William Boyd is the name of many notable people: William Boyd (actor), better known as "Hopalong Cassidy" William Boyd (bassist) William Boyd (Colonel), United States Army Air Forces, base commander, Selfridge Field, Michigan, reprimanded in 1944 for ordering racially-segregated facilities for officers in violation of War Department regulations. (See Freeman Field Mutiny.) William Boyd (pathologist) William Boyd (writer) William Boyd (Moderator), former Moderator of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland William C. Boyd, the US immunologist

Read more here: » William Boyd: Encyclopedia - William Boyd

August 28 is the 240th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (241st in leap years), with 125 days remaining. August 28 - Events. 475 - The Pannonian general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital of Ravenna and appoints Romulus Augustus in his place. 489 - Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way into Italy. 1521 - The Turks occupy Belgrade 1542 - Reinforced wi ...

Including:

• August 28 - Events
• August 28 - Births
• August 28 - Deaths
• August 28 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 28: Encyclopedia - August 28

Welsh's first novel, Trainspotting, was published in 1993. Set in the mid-1980s, it uses a series of loosely-connected short stories to tell the story of a group of characters tied together by decaying friendships, heroin addiction and stabs at escape from the oppressive boredom and brutality of their lives in the housing schemes. It was released to shock and outrage in some circles and massive acclaim in others; Time Out called it "funny, unflinchingly abrasive, authentic and inventive", and The Sunday Times called Welsh "the best th ...

See also:

Irvine Welsh, Irvine Welsh - Work, Irvine Welsh - Themes, Irvine Welsh - Style, Irvine Welsh - Bibliography

Read more here: » Irvine Welsh: Encyclopedia II - Irvine Welsh - Work

The legality of Real Person Fiction is debated, as is that of all types of fan fiction. To date, unlike traditional fan fiction, only one cease and desist letter is known to have been issued: FanDomination.Net received the letter on March 17, 2003 from a representative of one of the members of the Atlanta Braves baseball team. In an attempt to avert possible legal action, websites which host stories involving real people include a piece of disclaiming text, which can also be found on many other fan fiction websites. Some authors also includ ...

See also:

Real person fiction, Real person fiction - Description, Real person fiction - History, Real person fiction - Controversy, Real person fiction - Real Person Slash, Real person fiction - Reaction to Real Person Fic, Real person fiction - Timeline, Real person fiction - 1970s - 1990s, Real person fiction - 2000s

Read more here: » Real person fiction: Encyclopedia II - Real person fiction - Controversy

Dubbing is often used to localize a foreign movie. The new voice track will usually be spoken by a voice artist. In many countries, most actors who regularly perform this duty are generally little-known, outside of popular circles such as anime fandom, for example, or when their voice has become indissociable from the role or the actor or actress whose voice they usually dub. Many of these actors also employ pseudonyms or go uncredited due to Actor's Guild regulations or simple desire to dissociate themselves from the role. However, famous l ...

See also:

Dubbing filmmaking, Dubbing filmmaking - Automated dialogue replacement / post-synch, Dubbing filmmaking - Foreign films, Dubbing filmmaking - Other uses, Dubbing filmmaking - Criticism and defence of dubbing

Read more here: » Dubbing filmmaking: Encyclopedia II - Dubbing filmmaking - Foreign films

Dubbing is often used to localize a foreign movie. The new voice track will usually be spoken by a voice artist. In some countries, such as France, Italy and Spain, these artists are almost as well known as the Hollywood actors and actresses whose voices they dub. In the US and Brazil however, most actors who regularly perform this duty are generally little-known or unknown outside of popular circles such as anime fandom, for example. Many of these actors also employ pseudonyms or go uncredited due to Actor's Guild regulations or simple desire to dissociate themselves from the role. Adding or replacing non-vocal sounds, s ...

See also:

Dubbing filmmaking, Dubbing filmmaking - Automated dialogue replacement / post-synch, Dubbing filmmaking - Foreign films, Dubbing filmmaking - Other uses, Dubbing filmmaking - Criticism and defence of dubbing

Read more here: » Dubbing filmmaking: Encyclopedia II - Dubbing filmmaking - Foreign films

The given summary is based on The Lord of the Rings as written by Tolkien. Pippin is six years younger than Merry, and thus is far younger than Frodo, who is fifty. He is a worthy accomplice to Merry's plans, but shows his age as well; he is still a cheerful, if occasionally thoughtless Hobbit, and is first to miss the comforts of Hobbit life. At Rivendell, Pippin is nearly denied the chance to accompany Frodo by Elrond who seriously considers using the youngest Hobbit as a messenger to the Shire. Gandalf, however, supports his and Merry's claims of friendship and loyalty, and Pippin ...

