Benevento - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Benevento: Encyclopedia - Benevento
Benevento is a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, capital of the province of Benevento, 32 miles northeast of Naples. It is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Benevento: Encyclopedia Ii - Benevento - History
Benevento - Benevento in antiquity. The site was the chief town of the Samnites, who took refuge here after their defeat by the Roman R...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carolingian Minuscule: Encyclopedia - Carolingian Minuscule
Carolingian or Caroline minuscule is a script developed as a writing standard in Europe so that the Roman alphabet could be easily recogn...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi: Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi
Alexander VI, (Rodrigo Borgia) (January 1, 1431 – August 18, 1503) pope (1492-1503), is the most memorable of the secular popes of the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 114: Encyclopedia - 114
114 - Events. First year of Yuanchu era of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty. Change of Patriarch of Constantinople from Patriarch Sedec...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Appian Way: Encyclopedia - Appian Way
The Appian Way (Latin: Via Appia) is the most important Roman road. It was called regina viarum, "the queen of the roads." Its constructi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles I Of Sicily: Encyclopedia - Charles I Of Sicily
Charles of Anjou (1227–1285), also Charles I of Sicily. He was King of Sicily 1262–1282 (and under that title, King of Naples 1282–...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Urban Ii: Encyclopedia - Pope Urban Ii
Urban II, né Otho of Lagery (or Otto or Odo) (1042 - July 29, 1099), was a pope from 1088 to July 29, 1099. He is most known for startin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Victor Iii: Encyclopedia - Pope Victor Iii
The Blessed Victor III, born as Dauferius (Benevento, 1026? – September 16, 1087), pope (May 24, 1086 until his death), was the success...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - William I Of Sicily: Encyclopedia - William I Of Sicily
William I (d. May 7, 1166) was king of Sicily from 1154 to 1166. He was the fourth son of Roger II and Elvira Alfonso of Castile, and gre...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Patron Saint: Encyclopedia - Patron Saint
In several forms of Christianity, but especially in Roman Catholicism, a patron saint has special affinity for a trade or group. St. Flor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Celestine V: Encyclopedia - Pope Celestine V
Saint Celestine V, né Pietro Angelerio (according to some sources Angelario or Angelieri or Angelliero or Angeleri), also known as Pietr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apennine Mountains: Encyclopedia - Apennine Mountains
The Apennine Mountains (Greek: Απεννινος; Latin: Appenninus--in both cases used in the singular; Italian: Appennini) is a mounta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 88: Encyclopedia - 88
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Ye...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Papal States: Encyclopedia - Papal States
The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, "States of the Church") was one of the major historical states of Italy bef...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 760: Encyclopedia - 760
760 - Events. Maya civilization city of Dos Pilas is abandoned. The church of Santa Sophia in Benevento is built (approximate date) In...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 542: Encyclopedia - 542
542 - Environmental change. An outbreak of the plague killed upwards of 100,000 in Constantinople and perhaps two million or more in t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 190 Bc: Encyclopedia - 190 Bc
Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Strega: Encyclopedia - Strega
Strega (or Liquore Strega), is an Italian herbal liqueur produced since 1860 by the S. A. Distilleria Liquore Strega in Benevento, Italy....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 663: Encyclopedia - 663
663 - Environmental change. A brief outbreak of plague hits Britain 663 - Births. 663 - Deaths. Boksin and Dochim, leaders of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Italy In The Middle Ages: Encyclopedia Ii - Italy In The Middle Ages - The Holy Roman Empire 9th-10th Centuries
At the end of the 8th century the popes definitely aspired to independence, and found a way to achieve it by allying with the Carolingian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor - Early Reign
Otto succeeded his father as king of the Germans in 936. He arranged for his coronation to be held in Charlemagne's former capital, Aache...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thermae: Encyclopedia Ii - Thermae - Building Layout
Within the building the baths were divided according to gender. Each gender had three pools: a hot one, a lukewarm one and a cool one. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of City Name Changes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of City Name Changes - Canada
List of city name changes - British Columbia. Fort Camosun → Fort Victoria → Victoria Wu'muthkweyum → Vancouver List of city n...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - History
Lombards - Origins and conquest of Italy. Their own traditions (preserved in the Origo Gentis Langobardorum) describe how they were for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - International E-road Network: Encyclopedia Ii - International E-road Network - Class A Roads
International E-road network - North-South reference. E05 - Greenock - Glasgow - Preston - Birmingham - Southampton ... Le Havre - Par...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - History
