To be viable, an alcohol-based fuel economy should have positive net fuel energy balance. Namely, the total fuel energy expended in producing the alcohol — including fertilizing, farming, harvesting, transport, fermentation, distillation, and distribution, as well as the fuel used in building the farm and fuel plant equipment — should not exceed the energy contents of the product. This is a controversial subject charged with potential bias. Much of it depends on what is included and what is excluded from the calculation, particula ...

See also:

Ethanol fuel, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuels, Ethanol fuel - Production and Distribution, Ethanol fuel - Other alcohols, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol and hydrogen, Ethanol fuel - Alternate sources, Ethanol fuel - Economics of corn ethanol in the U.S.A., Ethanol fuel - Net fuel energy balance, Ethanol fuel - Energy balance in the United States, Ethanol fuel - Arguments and criticisms, Ethanol fuel - Air pollution, Ethanol fuel - Fire safety, Ethanol fuel - Greenhouse gases, Ethanol fuel - Renewable resource, Ethanol fuel - Dependency on foreign oil and international crime, Ethanol fuel - Statism, Ethanol fuel - Cost, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Colombia, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Brazil, Ethanol fuel - U.S. National security

Read more here: » Ethanol fuel: Encyclopedia II - Ethanol fuel - Net fuel energy balance

Vegetable oil or vegoil is fat extracted from plant sources, known as oil plants. Although in principle other parts of plants may yield oil, in practice seeds form the almost exclusive source. Vegetable oils are used as cooking oils and for industrial uses. Some types, such as rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, or castor oil, are not fit for human consumption without further processing. Like all fats, vegetable oils are esters of glycerin and a varying blend of fatty acids, and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic so ...

Including:

• Vegetable oil - Sources
• Vegetable oil - Extraction
• Vegetable oil - Industrial uses

Read more here: » Vegetable oil: Encyclopedia - Vegetable oil

Carbon dioxide is an atmospheric gas comprised of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. A very widely known chemical compound, it is frequently called by its formula CO2. In its solid state, it is commonly known as dry ice. Carbon dioxide derives from multiple sources including volcanic outgassing, the combustion of organic matter and respiration processes of living aerobic organisms. It is also produced by various microorganisms from fermentation and cellular respiration. Plants utilize carbon dioxide durin ...

Including:

• Carbon dioxide - Chemical and physical properties
• Carbon dioxide - Uses
• Carbon dioxide - Dry Ice
• Carbon dioxide - Uses
• Carbon dioxide - Handling
• Carbon dioxide - Biology
• Carbon dioxide - Atmosphere
• Carbon dioxide - Variation in the past
• Carbon dioxide - Oceans
• Carbon dioxide - History

Read more here: » Carbon dioxide: Encyclopedia - Carbon dioxide

Biofuel is any fuel that derives from biomass — recently living organisms or their metabolic byproducts, such as manure from cows. It is a renewable energy source, unlike other natural resources such as petroleum, coal and nuclear fuels. The carbon in biofuels was recently extracted from atmospheric carbon dioxide by growing plants, so burning it does not result in a net increase of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere. As a result, biofuels are seen by many as a way to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by using th ...

Including:

• Biofuel - Classes of Biofuels
• Biofuel - Solid
• Biofuel - Liquid
• Biofuel - Gaseous
• Biofuel - Other
• Biofuel - Energy content of Biofuel
• Biofuel - Problems and solutions
• Biofuel - International efforts

Read more here: » Biofuel: Encyclopedia - Biofuel

Yellow grease is a term from the rendering industry. It usually means used frying oils from deep fryers and restaurants' grease traps. It can also refer to lower-quality grades of tallow from rendering plants. Yellow grease is recovered, traded as a marginally valuable commodity, and has traditionally been used to spray on roads as dust control, or as animal feed additive. But waste restaurant grease has recently become more desirable as one source of biodiesel fuel for cars. Although most biodiesel is developed from renewable ...