See also:

Peregrin Took, Peregrin Took - Character, Peregrin Took - Portrayal in adaptations, Peregrin Took - Unusual height, Peregrin Took - The Line of Pippin

Read more here: » Peregrin Took: Encyclopedia II - Peregrin Took - Character

In general, the authors seem to adopt the public personas of the celebrities in question as their own characters, building a fictional universe based on the real-life histories of their idols. Information from interviews, documentaries, music videos and more are hungrily assimilated into the "canon" on which the stories are based. Communities of writers can reinforce each other, building collective archetypes based on those public personas. Communities also develop their own ethics on what sort of stories are acceptable -- some are uncomfort ...

See also:

Real person fiction, Real person fiction - Description, Real person fiction - History, Real person fiction - Controversy, Real person fiction - Real Person Slash, Real person fiction - Reaction to Real Person Fic, Real person fiction - Timeline, Real person fiction - 1970s - 1990s, Real person fiction - 2000s

Read more here: » Real person fiction: Encyclopedia II - Real person fiction - Description

The earliest known RPF was written by the Brontë children from 1826 to approximately 1844. Based on the children's roleplaying game about the Napoleonic Wars, the series featured the Duke of Wellington and his two sons Charles and Arthur, and their arch-nemesis Alexander Percy, partly based on Napoleon. Over the years, Arthur evolved into an amazingly charismatic and powerful figure, the Duke of Zamorna. These stories were not published until well over a hundred years later, but the children used them to polish their writing skills ...

See also:

Real person fiction, Real person fiction - Description, Real person fiction - History, Real person fiction - Controversy, Real person fiction - Real Person Slash, Real person fiction - Reaction to Real Person Fic, Real person fiction - Timeline, Real person fiction - 1970s - 1990s, Real person fiction - 2000s

Read more here: » Real person fiction: Encyclopedia II - Real person fiction - History

His novels share a number of characters, giving the feel of a "shared universe" within his writing. For example, members from the cast of Trainspotting make cameo appearances in The Acid House and Marabou Stork Nightmares, and slightly larger appearances in Glue, whose characters then appeared in Porno. Irvine Welsh is known for writing mostly, but not exclusively, in his native Edinburgh Scots dialect. He generally transcribes dialects phonetically, ignoring the traditional orthographic practices of ...

See also:

Irvine Welsh, Irvine Welsh - Work, Irvine Welsh - Themes, Irvine Welsh - Style, Irvine Welsh - Bibliography

Read more here: » Irvine Welsh: Encyclopedia II - Irvine Welsh - Style

In Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated version of The Lord of the Rings, Pippin was voiced by Dominic Guard. In the live-action recordings Bakshi used for rotoscoping, Billy Barty was the model for several of the hobbits, but it is not clear whether Barty modelled for Pippin. In the 1980 animated version of The Return of the King, made for television, the character was voiced by Sonny Melendrez. In the 1981 BBC radio serial of The ...

See also:

Peregrin Took, Peregrin Took - Character, Peregrin Took - Portrayal in adaptations, Peregrin Took - Unusual height, Peregrin Took - The Line of Pippin

Read more here: » Peregrin Took: Encyclopedia II - Peregrin Took - Portrayal in adaptations

Dubbing is occasionally used on network television broadcasts of films which have dialogue that the network executives or censors have decided to replace; this is usually done to remove profanity. In most cases, the original actor does not perform this duty; instead, an actor with a similar voice is called in. The results are sometimes seamless, but in many cases the voice of the replacement actor sounds nothing like the original performer, which becomes particularly noticeable when extensive dialogue needs to be replaced. Among the films co ...

See also:

Dubbing filmmaking, Dubbing filmmaking - Automated dialogue replacement / post-synch, Dubbing filmmaking - Foreign films, Dubbing filmmaking - Other uses, Dubbing filmmaking - Criticism and defence of dubbing

Read more here: » Dubbing filmmaking: Encyclopedia II - Dubbing filmmaking - Other uses

Due to a special "Ent-draught" that Treebeard made him and Merry drink, Pippin and his cousin became the tallest Hobbits ever in history, surpassing his ancestor, Bullroarer Took, who was four feet and five inches tall. ...

See also:

Peregrin Took, Peregrin Took - Character, Peregrin Took - Portrayal in adaptations, Peregrin Took - Unusual height, Peregrin Took - The Line of Pippin

Read more here: » Peregrin Took: Encyclopedia II - Peregrin Took - Unusual height

Automated dialogue replacement (ADR) is a film sound technique involving the re-recording of dialogue after photography. It is called post-synchronisation (post-sync) in the UK. In conventional film production, a production sound mixer records dialogue during photography, but several uncontrollable issues, such as traffic or animal noise, during principal photography can cause the production sound to be unusable. When the film is in post-production, a Supervising Sound Editor or ADR Supervisor reviews all of the dialogue in the ...

See also:

Dubbing filmmaking, Dubbing filmmaking - Automated dialogue replacement / post-synch, Dubbing filmmaking - Foreign films, Dubbing filmmaking - Other uses, Dubbing filmmaking - Criticism and defence of dubbing

Read more here: » Dubbing filmmaking: Encyclopedia II - Dubbing filmmaking - Automated dialogue replacement / post-synch