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Berber languages | A Wisdom Archive on Berber languages | | Berber languages A selection of articles related to Berber languages | |
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More material related to Berber Languages can be found here:
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Berber languages
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Berber languages | |
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| | |  Berber languages: Encyclopedia - Berber
Algeria:
7,500,000
Tunisia:
200,000
Libya:
250,000+
Mauretania:
80,000
Egypt:
10,000
France:
1,000,000
Spain:
50,000
Israel:
50,000
Semitic
The Berbers (also called Imazighen, "free men", singular Amazigh) are an ethnic group indigenous to Northwest Africa, speaking the Berber languages of the Afro ...
Including:
Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia - Berber |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Berber - History The Berbers have lived in North Africa between western Egypt and the Atlantic Ocean for as far back as records of the area go. References to them occur frequently in ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Roman sources. Berber groups are first mentioned in writing by the ancient Egyptians during the Predynastic Period, and during the New Kingdom the Egyptians later fought against the Meshwesh and Lebu (Libyans) tribes on their western borders. Many Egyptologists think that from about 945 BC the Egyptians were ruled by Meshwesh immigrants who founded t ...
See also:Berber, Berber - Origin, Berber - Genetic evidence, Berber - Archaeological, Berber - Linguistic, Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region, Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans, Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior, Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans, Berber - Religions and beliefs, Berber - History, Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest, Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus, Berber - Modern-day Berbers, Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa, Berber - Famous Berbers, Berber - In ancient times, Berber - In medieval times, Berber - In modern times, Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic, Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia II - Berber - History |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Origin There is no complete certitude about the origin of the Berbers; however, various disciplines shed light on the matter.
Berber - Genetic evidence.
While population genetics is a young science still full of controversy, in general the genetic evidence appears to indicate that most northwest Africans (whether they consider themselves Berber or Arab) are predominantly of Berber origin, and that populations ancestral to the Berbers have been in the area since the Upper Paleolithic era. The genetically predomina ...
See also:Berber, Berber - Origin, Berber - Genetic evidence, Berber - Archaeological, Berber - Linguistic, Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region, Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans, Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior, Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans, Berber - Religions and beliefs, Berber - History, Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest, Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus, Berber - Modern-day Berbers, Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa, Berber - Famous Berbers, Berber - In ancient times, Berber - In medieval times, Berber - In modern times, Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic, Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Origin |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa Before the 9th century, most of Northwest Africa was a Berber-speaking area. The process of Arabization only became a major factor with the arrival of the Banu Hilal, a tribe sent by the Fatimids of Egypt to punish the Berber Zirid dynasty for having abandoned Shiism. The Banu Hilal reduced the Zirids to a few coastal towns, and took over much of the plains; their influx was a major factor in the Arabization of the region, and in the spread of nom ...
See also:Berber, Berber - Origin, Berber - Genetic evidence, Berber - Archaeological, Berber - Linguistic, Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region, Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans, Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior, Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans, Berber - Religions and beliefs, Berber - History, Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest, Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus, Berber - Modern-day Berbers, Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa, Berber - Famous Berbers, Berber - In ancient times, Berber - In medieval times, Berber - In modern times, Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic, Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia II - Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Famous Berbers
Berber - In ancient times.
Shoshenq I, (Egyptian Pharaoh of Libyan origin)
Masinissa, King of Numidia, North Africa, present day Algeria and Tunisia
Jugurtha, King of Numidia
Juba II, King of Numidia
Terence, (full name Publius Terentius Afer), Roman writer
Apuleius, Roman writer ("half-Numidian, half-Gaetulian")
Tacfarinas, who fought the Romans in the Aures Mountains
Saint Augustine of Hippo, (from Tagaste, was Berber, although he grew up spea ...
See also:Berber, Berber - Origin, Berber - Genetic evidence, Berber - Archaeological, Berber - Linguistic, Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region, Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans, Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior, Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans, Berber - Religions and beliefs, Berber - History, Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest, Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus, Berber - Modern-day Berbers, Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa, Berber - Famous Berbers, Berber - In ancient times, Berber - In medieval times, Berber - In modern times, Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic, Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Famous Berbers |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Religions and beliefs Berbers are predominantly Sunni Muslim, most belonging to the Maliki madhhab, while the Mozabites, Djerbans, and Nafusis of the northern Sahara are Ibadi Muslim. Sufi tariqas are common in the western areas, but rarer in the east; marabout cults were traditionally important in most areas.
Before their conversion to Islam, some Berber groups had converted to Christianity (often Donatist) or Judaism, while others had continued to practice traditional polytheism. Under the influence of Islamic culture, some syncretic religions briefly emerged, as amo ...
See also:Berber, Berber - Origin, Berber - Genetic evidence, Berber - Archaeological, Berber - Linguistic, Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region, Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans, Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior, Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans, Berber - Religions and beliefs, Berber - History, Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest, Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus, Berber - Modern-day Berbers, Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa, Berber - Famous Berbers, Berber - In ancient times, Berber - In medieval times, Berber - In modern times, Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic, Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Religions and beliefs |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region The appearance and the genetic make-up of Berbers is best examined together with that of their fellow Arabic-speaking inhabitants of North Africa; both share a predominant Berber ancestry.
Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans.
About 75% of Northwest Africans live on the coast. Berber groups such as the Rifains and Kabyles have the least sub-Saharan admixture (~2%) and the highest European admixture (~15%); Arabic-speaking groups have about 7% sub-Saharan admixture overall. Berber groups in this zone include:
Kabyles
Chawis ...
See also:Berber, Berber - Origin, Berber - Genetic evidence, Berber - Archaeological, Berber - Linguistic, Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region, Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans, Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior, Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans, Berber - Religions and beliefs, Berber - History, Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest, Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus, Berber - Modern-day Berbers, Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa, Berber - Famous Berbers, Berber - In ancient times, Berber - In medieval times, Berber - In modern times, Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic, Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors Read more here: » Berber: Encyclopedia II - Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Writing system - Types of writing system The oldest-known forms of writing were primarily logographic in nature, based on pictographic and ideographic elements. Most writing systems can be broadly divided into three categories: logographic, syllabic and alphabetic (or segmental); however, all three may be found in any given writing system in varying proportions, often making it difficult to categorise a system uniquely. The term complex system is sometimes used to describe those where the admixture makes classification problematic.
See also: phonemic and phonetic orthography.
See also:Writing system, Writing system - General properties, Writing system - Basic terminology, Writing system - History of writing systems, Writing system - Types of writing system, Writing system - Logographic writing systems, Writing system - Syllabic writing systems, Writing system - Alphabetic writing systems, Writing system - Featural writing systems, Writing system - Directionality Read more here: » Writing system: Encyclopedia II - Writing system - Types of writing system |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Syllable - Syllable structure The general structure of a syllable consists of the following segments:
Onset (obligatory in some languages, optional in others)
Rime
Nucleus (obligatory in all languages)
Coda (optional in some languages, highly restricted or prohibited in others)
In some theories of phonology, these syllable structures are displayed as tree diagrams (simil ...
See also:Syllable, Syllable - Syllable structure, Syllable - Syllables and suprasegmentals, Syllable - Syllables and phonotactic constraints, Syllable - Syllabification, Syllable - Syllables and stress, Syllable - Syllables and vowel tenseness, Syllable - Syllable-less languages, Syllable - References and recommended reading Read more here: » Syllable: Encyclopedia II - Syllable - Syllable structure |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Languages of Egypt - Minority Languages to be added
Languages of Egypt - Armenian Language.
Languages of Egypt - Berber Languages.
The Berber languages are represented by Siwi, spoken by about 5,000 around the Siwa Oasis.
Languages of Egypt - Coptic Language.
to be added.
The Coptic language, the only extant descendant of Egyptian, is today the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox Church.
See also: Languages of Egypt, Languages of Egypt - Official Language, Languages of Egypt - Ancient Egyptian Languages, Languages of Egypt - Arabic Language, Languages of Egypt - Minority Languages, Languages of Egypt - Armenian Language, Languages of Egypt - Berber Languages, Languages of Egypt - Coptic Language, Languages of Egypt - Greek Languages, Languages of Egypt - Nubian Languages, Languages of Egypt - Other languages, Languages of Egypt - See Also Read more here: » Languages of Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Languages of Egypt - Minority Languages |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - Ergative-absolutive language - Realization of ergativity Ergativity can be found in both in morphology and syntactic behavior.
Ergative-absolutive language - Morphological ergativity.
If the language has morphological case, then the verb arguments are marked thus:
The subject of a transitive verb (Strans) is marked with ergative case.
The subject of an intransitive verb (Sintrans) and the object of a transitive verb (O) are both marked with absolutive case.
The foll ...
See also:Ergative-absolutive language, Ergative-absolutive language - Ergative vs. accusative languages, Ergative-absolutive language - Realization of ergativity, Ergative-absolutive language - Morphological ergativity, Ergative-absolutive language - Syntactic ergativity, Ergative-absolutive language - Split ergativity, Ergative-absolutive language - Distribution of ergative languages, Ergative-absolutive language - Traces of ergativity in English, Ergative-absolutive language - Philippine languages as ergative, Ergative-absolutive language - Bibliography Read more here: » Ergative-absolutive language: Encyclopedia II - Ergative-absolutive language - Realization of ergativity |
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| | | | Berber languages: Encyclopedia II - France - Demographics Since prehistoric times, France has been a crossroads of trade, migrations, and invasions. Four basic European ethnic stocks - Celtic (Gallic and Breton), Aquitanian (Basque related), Latin, and Germanic (Franks, Visigoths, Burgundians, Vikings) - have blended over the centuries to make up its present population. Besides these "historic" populations, new populations have migrated to France since the 19th century: Belgians, Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, Poles, Armenians, Jews from Eastern Europe and the Maghreb, Arabs and Berbers from the ...
See also:France, France - Geography, France - History, France - Government and politics, France - Military, France - Administrative divisions, France - Economy, France - Demographics, France - Population, France - Languages, France - Cities, France - Culture, France - Marianne, France - Religion, France - Terminology, France - Origin of the country's name, France - Meanings of the name France, France - Miscellaneous topics, France - International rankings, France - Notes and references Read more here: » France: Encyclopedia II - France - Demographics |
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