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Belgium | A Wisdom Archive on Belgium | | Belgium A selection of articles related to Belgium | |
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More material related to Belgium can be found here:
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belgium, Belgium, Belgium - Communities and regions, Belgium - Culture, Belgium - Demographics, Belgium - Economy, Belgium - Geography, Belgium - History, Belgium - Notes, Belgium - Politics, Communications in Belgium, Education in Belgium, Football in Belgium, Foreign relations of Belgium, List of Belgian municipalities by population, List of Belgians, List of Belgium-related topics, Military of Belgium, Public holidays in Belgium, Tourism in Belgium, Transportation in Belgium
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Belgium | |
| | |  Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - Communities and regions
The country's constitution was revised on 14 July 1993 to create a unique federal state, based on three levels:
The federal government, based in Brussels.
The three language communities:
the Flemish (i.e., Dutch-speaking) Community;
the French (i.e., French-speaking) Community; and
the German-speaking Community.
The three regions (which differ from the language communities with respect to the German-speaking community and the Brussels region):
the Flemish Region;< ...
See also:Belgium, Belgium - History, Belgium - Politics, Belgium - Communities and regions, Belgium - Geography, Belgium - Economy, Belgium - Demographics, Belgium - Culture, Belgium - Notes Read more here: » Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - Communities and regions |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - Communities and regions The country's constitution was revised on 14 July 1993 to create a unique federal state, based on three levels:
The federal government, based in Brussels.
The three language communities:
the Flemish (i.e., Dutch-speaking) Community;
the French (i.e., French-speaking) Community; and
the German-speaking Community.
The three regions (which differ from the language communities with respect to the German-speaking community and th ...
See also:Belgium, Belgium - History, Belgium - Politics, Belgium - Communities and regions, Belgium - Geography, Belgium - Economy, Belgium - Demographics, Belgium - Culture, Belgium - Notes Read more here: » Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - Communities and regions |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Cults and governments - Belgium In Belgium, the Belgian Parliamentary Commission on Cults submitted a report to the Belgian Parliament in 1997. The report differentiated in its conclusions between three types of "sectes":
the sect in strict sense (la secte strictu sensu). a group distinguished by a particular belief which is a normal expression of religious freedom
harmful sectarian organizations (Les organisations sectaires nuisibles) defined as a group with real or pretended philosophic or religious vocation which in its organisation o ...
See also:Cults and governments, Cults and governments - Belgium, Cults and governments - China, Cults and governments - Council of Europe, Cults and governments - European Union, Cults and governments - France, Cults and governments - Germany, Cults and governments - Switzerland, Cults and governments - United Kingdom, Cults and governments - United States Read more here: » Cults and governments: Encyclopedia II - Cults and governments - Belgium |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - History Over the past two millennia, the area that is now known as Belgium has seen significant demographic, political and cultural upheavals. The first well-documented population move was the conquest of the region by the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC, followed in the 5th century by the Germanic Franks. The Franks established the Merovingian kingdom, which became the Carolingian Empire in the 8th century. During the Middle Ages, the Low Countries were split into many small feudal states. Most of them were united in the course of the 14th and ...
See also:Belgium, Belgium - History, Belgium - Politics, Belgium - Communities and regions, Belgium - Geography, Belgium - Economy, Belgium - Demographics, Belgium - Culture, Belgium - Notes Read more here: » Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - History |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Transportation in Belgium - Roads
Transportation in Belgium - Highways.
total: 149,018 km (2002)
highways: 1,729 km
regional roads: 12,610 km
others: 134,679 km
The highways[1] in Belgium are marked with a letter A and a number. Most often however the European numbering system is used. There is however not always a one-on-one relationship between the two numberingsystems along the whole length of the highways.
A1(E19): Brussels - Antwerp - Breda
A4(E411): Bru ...
See also:Transportation in Belgium, Transportation in Belgium - Railways, Transportation in Belgium - Rail links with adjacent countries, Transportation in Belgium - Roads, Transportation in Belgium - Highways, Transportation in Belgium - Ringways, Transportation in Belgium - National roads, Transportation in Belgium - Waterways, Transportation in Belgium - Pipelines, Transportation in Belgium - Ports and harbours, Transportation in Belgium - Sea ports, Transportation in Belgium - Main inland ports, Transportation in Belgium - European portuary context, Transportation in Belgium - Merchant marine, Transportation in Belgium - Airports, Transportation in Belgium - with paved runways, Transportation in Belgium - with unpaved runways, Transportation in Belgium - Heliports, Transportation in Belgium - Reference Read more here: » Transportation in Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Transportation in Belgium - Roads |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Transportation in Belgium - Airports Main article: List of airports in Belgium.