Read more here: » Yellow grease: Encyclopedia - Yellow grease

The use of ethanol as a fuel for internal combustion engines, either alone or in combination with other fuels, has been given much attention mostly because of its possible environmental and long-term economical advantages over fossil fuel. Both ethanol and methanol have been considered for this purpose. While both can be obtained from petroleum or natural gas, ethanol may be the most interesting because many believe it to be a renewable resource, easily obtained from sugar or starch in crops and other agricultural produce such ...

Including:

• Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuels
• Ethanol fuel - Production and Distribution
• Ethanol fuel - Other alcohols
• Ethanol fuel - Ethanol and hydrogen
• Ethanol fuel - Alternate sources
• Ethanol fuel - Economics of corn ethanol in the U.S.A.
• Ethanol fuel - Net fuel energy balance
• Ethanol fuel - Energy balance in the United States
• Ethanol fuel - Arguments and criticisms
• Ethanol fuel - Air pollution
• Ethanol fuel - Fire safety
• Ethanol fuel - Greenhouse gases
• Ethanol fuel - Renewable resource
• Ethanol fuel - Dependency on foreign oil and international crime
• Ethanol fuel - Statism
• Ethanol fuel - Cost
• Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Colombia
• Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Brazil
• Ethanol fuel - U.S. National security

Read more here: » Ethanol fuel: Encyclopedia - Ethanol fuel

Arthur "Art" Bell, III (born June 17, 1945) is the founder and longtime host of the paranormal-themed radio program Coast to Coast AM. Though his work is much less frequent than in the past, he remains an occasional host. He is also the owner of radio station KNYE 95.1 FM in Pahrump, Nevada. Art Bell - Early years. Bell was born to Arthur Bell, Jr., a United States Marine Corps Captain, and Jane Bell, a Marine drill instructor. He was always interested in radio and at the age of 13 he became a licensed amat ...

Including:

• Art Bell - Early years
• Art Bell - Background
• Art Bell - Retirements and comebacks
• Art Bell - Philippine allegations
• Art Bell - Books
• Art Bell - Sources

Read more here: » Art Bell: Encyclopedia - Art Bell

Neither the oil nor the meal is considered edible immediately upon crushing the bean and extracting the crude vegetable oil. Animals fed raw meal will waste away, even though soy meal is high in protein. Researchers at Central Soya discovered that a trypsin inhibitor in soybeans could be deactivated by toasting the meal, and both licensed their invention, and sold soy meal augmented with vitamins and minerals as MasterMix, a product for farmers t ...

See also:

Vegetable oil, Vegetable oil - Sources of Vegetable Oil, Vegetable oil - Extraction, Vegetable oil - Production of Edible Oil, Vegetable oil - History of Vegetable Oils in the US, Vegetable oil - Industrial uses, Vegetable oil - Other References

Read more here: » Vegetable oil: Encyclopedia II - Vegetable oil - Production of Edible Oil

Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by the cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals (livestock). The practice of agriculture is also known as "farming", while scientists, inventors and others devoted to improving farming methods and implements are also said to be engaged in agriculture. More people in the world are involved in agriculture as their primary economic activity than in any other, yet it only accounts for four percent of the world's GDP.

• Agriculture - Overview
• Agriculture - History
• Agriculture - Crops
• Agriculture - Seed Testing
• Agriculture - World production of major crops in 2004
• Agriculture - Crop improvement
• Agriculture - Environmental problems
• Agriculture - Policy
• Agriculture - Agricultural Revolutions
• Agriculture - Methods

Read more here: » Agriculture: Encyclopedia - Agriculture

Biofuel - Solid. There are many forms of solid biomass that are combustible as a fuel1 such as: Wood — see wood fuel. Straw and other dried plants such as Miscanthus. Animal waste such as poultry droppings or cattle dung. Crops such as maize, rice, soybean, peanut and cotton (usually just the husks or shells) [2], including Sugarcan ...

