Behistun Inscription

The name "Cyrus" (a Latin transliteration of the Greek Κῦρος) is the Greek version of the Old Persian Koroush or Khorvash, [in Persian khour means "sun" and vash is a suffix meaning "like"]. In modern Persian, Cyrus is referred to as Kourosh-e Kabeer — his Persian name with the Persian-derived "Great"). Cyrus, the son of a Persian noble and a Mede princess, was from the Achaemenid Dynasty, which ruled the kingdom of Anshan, in what is n ...

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Cyrus the Great, Cyrus the Great - Background, Cyrus the Great - The king of Persia, Cyrus the Great - Cyrus' wars, Cyrus the Great - Administration of the Empire, Cyrus the Great - The Cyrus Cylinder, Cyrus the Great - Death of Cyrus, Cyrus the Great - Legacy, Cyrus the Great - Sources

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The traditions about Cambyses, preserved by the Greek authors, come from two different sources. The first, which forms the main part of the account of Herodotus (3. 2-4; 10-37), is of Egyptian origin. Here Cambyses is made the legitimate son of Cyrus and a daughter of Apries named Nitetis (Herod. 3.2, Dinon fr. II, Polyaen. viii. 29), whose death he avenges on the successor of the usurper Amasis. (In Herod. 3.1 and Ctesias ...

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Cambyses II of Persia, Cambyses II of Persia - The traditions of Cambyses, Cambyses II of Persia - Darius' recount, Cambyses II of Persia - Conquest of Egypt, Cambyses II of Persia - Attempts to conquer south and west of Egypt, Cambyses II of Persia - The death of Cambyses, Cambyses II of Persia - The Lost Army Of Cambyses

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Gorgan has contributed to the rich literature, poetry and science of Iran and even the world by celebrities such as Abdolqaher Gorgani, Sayed Esmail Gorgani, Mirdamad , Mirfenderski, Asad Gorgani and Esmail Hosseini Gorgâni. Gorgan - Handicrafts. Gorgan (and in general, Golestan province), has a world famous carpet and rug industry. Made by Turkmans, they are derived from the ancient Persian city of Boxârâ (Buchara). Jajim carpets are the exclusives of this province. Gorgan - Attractions. ...

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Gorgan, Gorgan - Geography and climate, Gorgan - History, Gorgan - Culture, Gorgan - Handicrafts, Gorgan - Attractions, Gorgan - Colleges and Universities

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The wide Dasht-e Gorgan (the Plain of Gorgan), lies southeast of the Caspian Sea, bounded by the Caspian Sea in the west, high mountain ranges in the south and east, and the Iran-Turkmenistan border on the north. The plain is located North of the Town of Gorgan and is geographically bounded by 37°00' - 37°30' North latitude and 54°00' - 54°30' East longitude and covers an area of about 1,700 square kilometres. In general, Golestan has a moderate and humid climate known as "the moderate Caspian climate". The effective factors behin ...

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Gorgan, Gorgan - Geography and climate, Gorgan - History, Gorgan - Culture, Gorgan - Handicrafts, Gorgan - Attractions, Gorgan - Colleges and Universities

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Cyrus was distinguished no less as statesman than as a soldier. His statesmanship was particularly evident in his treatment of newly conquered peoples. By pursuing a policy of generosity instead of repression, and by favoring local religions, he was able to make his new subjects into enthusiastic supporters. A good example of this policy is his treatment of the Jews in Babylon. The Bible records that a remnant of the Jewish population returned to the Promised Land from Babylon, following an edict from Cyrus to rebuild the Temple, fully repro ...

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Cyrus the Great, Cyrus the Great - Background, Cyrus the Great - The king of Persia, Cyrus the Great - Cyrus' wars, Cyrus the Great - Administration of the Empire, Cyrus the Great - The Cyrus Cylinder, Cyrus the Great - Death of Cyrus, Cyrus the Great - Legacy, Cyrus the Great - Sources

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Darius belonged to a cadet branch of the Achaemenid dynasty. A relative of Cambyses, Darius belonged to one of the high-ranking Persian families that made up the nobility of the Persian Empire. When, after the suicide of Cambyses II (March 522 BC), the usurper Gaumata ruled undisturbed over the whole empire under the name of Bardiya (Smerdis), son of Cyrus, no one dared to gainsay him. None, that is, except Darius. Darius, "with the help of Ahuramazda", attempted to regain the kingdom for the royal family. His father Hystaspes was sti ...

