Beam may refer to: Beam (nautical), in nautical terminology,the most extreme width (or breadth) of a vessel, or a point alongside the ship at the mid-point of its length. The latter usage also appears in the expression "abeam". Beam (structure), a construction element Beam (music), is a connection line in musical notation BEAM robotics, an automatically moving machine based on analog electronics "Basic Enterprise Architecture Methodology", an acronym meaning , a procedure used for build

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Definition and meaning of beam:

beam - the widest part of a vessel

(Source: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) )

Also see these pages: Oceanography, Oceanography Sitemap, Coral Reef, Environment, Sustainability, Climate Change,

A beam bridge is a direct descendant of the log bridge now made from shallow steel "I" beams, box beams (hollow rectangular tubes), reinforced concrete, or post-tensioned concrete (concrete with tubes for cable tendons). It is frequently seen in pedestrian bridges and for highway overpasses and flyovers. As is its ancestor, this bridge is in structural terms the most simple of the many bridge types. ...

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The beam of a ship is its width at the widest point, or a point alongside the ship at the mid-point of its length. Generally speaking, the wider a ship (or boat)'s beam, the more initial stability she will have, at the expense of reserve stability in the event of a capsize, where more energy is required to right the vessel from its inverted position. Typical length:beam ratios for small sailboats are from 2:1(dinghies to trailerable sailboats around 20') to 5:1(racing sailboats over 30'). Large ships have widely varying beam ratios, s

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A beam splitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light in two. It is the crucial part of most interferometers. In its most common form, it is a cube, made from two triangular glass prisms which are glued together at their base using canada balsam. The thickness of the resin layer is adjusted such that (for a certain wavelength) half of the light incident through one "port" (i.e. face of the cube) is reflected and the other half is transmitted. Polarizing beam splitters, such as the Wollaston prism, use birefringent materials, s ...

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The Balance Beam is an artistic gymnastics apparatus. It is only used by female gymnasts. It made of a metal or steel frame and a wooden beam with a leather cover. The maximum exercise time is 1 minute 30 seconds. Balance beam gymnastics - Dimensions. Height 125 cm (including about 20 cm landing mats) Length 5 m Width 10 cm Balance beam gymnastics - Scoring. Competitors are expected to perform a number of elements. Judges reward eleg ...

Including:

• Balance beam gymnastics - Dimensions
• Balance beam gymnastics - Scoring

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In engineering mechanics, bending (also known as flexure) characterizes the behavior of a structural element subjected to a lateral load. A structural element subjected to bending is known as a beam. A closet rod sagging under the weight of clothes on clothes hangers is an example of a beam experiencing bending. Bending produces reactive forces inside a beam as the beam attempts to accommodate the flexural load: in the case of the beam in Figure 1, the material at the top of the beam is being compressed while the materia ...

Including:

• Bending - Stress in a beam

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A blazar is a galaxy with a very compact and highly variable energy source at the center of the host galaxy. Blazars are among the most violent phenomena in the universe and are an important topic in extragalactic astronomy. Blazars are members of a larger group of Active Galaxies, also termed Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). However, blazars are not a homogenous group and can be divided into two groups of galaxies: highly variable quasars, sometimes called Optically Violently Variable (OVV) quasars (these are a small subset of al ...

Including:

• Blazar - Structure
• Blazar - Relativistic Beaming
• Blazar - An Example
• Blazar - Beaming Away
• Blazar - Discovery
• Blazar - Current vision

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The second moment of area, also known as the second moment of inertia and the area moment of inertia, is a property of a shape that is used to predict its resistance to bending and deflection. It is derived with use of the parallel axes rule. The second moment of area is not the same thing as the moment of inertia, which is used to calculate angular acceleration. Second moment of area - Definition. Ix - the moment of inertia about the axis < ...

Including:

• Second moment of area - Definition
• Second moment of area - Unit
• Second moment of area - Second moment of area - rectangular cross section
• Second moment of area - Parallel axes rule
• Second moment of area - Stress in a beam

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Adaptive optics is a technology to improve the performance of (usually) astronomical telescopes by reducing the effects of atmospheric distortion, or astronomical seeing. Adaptive optics works by measuring the distortion and rapidly compensating for it either using deformable mirrors or material with variable refractive properties. While the technique was theoretically understood for some time, it was only advances in computer technology during the 1990s that finally made the technique practical. Adaptive optics should not be confused ...

Including:

• Adaptive optics - Introduction
• Adaptive optics - Uses of adaptive optics
• Adaptive optics - Beam stabilization

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Being focused on "reaction-based" behaviors (as originally inspired by the work of Rod Brooks), BEAM robotics attempts to copy the characteristics and behaviors of natural organisms, with the ultimate goal of domesticating these "wild" robots. BEAM robotics also promotes the value of aesthetics in the design of the device, as to prove the adage "form follows function" (a good-looking robot is often better built and more robust than a poor-looking one). See also:

BEAM robotics, BEAM robotics - Mechanisms and principles, BEAM robotics - BEAM robots, BEAM robotics - Microcontrollers, BEAM robotics - Types, BEAM robotics - Genera, BEAM robotics - Applications, BEAM robotics - Publications, BEAM robotics - Cited references, BEAM robotics - External articles and other references

Read more here: » BEAM robotics: Encyclopedia II - BEAM robotics - BEAM robots

At present, autonomous robots have limited commercial application, with present exceptions to the iRobot "Roomba", a few mowing robots, and military ROV fliers. In regard to BEAM, the greatest commercial success has been from Wow-Wee Robotics, where they've used the technology to develop the control structures for the "B.I.O.Bug" and "Robosapien" line of toys. Solarbotics is another commercial ave ...