See also:

Biofuel, Biofuel - Classes of Biofuels, Biofuel - Solid, Biofuel - Liquid, Biofuel - Gaseous, Biofuel - Other, Biofuel - Energy content of Biofuel, Biofuel - Problems and solutions, Biofuel - International efforts

Read more here: » Biofuel: Encyclopedia II - Biofuel - Classes of Biofuels

Bell's original program in Las Vegas was a political call-in talk radio show, but he tired of the format, believing there were too many such programs, especially in the wake of Rush Limbaugh's massive success. Bell abandoned political talk and began highlighting his long interest in UFOs, time travel, and other oddities, gaining a large following after he was syndicated in the early 1990s. At his peak popularity, Bell's program was syndicated on over 500 radio stations, and it claimed 15 million listeners nightly. In its current form, the show receives upwards of 30 million listeners with Bell as a co-host. [1] Bell broad ...

See also:

Art Bell, Art Bell - Early years, Art Bell - Background, Art Bell - Retirements and comebacks, Art Bell - Books, Art Bell - Sources

Read more here: » Art Bell: Encyclopedia II - Art Bell - Background

To be viable, an alcohol-based fuel economy should have positive net fuel energy balance. Namely, the total fuel energy expended in producing the alcohol — including fertilizing, farming, harvesting, transport, fermentation, distillation, and distribution, as well as the fuel used in building the farm and fuel plant equipment — should not exceed the energy contents of the product. This is a controversial subject charged with potential bias. Much of it depends on what is included and what is excluded from the calculation, particula ...

See also:

Ethanol fuel, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuels, Ethanol fuel - Production and Distribution, Ethanol fuel - Other alcohols, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol and hydrogen, Ethanol fuel - Alternate sources, Ethanol fuel - Net fuel energy balance, Ethanol fuel - Energy balance in the United States, Ethanol fuel - Arguments and criticisms, Ethanol fuel - Air pollution, Ethanol fuel - Fire safety, Ethanol fuel - Greenhouse gases, Ethanol fuel - Renewable resource, Ethanol fuel - Dependency on foreign oil and international crime, Ethanol fuel - Statism, Ethanol fuel - Cost, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Colombia, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in Brazil, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in the United States, Ethanol fuel - Ethanol fuel in the Midwest, Ethanol fuel - U.S. National security

Read more here: » Ethanol fuel: Encyclopedia II - Ethanol fuel - Net fuel energy balance

Hippie (also hippy) is a term originally used to describe some of the rebellious youth of the 1960s and 1970s. The word hippie was popularized by the late San Francisco Chronicle columnist Herb Caen. Caen's articles were always written with the help of notes and letters from his San Francisco fan base. He is also credited as among the first to include the words beatnik and yuppie in his column. Though not a cohesive cultural movement with manifestos and leaders, some hippies expressed their desire for change with ...

Including:

• Hippie - Origins
• Hippie - Politics
• Hippie - Drugs
• Hippie - Legacy
• Hippie - Characteristics
• Hippie - Pejorative connotations
• Hippie - Hippy
• Hippie - European countercultures after WW2
• Hippie - Bibliography

Read more here: » Hippie: Encyclopedia - Hippie

Common sources of vegetable oil include: Oilseeds: cashew castor bean - castor oil flax seed - linseed oil grape seed - grape seed oil hemp (cannabis) mustard poppy seeds - poppyseed oil rapeseed canola (cultivar of rapeseed) safflower sesame seed sunflower Other vegetable oils: almond apricot avocado corn (maize) - corn oil cotton plant seed - cotton ...

See also:

Vegetable oil, Vegetable oil - Sources, Vegetable oil - Extraction, Vegetable oil - Industrial uses

Read more here: » Vegetable oil: Encyclopedia II - Vegetable oil - Sources

Bell's original program in Las Vegas was a political call-in talk radio show, but he tired of the format, believing there were too many such programs, especially in the wake of Rush Limbaugh's massive success. Bell abandoned political talk and began highlighting his long interest in UFOs, time travel, and other oddities, gaining a large following after he was syndicated in the early 1990s. At his peak popularity, Bell's program was syndicated on over 500 radio stations, and it claimed 15 million listeners nightly. In its current form, the show receives upwards of 30 million listeners with Bell as a co-host. [1] Bell broad ...