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Darius I of Persia, Darius I of Persia - Rise to power, Darius I of Persia - The empire under Darius, Darius I of Persia - Governance, Darius I of Persia - Building projects, Darius I of Persia - Economy diplomacy and trade, Darius I of Persia - European and North African campaigns, Darius I of Persia - External link

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Armenians have their own highly distinctive alphabet and language. 96% of the people in the country speak Armenian, while 75.8% of the population speaks Russian as well. The adult literacy rate in Armenia is 99% [3]. Most adults in Yerevan can communicate in Russian, while English is increasing in popularity. Caucasian hospitality is legendary and stems from ancient tradition. Social gatherings focused around sumptuous presentations of course after course of elaborately prepared, well-seasoned (but not spicy-hot) food. The host or hos ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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Armenia has been populated by humans since prehistoric times, and has been proposed as the site of the Biblical Garden of Eden. Armenia was a regional empire with a rich culture in the years leading up to the 1st century, spanning from the shores of the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea and the Mediterranean Sea during the rule of Tigranes the Great. Armenia's strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many pe ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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The Government of Armenia's stated aim is to build a Western-style parliamentary democracy as the basis of its form of government. However, international observers have questioned the fairness of Armenia's parliamentary and presidential elections and constitutional referenda since 1995, citing polling deficiencies, lack of cooperation by the electoral commission, and poor maintenance of electoral lists and polling places. For the most part however, Armeni ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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Armenia has a population of 2,982,904 (July 2005 est.) and is the second most densely populated of the former Soviet republics. There has been a problem of population decline due to elevated levels of emigration after the break-up of the USSR. The rates of emigration and population decline, however, have been decreasing in the recent years, a trend which is expected to continue. In fact Armenia is expected to resume ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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Armenia is divided into 11 provinces (marzer, singular - marz): Aragatsotn (Արագածոտնի մարզ) Ararat (Արարատի մարզ) Armavir (Արմավիրի մարզ) Geghark'unik' (Գեղարքունիքի մարզ) Kotayk' (See also:

Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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Armenia is a landlocked country. It is part of Asia, It is found between the Black and the Caspian Seas, bordered on the north and east by Georgia and Azerbaijan, and on the south and west by Iran and Turkey. The terrain is mostly mountainous, with fast flowing rivers and few forests. The climate is highland continental: hot summers and cold winters. The land rises to 4,095 m above sea-level at Mount Aragats, and no point is below 400 m above sea level. Mount Ararat, regarded by the Armenians as a symbol of their land, is the highest mountain in the region and used to be part of Armenia until ar ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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Until independence, Armenia's economy was largely industry-based – chemicals, electronics, machinery, processed food, synthetic rubber, and textile – and highly dependent on outside resources. Agriculture contributed only 20% of net material product and 10% of employment before the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. Armenian mines produce copper, zinc, gold, and lead. The vast majority of energy is produced with fuel imported from Russia, including gas and nuclear fuel (for its one nuclear power plant); the main domestic energy source is hydroelectric. Small amounts of coal, gas, and pet ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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The text of the inscription is a statement by Darius I of Persia, written three times in three different scripts and languages: two languages side by side, Old Persian and Elamite, and Babylonian above them. Darius ruled the Persian Empire from 521 to 486 BC. Some time around 515 BC, he arranged for the inscription of a long tale of his accession in the face of the usurper Smerdis of Persia (and Darius' subsequent successful wars and suppressions of rebellion) to be inscribed into a cliff near the modern town of Bisistun, in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains of I ...

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Behistun Inscription, Behistun Inscription - The inscription, Behistun Inscription - In ancient history, Behistun Inscription - Discovery and translation, Behistun Inscription - After Rawlinson

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The first historical mention of the inscription is by the Greek Ctesias of Cnidus, who noted its existence some time around 400 BC, and mentions a well and a garden beneath the inscription dedicated by Queen Semiramis of Babylon to Zeus (the Greek analogue of Ahura Mazda). Tacitus also mentions it and includes a description of some of the long-lost ancillary monuments at the base of the cliff, including an altar to Hercules. What has been recovered of them, including a statue dedicated in 148 BC, is consistent with Tacitus' description. Diodorus also writes of " ...

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Behistun Inscription, Behistun Inscription - The inscription, Behistun Inscription - In ancient history, Behistun Inscription - Discovery and translation, Behistun Inscription - After Rawlinson

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