42 (1999 est.)
Transportation in Belgium - with paved runways.
total: 24
over 3,047 m: 6, including Brussels International Airport.
2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 6 (1999 est.)
Transportation in Belgium - with unpaved runways.
total: 18
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 16 (1999 est.)
Transpor ...
See also:Transportation in Belgium, Transportation in Belgium - Railways, Transportation in Belgium - Rail links with adjacent countries, Transportation in Belgium - Roads, Transportation in Belgium - Highways, Transportation in Belgium - Ringways, Transportation in Belgium - National roads, Transportation in Belgium - Waterways, Transportation in Belgium - Pipelines, Transportation in Belgium - Ports and harbours, Transportation in Belgium - Sea ports, Transportation in Belgium - Main inland ports, Transportation in Belgium - European portuary context, Transportation in Belgium - Merchant marine, Transportation in Belgium - Airports, Transportation in Belgium - with paved runways, Transportation in Belgium - with unpaved runways, Transportation in Belgium - Heliports, Transportation in Belgium - Reference Read more here: » Transportation in Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Transportation in Belgium - Airports |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Football in Belgium - Clubs
Football in Belgium - Matricule.
Several teams were created in the years 1870s and 1880s. The first club to register to the national association was R. Antwerp F.C. and it was subsequently assigned the matricule n°1. Each registered team was given a matricule in November 1926 by order of registration. The higher matricule is currently the n°9472 for F.C.M. Uccle. Though, many matricule numbers do not exist anymore since a lot of teams have merged. When two (or more) teams merge, they must choose which matricule ...
See also:Football in Belgium, Football in Belgium - Clubs, Football in Belgium - Matricule, Football in Belgium - Naming, Football in Belgium - European results, Football in Belgium - Football in Belgium by province, Football in Belgium - West Flanders, Football in Belgium - East Flanders, Football in Belgium - Antwerp, Football in Belgium - Limburg, Football in Belgium - Brabant, Football in Belgium - Hainaut, Football in Belgium - Namur, Football in Belgium - Liège, Football in Belgium - Luxembourg Read more here: » Football in Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Football in Belgium - Clubs |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Belgium - Constitution Main article: Constitution of Belgium.
The Constitution of Belgium was established on February 7, 1831. Its first major revision was in 1970 when, in response to a growing civil conflict between the Flemish-speaking and French-speaking communities in Brussels, the Government declared that "the unitary state, its structure and functioning as laid down by law, had become obsolete". The new constitution recognised the existence of regional differences within Belgium, but sought to reconcile these differences through a diffusion of ...
See also:Politics of Belgium, Politics of Belgium - Constitution, Politics of Belgium - Executive branch, Politics of Belgium - Head of state, Politics of Belgium - Federal government, Politics of Belgium - Regional and community governments, Politics of Belgium - Regional executives, Politics of Belgium - Provincial and local government, Politics of Belgium - Legislative branch, Politics of Belgium - Political parties and elections, Politics of Belgium - Latest result, Politics of Belgium - Electoral system, Politics of Belgium - Political parties, Politics of Belgium - Judicial branch, Politics of Belgium - Trade unions, Politics of Belgium - Linguistic challenge, Politics of Belgium - Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde district, Politics of Belgium - International organization participation Read more here: » Politics of Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Belgium - Constitution |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Transportation in Belgium - Railways Main article: Rail transport in Belgium
Total of 3,437 km (2,446 km electrified; 2,563 km double track) all on standard gauge of 1.435 m (1998).
NMBS/SNCB is the National Railway Company of Belgium.
Trains, unlike road traffic, run on the left.
City with metro system: Brussels (MIVB/STIB, see also Brussels Metro). Cities with light rail systems: Antwerp (De Lijn), Charleroi (TEC), Ghent (De Lijn). Some heavy metro infrastructures were built in Antwerp and in Charleroi and its suburbs, but these are currently used by light rail vehicles, and their conversion to full m ...
See also:Transportation in Belgium, Transportation in Belgium - Railways, Transportation in Belgium - Rail links with adjacent countries, Transportation in Belgium - Roads, Transportation in Belgium - Highways, Transportation in Belgium - Ringways, Transportation in Belgium - National roads, Transportation in Belgium - Waterways, Transportation in Belgium - Pipelines, Transportation in Belgium - Ports and harbours, Transportation in Belgium - Sea ports, Transportation in Belgium - Main inland ports, Transportation in Belgium - European portuary context, Transportation in Belgium - Merchant marine, Transportation in Belgium - Airports, Transportation in Belgium - with paved runways, Transportation in Belgium - with unpaved runways, Transportation in Belgium - Heliports, Transportation in Belgium - Reference Read more here: » Transportation in Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Transportation in Belgium - Railways |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Belgium - Political parties and elections
Politics of Belgium - Latest result.