See also:

Art Bell, Art Bell - Early years, Art Bell - Background, Art Bell - Retirements and comebacks, Art Bell - Philippine allegations, Art Bell - Books, Art Bell - Sources

Read more here: » Art Bell: Encyclopedia II - Art Bell - Background

Biofuel - Solid. There are many forms of solid biomass that are combustible as a fuel1 such as: Wood — see wood fuel. Straw and other dried plants such as Miscanthus. Animal waste such as poultry droppings or cattle dung. Crops such as maize, rice, peanut and cotton (usually just the husks or shells) Americans burning cor ...

See also:

Biofuel, Biofuel - Classes of Biofuels, Biofuel - Solid, Biofuel - Liquid, Biofuel - Gaseous, Biofuel - Other, Biofuel - Energy content of Biofuel, Biofuel - Problems and solutions, Biofuel - International efforts

Read more here: » Biofuel: Encyclopedia II - Biofuel - Classes of Biofuels

Coconut oil is considered by some to be a very healthy oil. Consumption of virgin coconut oil (unhydrogenated) is claimed to cause increased metabolism and an improved immune system, compared to diets rich in other polyunsaturated vegetable oils such as sunflower or canola oils. Coconut oil is high in saturated fat, which is commonly held to promote cardiovascular and heart disease as well as diabetes. However, populations consuming large quantities of coconut oil, eg Sri Lanka, Kerala and the Philippines, have far lower rates of hear ...

See also:

Coconut oil, Coconut oil - Physical properties, Coconut oil - Health effects, Coconut oil - Other uses

Read more here: » Coconut oil: Encyclopedia II - Coconut oil - Health effects

Titrations are often recorded on titration curves, whose compositions are generally identical: the independent variable is the volume of the titrant, while the dependent variable is the pH of the solution (which changes depending on the composition of the two solutions). The equivalence point is a significant point on the graph (the point at which all of the starting solution, usually an acid, has been neutralized by the titrant, usually a base). It can be calculated precisely by finding the second derivative of the titration curve and compu ...

See also:

Titration, Titration - Procedure, Titration - Titration curves, Titration - Biodiesel, Titration - Types

Read more here: » Titration: Encyclopedia II - Titration - Titration curves

The term "sunflower" is also used to refer to all plants of the genus Helianthus, many of which are perennial plants. What is called the flower is actually a head (formerly composite flower) of numerous flowers crowded together. The outer flowers are the ray florets and can be yellow, maroon, orange, or other colors. These flowers are sterile. The flowers that fill the circular head inside the ra ...

See also:

Sunflower, Sunflower - History, Sunflower - Greek myth, Sunflower - Description, Sunflower - Heliotropism, Sunflower - Cultivation and Uses, Sunflower - Flower formation, Sunflower - Gallery

Read more here: » Sunflower: Encyclopedia II - Sunflower - Description

There is a wide range of internal combustion engines corresponding to their many varied applications. Likewise there is a wide range of ways to classify internal-combustion engines, some of which are listed below. Although the terms sometimes cause confusion, there is no real difference between an "engine" and a "motor." At one time, the word "engine" (from Latin, via Old French, ingenium, "ability") meant any piece of machinery. A "motor" (from Latin motor, "mover") is any machine that produces mechanical power. Traditionally, electric motors are not referred to as "engin ...

See also:

Internal combustion engine, Internal combustion engine - History, Internal combustion engine - Non-compression, Internal combustion engine - Compression, Internal combustion engine - Applications, Internal combustion engine - Operation, Internal combustion engine - Parts, Internal combustion engine - Classification, Internal combustion engine - Principles of operation, Internal combustion engine - Engine cycle, Internal combustion engine - Fuel and oxidizer types, Internal combustion engine - Cylinders, Internal combustion engine - Ignition system, Internal combustion engine - Fuel systems, Internal combustion engine - Engine configuration, Internal combustion engine - Engine capacity, Internal combustion engine - Engine pollution, Internal combustion engine - Bibliography

Read more here: » Internal combustion engine: Encyclopedia II - Internal combustion engine - Classification