Lombards - Origins and conquest of Italy. Their own traditions (preserved in the Origo Gentis Langobardorum) describe how they were for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Patron Saint: Encyclopedia Ii - Patron Saint - Countries And Places Under Mary's Patronage
A large number of countries, places and groups claim the Blessed Virgin Mary as a patron, though usually under a specific title or appari...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pio Of Pietrelcina: Encyclopedia Ii - Pio Of Pietrelcina - Rome
On 20 February 1971, Pope Paul VI, speaking to the superiors of the Capuchin Order, said of Padre Pio: "Look what fame he had, what a wor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Iberian Pensinsula
When the Christian Reconquista, sweeping the Moors from the former caliphate of Cordoba and its taifa-remnants, transformed the territory...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - International E-road Network: Encyclopedia Ii - International E-road Network - Class A Roads
International E-road network - North-South reference. E05 - Greenock - Glasgow - Preston - Birmingham - Southampton ... Le Havre - Par...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Papal States: Encyclopedia Ii - Papal States - Origins
The Roman Catholic Church spent its first three centuries as an outlawed organization and was thus unable to hold or transfer property. A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Heribert: Encyclopedia Ii - Heribert - Life
He was born in Worms, the son of Hugo, count of Worms. He was educated in the school of Worms Cathedral and at the Benedictine monastery ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Rome: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Rome - Ancient Rome
History of Rome - Origins. Further information: Founding of Rome, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and    » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ponte Corvo: Encyclopedia Ii - Ponte Corvo - History
Although in the middle of the Kingdom of Naples, the town was an enclave of the Papal States from 1463 until captured by the French army ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Urban Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Pope Urban Ii - Crusades
Urban's crusading movement took its first public shape at the Council of Piacenza, where in March 1095 Urban received an ambassador from ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor - Early Reign
Otto succeeded his father as king of the Germans in 936. He arranged for his coronation to be held in Charlemagne's former capital, Aache...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Taranto: Encyclopedia Ii - Taranto - The Greek Period
Taranto - Foundation and splendour. Taranto was founded in 708 BC by Spartan immigrants. It is the only Spartan colony, and its origin ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sicilian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sicilian Language - Early Influences
The fact that Sicily is the largest island in the middle of the Mediterranean and that virtually all the peoples of the Mediterranean (an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi: Encyclopedia Ii - Pope Alexander Vi - Nepotism And Opposition
Borgia's elevation did not at the time excite much alarm, and at first his reign was marked by a strict administration of justice and an ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles I Of Sicily: Encyclopedia Ii - Charles I Of Sicily - Biography
Charles I of Sicily - Early Life. Charles was born in 1227, shortly after the death of his father, King Louis VIII. In his will, his fa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Benevento: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Benevento - Prelude
Charles reached Rome in 1265, but was temporarily halted by financial embarassments. Manfred, however, did not take the field against him...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carolingian Minuscule: Encyclopedia Ii - Carolingian Minuscule - Characteristics
Carolingian minuscule was clear and uniform, with rounded shapes, disciplined and above all, legible. Clear capital letters and spaces be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roger Ii Of Sicily: Encyclopedia Ii - Roger Ii Of Sicily - Rise To Power In Southern Italy
When William the duke of Apulia, son of Roger Borsa and grandson of Robert Guiscard, died childless in June of 1127, Roger claimed all Ha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Iberian Pensinsula
When the Christian Reconquista, sweeping the Moors from the former caliphate of Cordoba and its taifa-remnants, transformed the territory...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Serie C: Encyclopedia Ii - Serie C - Serie C1 Clubs 2005/06
Serie C - Serie C1/A. A.S. Cittadella (Cittadella) Fermana Calcio (Fermo) Genoa C.F.C. (Genoa) Giulianova Calcio (Giulianova) A.C. Lum...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor - Life
Frederick II Holy Roman Emperor - Early years. Born in Jesi, near Ancona, Frederick was the son of the emperor Henry VI. Some old chron...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apennine Mountains: Encyclopedia Ii - Apennine Mountains - Divisions
Modern geographers divide the range into three parts: northern, central and southern. Apennine Mountains - Northern Apennines. The nort...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi: Encyclopedia Ii - Pope Alexander Vi - Nepotism And Opposition
Borgia's elevation did not at the time excite much alarm, and at first his reign was marked by a strict administration of justice and an ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Spqr: Encyclopedia Ii - Spqr - Other Uses
A more humorous backronym of the initialism is the Italian phrase "Sono pazzi questi Romani", which translates into "These Romans are cra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Spqr: Encyclopedia Ii - Spqr - Other Uses
A more humorous backronym of the initialism is the Italian phrase "Sono pazzi questi Romani", which translates into "These Romans are cra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Life
Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard, who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), whi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - =germany
At first, the highest nobles -de facto at par with several Kings/emperors- were the incumbents of the stem duchies, such as: Duke of Swa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Administration
As an administrator, Charlemagne stands out for his many reforms: monetary, governmental, military, or ecclesiastical. Charlemagne - Mon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Royal Dukes
Four reigning European royal houses traditionally awarded dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective Sove...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Family
Charlemagne - Marriages and Heirs. His first wife was Himiltrude, married in 766. The marriage was never formally annulled. By her he ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Family
Charlemagne - Marriages and Heirs. His first wife was Himiltrude, married in 766. The marriage was never formally annulled. By her he ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Equivalents
The style duke has, like many high nobility titles, also been used to render non-European styles that are seen, by analogy (there is no e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - History
Originally Dux (Latin for leader) was a title given by the Romans to a general commanding a single military expedition and holding no oth...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Territory Of Today's France
The highest precedence in the realm, attached to a feudal territory, was given to the twelve original pairies, which also had a tradition...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Cultural Significance
Charlemagne, being a model knight as one of the Nine Worthies, enjoyed an important afterlife in European culture. One of the great medie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Cultural Significance
Charlemagne enjoyed an important afterlife in European culture. One of the great medieval literature cycles, the Charlemagne cycle or the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Italy In The Middle Ages: Encyclopedia Ii - Italy In The Middle Ages - Goths Byzantines Lombards 6th-8th Centuries
Italy was invaded by the Visigoths in the 5th century, and Rome was sacked by Alaric in 410. By the end of the century the peninsula was ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sicilian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sicilian Language - Linguistic Development From The Middle Ages
In 1000 AD the whole of modern day southern Italy, including Sicily, was a complex mix of small states and principalities, languages, rel...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sicilian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sicilian Language - Ethnologue Report On Sicilian
Sicilian language - Alternate names. The alternate names of Sicilian are: Calabro-Sicilian, Sicilianu, Siculu. The term "Calabro-Sicili...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roger Ii Of Sicily: Encyclopedia Ii - Roger Ii Of Sicily - Family
Roger II's first marriage was to Elvira Alfonso of Castile, a daughter of King Alfonso VI of Castile. When she died in 1135, rumors flew ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sicilian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sicilian Language - Spanish Period To The Modern Age
By the time the Aragonese crown was joined with the Spanish realm in the late 15th century, the tuscanisation of written Sicilian in the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sicilian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sicilian Language - Distinguishing Features Of Sicilian
Sicilian language - Gender and the formation of plurals. Generally speaking, Sicilian has the same ending for feminine nouns (and their...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi: Encyclopedia Ii - Pope Alexander Vi - French Involvement
Alexander made many alliances to secure his position, but fearing himself isolated he sought help from Charles VIII of France. As the kin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sicilian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sicilian Language - Language Situation Today
Sicilian is estimated to have millions of speakers. However, it remains very much a home language spoken among peers and close associates...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor - The Ottonian System
A key part of Otto's domestic policy lay in strengthening ecclesiastical authorities, chiefly bishops and abbots, at the expense of the s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - Historic Kings Of The Lombards
Lombards - Lething Dynasty. Tato (???) Lombards - Another Dynasty. Wacho (died 539) Waltari (539 - 546) Lombards - Gausian Dynas...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Rome: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Rome - Medieval Rome
History of Rome - Barbarian and Byzantine rule. In 476, the last Western Roman emperor Romulus Augustus, a puppet (like almost all empe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - International E-road Network: Encyclopedia Ii - International E-road Network - Signage
The European routes are signposted with a green number sign like this: There are different strategies for determining how frequently to s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charlemagne: Encyclopedia Ii - Charlemagne - Personal Appearance
Charlemagne's personal appearance is not known from any contemporary portrait, but it is known rather famously from a good description of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Italy In The Middle Ages: Encyclopedia Ii - Italy In The Middle Ages - Rise Of The Catholic Church 4th Century-8th Century
The Church (and especially the bishop of Rome, the pope) had played an important political role since the times of Constantine, who tried...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - Historic Kings Of The Lombards