See also:

BEAM robotics, BEAM robotics - Mechanisms and principles, BEAM robotics - BEAM robots, BEAM robotics - Microcontrollers, BEAM robotics - Types, BEAM robotics - Genera, BEAM robotics - Applications, BEAM robotics - Publications, BEAM robotics - Cited references, BEAM robotics - External articles and other references

Read more here: » BEAM robotics: Encyclopedia II - BEAM robotics - Applications

Lorenz directed an aircraft down a line, so two crossed beams could be used to fix a single spot. Several systems based on this idea were studied through the 1930s. Lorenz had a range of about 30 miles, enough for blind-landing but not good enough for bombing raids over England. In addition the beams of Lorenz were deliberately set wide enough that they could be easily picked up at some distance from the runway centerline, but this meant their accuracy at long ranges was fairly limited. This was not a problem for blind landing, where the dis ...

See also:

Battle of the beams, Battle of the beams - Background, Battle of the beams - Lorenz, Battle of the beams - Knickebein, Battle of the beams - X-Gerät, Battle of the beams - Y-Gerät

Read more here: » Battle of the beams: Encyclopedia II - Battle of the beams - Knickebein

Patents U.S. Patent 613809 - Method of and Apparatus for Controlling Mechanism of Moving Vehicle or Vehicles - Tesla's "telautomaton" patent; First logic gate. U.S. Patent 5325031 - Adaptive robotic nervous systems and control circuits therefor - Tilden's patent; A self-stabilizing control circuit utilizing pulse delay circuits for controlling the limbs of a limbed robot, and a robot incorporating such a circuit; artificial "neurons". U.S. Patent 5574347 - Apparatu ...

See also:

BEAM robotics, BEAM robotics - Mechanisms and principles, BEAM robotics - BEAM robots, BEAM robotics - Microcontrollers, BEAM robotics - Types, BEAM robotics - Genera, BEAM robotics - Applications, BEAM robotics - Publications, BEAM robotics - Cited references, BEAM robotics - External articles and other references

Read more here: » BEAM robotics: Encyclopedia II - BEAM robotics - Publications

As the electrons strike the workpiece, their energy is converted into heat, instantly vaporizing the metal under temperatures near 25,000 °C. The heat penetrates deeply, making it possible to weld much thicker workpieces than is possible with most other welding processes. However, because the electron beam is tightly focused, the total heat input is actually much lower than that of any arc welding process. As a result, the effect of welding on the surrounding material is minimal, and the heat-affected zone is small. Distortion is sligh ...

See also:

Electron beam welding, Electron beam welding - Operation, Electron beam welding - Equipment

Read more here: » Electron beam welding: Encyclopedia II - Electron beam welding - Operation

A neutral particle beam weapon ionizes hydrogen gas by either stripping an electron off of each hydrogen atom, or by allowing each hydrogen atom to capture an extra electron. When hydrogen gains electrons it forms anions; when hydrogen atoms lose electrons they form cations. This is why particle beam weapons may be called ion cannons. A particle beam weapon that accelerates anions uses a traveling wave type particle accelerator. In this kind of ion accelerator, the negative ions are released inside a cylindrical ion acceleration chamber. This chamber has an electrode with an a ...

See also:

Particle beam weapon, Particle beam weapon - How the beam is generated, Particle beam weapon - Early tests

Read more here: » Particle beam weapon: Encyclopedia II - Particle beam weapon - How the beam is generated

Beam bending is analyzed with the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation. The classic formula for determining the bending stress in a member is: σ is the bending stress M - the moment at the neutral axis y - the perpendicular distance to the neutral axis Ix - the second moment of inertia about the neutral axis x This equation is valid only when the stress at the extreme fiber (i.e. the portion of the beam furthest from th ...

See also:

Bending, Bending - Stress in a beam

Read more here: » Bending: Encyclopedia II - Bending - Stress in a beam

The Luftwaffe instead invested heavily in radio navigation systems to solve the same problem. Prior to the war they had deployed the Lorenz blind-landing aid at many airports and equipped most of their bombers with the radio equipment needed to use it. The Lorenz system worked by placing two radio transmitters close to each other, near the end of the runway. The antennas were fairly directional, projecting their signals slightly to each side of the runway centerline, one slightly left, the other slightly right. One broadcast a series ...

See also:

Battle of the beams, Battle of the beams - Background, Battle of the beams - Lorenz, Battle of the beams - Knickebein, Battle of the beams - X-Gerät, Battle of the beams - Y-Gerät

Read more here: » Battle of the beams: Encyclopedia II - Battle of the beams - Lorenz

The electron beam gun used in EBW both produces the electrons and accelerates them, using an emitter made of tungsten that emits electrons when heated. The electrons are then attracted to an anode inside the tool, where they collect and are then directed with magnetic forces resulting from focusing and deflection coils. These components are all housed in an electron beam gun column, in which a h ...

See also:

Electron beam welding, Electron beam welding - Operation, Electron beam welding - Equipment

Read more here: » Electron beam welding: Encyclopedia II - Electron beam welding - Equipment