Main article: Belgian general election, 2003
See also:
2004 Belgian regional elections
Politics of Belgium - Electoral system.
Several months before an election, each party forms a list of candidates for each district. Parties are allowed to place as many candidates on their "ticket" as there are seats available. The formation of the list is an internal process that varies with each party. The p ...
See also:Politics of Belgium, Politics of Belgium - Constitution, Politics of Belgium - Executive branch, Politics of Belgium - Head of state, Politics of Belgium - Federal government, Politics of Belgium - Regional and community governments, Politics of Belgium - Regional executives, Politics of Belgium - Provincial and local government, Politics of Belgium - Legislative branch, Politics of Belgium - Political parties and elections, Politics of Belgium - Latest result, Politics of Belgium - Electoral system, Politics of Belgium - Political parties, Politics of Belgium - Judicial branch, Politics of Belgium - Trade unions, Politics of Belgium - Linguistic challenge, Politics of Belgium - Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde district, Politics of Belgium - International organization participation Read more here: » Politics of Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Belgium - Political parties and elections |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Belgium - Trade About 80% of Belgium's trade is with fellow EC member states. Given this high percentage, it seeks to diversify and expand trade opportunities with non-EC countries. Belgium ranks as the 10th-largest market for the export of U.S. goods and services. If goods in transit to other European countries are excluded, Belgium still ranks as the 12th-largest market for U.S. goods.
Bilaterally, there are few points of friction with the U.S. in the trade and economic area. The Belgian authorities are, as a rule, anti-protectionist and try to mai ...
See also:Economy of Belgium, Economy of Belgium - Belgian economy in the 20th century, Economy of Belgium - Regional differences, Economy of Belgium - Flemish & Walloon economy:, Economy of Belgium - Brussels, Economy of Belgium - Antwerp, Economy of Belgium - Foreign investment, Economy of Belgium - Monetary, Economy of Belgium - Trade, Economy of Belgium - Employment, Economy of Belgium - Budget, Economy of Belgium - Overview, Economy of Belgium - Reference Read more here: » Economy of Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Belgium - Trade |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Belgium - Monetary Main article: Euro
On May 1, 1998, Belgium became a first-tier member of the Economic and Monetary Union. On January 1, 1999, the definitive exchange rate between the Euro and the BEF was established at BEF 40.3399. Belgium then gradually shifted from the use of the BEF to the use of the Euro as its currency by January 1, 2002. To minimize confusion the old BEF currency and the new Euro overlapped for a period of 2 months. After that, the BEF was withdrawn from circulation and can now only be changed into Euros at the ...
See also:Economy of Belgium, Economy of Belgium - Belgian economy in the 20th century, Economy of Belgium - Regional differences, Economy of Belgium - Flemish & Walloon economy:, Economy of Belgium - Brussels, Economy of Belgium - Antwerp, Economy of Belgium - Foreign investment, Economy of Belgium - Monetary, Economy of Belgium - Trade, Economy of Belgium - Employment, Economy of Belgium - Budget, Economy of Belgium - Overview, Economy of Belgium - Reference Read more here: » Economy of Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Belgium - Monetary |
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| | | | Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Belgium - Budget Although Belgium is a wealthy country, it overspent income and under-collected taxes for years. The Belgian Government reacted with poor macroeconomic policies to the 1973 and 1979 oil price hikes: it hired the redundant work force into the public sector and subsidized ailing industries--coal, steel, textiles, glass, and shipbuilding--in order to prop up the economy. As a result, cumulative government debt reached 121% by the end of the 1980s (versus a cumulative U.S. federal public debt/GNP ration of 31.2% in 1990). However, thanks to Belgi ...
See also:Economy of Belgium, Economy of Belgium - Belgian economy in the 20th century, Economy of Belgium - Regional differences, Economy of Belgium - Flemish & Walloon economy:, Economy of Belgium - Brussels, Economy of Belgium - Antwerp, Economy of Belgium - Foreign investment, Economy of Belgium - Monetary, Economy of Belgium - Trade, Economy of Belgium - Employment, Economy of Belgium - Budget, Economy of Belgium - Overview, Economy of Belgium - Reference Read more here: » Economy of Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Belgium - Budget |
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