Lombards - Lething Dynasty. Tato (???) Lombards - Another Dynasty. Wacho (died 539) Waltari (539 - 546) Lombards - Gausian Dynas...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - Sources
Much of our knowledge of the mythological and semi-mythological early history of the Lombard people comes from Paul the Deacon's History ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - International E-road Network: Encyclopedia Ii - International E-road Network - Numbering System
The route numbering system, defined by UNECE since 1975, went through a major change in 1992 and is now as follows (text and layout sligh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thermae: Encyclopedia Ii - Thermae - Remains Of Roman Baths
Thermae - Algeria. Timgad Thermae - United Kingdom. Bath - Roman Baths Bearsden, Greater Glasgow area, Scotland Exeter, Devon Jewr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor - Personality
Frederick II was a religious sceptic. He is said to have denounced Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad as all being frauds and deceivers of mankin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor - Heirs
All the heirs of Frederick met unlucky fates. Frederick's son Henry, sometimes styled Henry VII, especially during his period of rebelli...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Royal Dukes
Four reigning European royal houses traditionally awarded dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective Sove...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor - Law Reforms
His 1241 Edict of Salerno (sometimes called "Constitution of Salerno") made the first legally fixed separation of the occupations of phys...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Frederick Ii Holy Roman Emperor - Summary
Frederick II was considered singular among the European Christian monarchs of the Middle Ages. This was observed even in his own time, al...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - Historic Kings Of The Lombards
Lombards - Lething Dynasty. Tato (???) Lombards - Another Dynasty. Wacho (died 539) Waltari (539 - 546) Lombards - Gausian Dynas...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lombards: Encyclopedia Ii - Lombards - Sources
Much of our knowledge of the mythological and semi-mythological early history of the Lombard people comes from Paul the Deacon's History ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - International E-road Network: Encyclopedia Ii - International E-road Network - Numbering System
The route numbering system, defined by UNECE since 1975, went through a major change in 1992 and is now as follows (text and layout sligh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Equivalents
The style duke has, like many high nobility titles, also been used to render non-European styles that are seen, by analogy (there is no e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - Holy Roman Empire
Duke - Germany & The Netherlands / Belgium / Luxembourg. Duke of Brabant (claiming the rank of Archduke) Duke of Gelre (claiming t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apennine Mountains: Encyclopedia Ii - Apennine Mountains - Geology
The Apennines are the continuation of the Alpine chain, but the individual zones of the Alps cannot be traced into the Apennines. The zon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apennine Mountains: Encyclopedia Ii - Apennine Mountains - Character
The Apennines are to some extent clothed with forests, though these were probably more extensive in classical times (Pliny mentions espec...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi: Encyclopedia Ii - Pope Alexander Vi - Representations In Popular Culture
Pope Alexander VI - Books. Alexander VI and his family are the subjects of Mario Puzo's final novel The Family. Pope Alexander VI - Te...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carolingian Minuscule: Encyclopedia Ii - Carolingian Minuscule - Creation
The script ultimately developed from Roman Half Uncial and its cursive version, which had given rise to various Continental minuscule scr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carolingian Minuscule: Encyclopedia Ii - Carolingian Minuscule - Spread
The new script spread through Western Europe most widely where Carolingian influence was strongest. It reached far afield: the 10th centu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Duke: Encyclopedia Ii - Duke - History
Dux was a title given by the Romans to a general commanding a single military expedition and holding no other power than that which he ex...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carolingian Minuscule: Encyclopedia Ii - Carolingian Minuscule - Role In Cultural Transmission
Scholars during the Carolingian renaissance sought out and copied in the new legible standardized hand many Roman texts that had been who...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of City Name Changes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of City Name Changes - United Kingdom
List of city name changes - England. Aquae Solis → Bath Brycgstow → Bristol Camulodunum → Colchester Deva → Caester → Cheste...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Otto I Holy Roman Emperor - Campaigns In Italy And Eastern Europe
Meanwhile, Italy had fallen into political chaos. On the death (950), possibly by poisoning, of Lothair of Arles, the Italian throne was ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander Vi: Encyclopedia Ii - Pope Alexander Vi - Death And Reputation
On the 18th of August Alexander died at the age of 72. His death was followed by scenes of wild disorder, and Cesare, being himself ill, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thermae: Encyclopedia Ii - Thermae - Origin Of The Term
The word thermae is a Latin borrowing from the Greek adjective thermos, therme, thermon (hot). c.f. Thermopylae (the hot gates, gates of ...   » Read the article