the concept Quality - In music Quality - In phonetics Quality - Finding related topics

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Alternative fuel cars refers to cars run on Alternative fuel; any method of powering an engine that does not involve petroleum. Alternative fuel cars - Air car. The air engine is an emission-free piston engine using compressed air as fuel that was invented by Guy Nègre, a French engineer. It uses the expansion of compressed air to drive the pistons in a modified piston engine. Efficiency of operation is gained through the use of environmental heat at normal temperature to warm the othe ...

Including:

Alternative fuel cars - Air car Alternative fuel cars - Alcohol Alternative fuel cars - Battery-electric Alternative fuel cars - Biodiesel Alternative fuel cars - Biogas Alternative fuel cars - Flexible fuel Alternative fuel cars - Hybrid Alternative fuel cars - Hydrogen Alternative fuel cars - Solar Alternative fuel cars - Steam Alternative fuel cars - See Also

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The use of ethanol as a fuel for internal combustion engines, either alone or in combination with other fuels, has been given much attention mostly because of its possible environmental and long-term economical advantages over fossil fuel. Both ethanol and methanol have been considered for this purpose. While both can be obtained from petroleum or natural gas, ethanol may be the most interesting because many believe it to be a renewable resource, easily obtained from sugar or starch in crops and other agricultural produce such ...

Including:

Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuels Ethanol fuel - Production and Distribution Ethanol fuel - Other alcohols Ethanol fuel - Ethanol and hydrogen Ethanol fuel - Alternate sources Ethanol fuel - Economics of corn ethanol in the U.S.A. Ethanol fuel - Net fuel energy balance
Ethanol fuel - Energy balance in the United States
Ethanol fuel - Arguments and criticisms
Ethanol fuel - Air pollution Ethanol fuel - Fire safety Ethanol fuel - Greenhouse gases Ethanol fuel - Renewable resource Ethanol fuel - Dependency on foreign oil and international crime Ethanol fuel - Statism Ethanol fuel - Cost
Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Colombia Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Brazil Ethanol fuel - U.S. National security

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Coke is a solid carbonaceous residue derived from low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. The volatile constituents of the coal (including water, coal-gas and coal-tar) are driven off by baking in an airless oven at temperatures as high as 1,000 degrees Celsius so that the fixed carbon and residual ash are fused together. Coke fuel - Properties & usage. Coke typically has a specific gravity in the range 1.85 - 1.9. It is highly porous, and a mass of coke has 40% greater volume than the equivalent mass of c ...

Including:

Coke fuel - Properties & usage Coke fuel - History Coke fuel - Other varieties

Read more here: » Coke fuel: Encyclopedia - Coke fuel

Alternative fuel is any method of powering an engine that do not involve petroleum (oil). Some alternative fuels are electricity, hythane, hydrogen, natural gas, wood, and vegetable oil. The need for the development of Alternative fuel sources, has been growing because of concerns that the reserves of oil are finite and will one day run out completly. See Oil depletion. The relative difficulty in obtaining oil which is a major cause of conflict, especialy in areas like the Middle East, has caused the price of oil to slowly rise ...

Including:

Alternative fuel - Alternatives to oil
Alternative fuel - Non-conventional oil Alternative fuel - Other fossil fuels and the Fischer-Tropsch process Alternative fuel - Nuclear power Alternative fuel - Fusion power Alternative fuel - Hydrogen

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To most people not professionally involved in water quality issues, water is either drinkable (technically potable) or contains potentially harmful or toxic substances. However, the vast majority of surface water on the planet is neither potable nor toxic. This remains true even if we eliminate from consideration the more than 97% of the earth's water found in the oceans (sea water)—too salty to drink. Another general perception of water quality is that of a simple property that tells whether water is polluted o ...

Including:

Water quality - Measurement of water quality Water quality - External link

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Fuel is a material with one type of energy which can be transformed into another usable energy. A common example is potential energy being converted into kinetic energy, (as heat and mechanical work). In many cases this is just something that will burn. Fuel - Fuels. Fuel - Solid fuels. There are many different types of fuel. Solid fuels include coal, wood and peat. All these types of fuel are combustible (they create fire and heat). Coal was burnt by steam trains ...

Including:

Fuel - Fuels
Fuel - Solid fuels Fuel - Liquid and gas fuels Fuel - Nuclear fuels
Fuel - Other fuel Fuel - Fuel values

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The well-being or quality of life of a population is an important concern in economics and political science. There are many components to well-being. A large part is standard of living, the amount of money and access to goods and services that a person has; these numbers are fairly easily measured. Others like freedom, happiness, art, environmental health, and innovation are far harder to measure. This has created an inevitable imbalance as programs and policies are created to fit the easily available economic numbers while ignoring the other me ...

Including:

Quality of life - Measuring quality of life Quality of life - Application in politics Quality of life - New Zealand Quality of life - North America

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The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a standardized index of the air quality in a given location, given in parts per billion. It measures mainly ground-level ozone and particulates (except the pollen count), but may also include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide. Various agencies around the world measure such indices, though definitions may change between places. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Meteorological S ...

