biochemical cascade - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), traumatic injuries to the brain, also called acquired brain injury, intracranial injury, or simply head inj...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia - Stroke
A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted. In brain tissue, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Complement System: Encyclopedia - Complement System
The complement system is derived from many small plasma proteins that form the complex biochemical cascade of the immune system, leading ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Penetrating Head Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Penetrating Head Injury - Mechanisms
In penetrating injury from high velocity missiles, injuries may occur not only from initial laceration and crushing of brain tissue by th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdural Hematoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdural Hematoma - Signs And Symptoms
Symptoms of subdural hemorrhage have a slower onset than those of epidural hemorrhages because the lower pressure veins bleed more slowly...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Complement System: Encyclopedia Ii - Complement System - Outline
The three pathways all generate homologous variants of the protease, C3-convertase. C3-convertase cleaves and activates C3, creating C3a ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Treatment
Stroke - Early assessment. It is important to identify a stroke as early as possible because patients who are treated earlier are more ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Complications
Sometimes, health complications occur in the period immediately following a TBI. These complications are not types of TBI, but are distin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdural Hematoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdural Hematoma - Features
Most of the time, subdural hematomas occur around the tops and sides of the frontal and parietal lobes (University of Vermont; Wagner, 20...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdural Hematoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdural Hematoma - Subtypes
Subdural hematomas are divided into acute, subacute, and chronic, depending on their speed of onset. Acute subdural hematomas that are du...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Causes Of And Risk Factors For Tbi
Half of all TBIs are due to transportation accidents involving automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, and pedestrians. These accidents are t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Types Of Tbi
The damage from TBI can be focal, confined to one area of the brain, or diffuse, involving more than one area of the brain. Diffuse traum...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Effects On Consciousness
Generally, there are five abnormal states of consciousness that can result from a TBI: stupor, coma, persistent vegetative state, locked-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdural Hematoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdural Hematoma - Pathophysiology
Collected blood from the subdural bleed may draw in water due to osmosis, causing it to expand, which may compress brain tissue and cause...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdural Hematoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdural Hematoma - Treatment
It is important that a patient receive medical assessment, including a complete neurological examination, after any head trauma. A CT sca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Penetrating Head Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Penetrating Head Injury - Pathophysiology
Though it is more likely to cause infection, penetrating trauma is similar to closed head injury such as cerebral contusion or intracrani...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Penetrating Head Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Penetrating Head Injury - Outcome
The highest velocity injuries tend to have the worst associated damage (Dawodu, 2004). Penetrating injury from any missile such as a bull...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Signs And Symptoms Of Tbi
Some symptoms are evident immediately, while others do not surface until several days or weeks after the injury. With mild TBI, the patie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Prevention
Prevention is an important public health concern. Identification of patients with treatable risk factors for stroke is paramount. Treatme...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdural Hematoma: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdural Hematoma - Risk Factors
Factors increasing the risk of a subdural hematoma include very young or very old age. As the brain shrinks with age, the subdural space ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - General Trauma
Other medical complications that may accompany a TBI include pulmonary (lung) dysfunction; cardiovascular (heart) dysfunction from blunt ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Disabilities Resulting From Tbi
Disabilities resulting from a TBI depend upon the severity of the injury, the location of the injury, and the age and general health of t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Types Of Stroke
Stroke - Ischemic stroke. Stroke is classified by its cause into two main types: ischemic and hemorrhagic. In ischemic stroke, which oc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Causes
Stroke - Ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is usually caused by atherosclerosis (fatty lumps in the artery wall), embolism (obstruction ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Prevention
Unlike most neurological disorders, head injuries can be prevented. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is an important part of the recovery process for a TBI patient. During the acute stage, moderately to severely injured pat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Treatment
Medical care usually begins when paramedics or emergency medical technicians arrive on the scene of an accident or when a TBI patient arr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Signs And Symptoms
The symptoms of stroke include the following: sudden numbness or weakness, especially on one side of the body (hemiplegia); reflexes ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Diagnosis
Stroke is diagnosed through several techniques: a neurological examination, blood tests, CT scans (without contrast enhancements) or MRI ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Risk Factors
The most important risk factors for stroke are hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and cigarette smoking. Other risks include heavy al...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - History
Over 2,400 years ago, Hippocrates (460 to 370 BC) was first to describe the phenomenon of sudden paralysis, which we now know is caused b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Prognosis
Disability affects 75% of stroke survivors enough to decrease their employability (Coffey et al., 2000 p.601). Stroke can affect patients...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Epidemiology
TBI is a major public health problem, especially among males ages 15 to 24, and among elderly people of both sexes 75 years and older. Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stroke: Encyclopedia Ii - Stroke - Prevention
Prevention is an important public health concern. Identification of patients with treatable risk factors for stroke is paramount. Treatme...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Traumatic Brain Injury: Encyclopedia Ii - Traumatic Brain Injury - Other Long-term Problems Associated With Tbi
Other long-term problems that can develop after a TBI include Parkinson's disease and other motor problems, Alzheimer's disease, dementia...   » Read the article