Including:

Air Quality Index - Other Indexes

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The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a cipher (a method for encrypting information) selected as an official Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for the United States in 1976, and which has subsequently enjoyed widespread use internationally. The algorithm was initially controversial, with classified design elements, a relatively short key length, and suspicions about a National Security Agency (NSA) backdoor. DES consequently came under intense academic scrutiny, and motivated the ...

Including:

Data Encryption Standard - History of DES
Data Encryption Standard - NSA's involvement in the design Data Encryption Standard - The algorithm as a standard Data Encryption Standard - Chronology
Data Encryption Standard - Replacement algorithms Data Encryption Standard - Description
Data Encryption Standard - Overall structure Data Encryption Standard - The Feistel F function Data Encryption Standard - Key schedule
Data Encryption Standard - Security and cryptanalysis
Data Encryption Standard - Brute force attack Data Encryption Standard - Attacks faster than brute-force Data Encryption Standard - Minor cryptanalytic properties

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Biodiesel can be obtained from vegetable oil and animal fats (bio-lipids, using transesterification). Biodiesel is a non-fossil fuel alternative to petrodiesel. It can also be mixed with petrodiesel in any amount in modern engines, though when first using it , the solvent properties of the fuel tend to clear out all the garbage that has built up from the petrodiesel and can clog fuel filters. Biodiesel has a lower gel point than regular diesel, but is comparable to diesel #2. This can be overcome by using a biodiesel/petrodiesel blend, or by ...

See also:

Diesel, Diesel - Petroleum diesel, Diesel - Chemical composition, Diesel - Synthetic diesel, Diesel - Biodiesel, Diesel - Uses, Diesel - Other uses, Diesel - Notes

Read more here: » Diesel: Encyclopedia II - Diesel - Biodiesel

Wood burning is the largest current use of biomass derived energy. Wood can be used as a solid fuel for cooking or heating, or occasionally for steam engines. The use of wood as a fuel source for home heat is as old as civilization itself. Historically, it was limited in use only by the distribution of technology required to make a spark. Wood heat is still common throughout much of the world, although it has been mainly replaced with coal, oil or natural gas heating. Early examples include the use of wood heat in tents. Fires were constructed on the ground, and a smoke hole in the top of the ...

Including:

Wood fuel - Energy Content Wood fuel - Combustion by-products Wood fuel - Environmental Impact Wood fuel - Firewood
Wood fuel - Measurement of firewood
Wood fuel - European use of wood fuel Wood fuel - United States use of wood heat
Wood fuel - 1973 energy crisis Wood fuel - Today

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Biodiesel can be obtained from vegetable oil and animal fats (bio-lipids, using transesterification). Biodiesel is a non-fossil fuel alternative to petrodiesel. It can also be mixed with petrodiesel in any amount in modern engines, though it is a strong solvent and can cause problems in some cases. There have been reports that a diesel-biodiesel mix results in lower emissions than either can achieve alone. A small percentage of biodiesel can be used as an additive in low-sulfur formulations of diesel to increase the lubricating ability that ...

See also:

Diesel, Diesel - Petroleum diesel, Diesel - Chemical composition, Diesel - Synthetic diesel, Diesel - Biodiesel, Diesel - Uses, Diesel - Other uses, Diesel - Notes

Read more here: » Diesel: Encyclopedia II - Diesel - Biodiesel

PDQ is a field of PLM relating to the quality of product data, particularly the geometrical and organizational quality of CAD data. Checkers, software that analysis CAD data formats, are often employed before and after data translation. The checkers can check the organization and quality of the data against internal company standards and international or industry standards. These checkers can be built into specific CAD packages ...

See also:

CAD standards, CAD standards - AEC Architecture Engineering and Construction Standards, CAD standards - CAD Layer Standards, CAD standards - Line Thickness, CAD standards - Text and dimension, CAD standards - Scales, CAD standards - File Naming Standards, CAD standards - MCAD Mechanical Standards, CAD standards - Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, CAD standards - Geometry Quality, CAD standards - Product Data Quality

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Note a: Each standard has its own criteria for how may times it may be exceeded, in some cases using a three year average. Note b: As of June 15, 2005, the 1-hour ozone standard no longer applies to areas designated with respect to the 8-hour ozone standard (which includes most of the United States, except for portions of 10 states). Source: USEPA ...

See also:

National Ambient Air Quality Standards, National Ambient Air Quality Standards - Standards

Read more here: » National Ambient Air Quality Standards: Encyclopedia II - National Ambient Air Quality Standards - Standards

Coke typically has a specific gravity in the range 1.85 - 1.9. It is highly porous, and a mass of coke has 40% greater volume than the equivalent mass of coal. Since the smoke-producing constituents are driven off during the coking of the coal, coke forms a desirable fuel for stoves and furnaces in which conditions are not suitable for the complete burning of bituminous coal itself. Coke may be burned with little or no smoke under combustion conditions which would result in a lar ...

See also:

Coke fuel, Coke fuel - Properties & usage, Coke fuel - History, Coke fuel - Other varieties

Read more here: » Coke fuel: Encyclopedia II - Coke fuel - Properties & usage