The Battle of Stalingrad was a major turning point in World War II, and is considered the bloodiest battle in recorded human history. The battle was marked by the brutality and disregard for civilian casualties on both sides. The battle is taken to include the German siege of the southern Russian city of Stalingrad (today Volgograd), the battle inside the city, and the Soviet counter-offensive which eventually trapped and destroyed the German Sixth Army and other Axis forces in and around the city. Total casualties are estimated at be ...

Including:

• Battle of Stalingrad - Background
• Battle of Stalingrad - Operation Blau
• Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle Opens
• Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City
• Battle of Stalingrad - The Soviet Counter-attack
• Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Victory
• Battle of Stalingrad - Dramatization

Read more here: » Battle of Stalingrad: Encyclopedia - Battle of Stalingrad

See also:

Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Stalingrad - Background, Battle of Stalingrad - Operation Blau, Battle of Stalingrad - The battle opens, Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City, Battle of Stalingrad - The Soviet Counter-attack: Operation Uranus, Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Victory, Battle of Stalingrad - Dramatization

Read more here: » Battle of Stalingrad: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Stalingrad - Background

On 22 June 1941 Germany and its Axis allies invaded the Soviet Union, quickly advancing deep into Soviet territory. Having suffered defeat after defeat during the summer and autumn of 1941, Soviet forces counter-attacked in the Battle of Moscow in December 1941. The exhausted German forces, ill-equipped for winter warfare and with overstretched supply lines, were stopped in their drive towards the capital and in some cases driven back. The Germans stabilized their front by spring 1942. Plans to launch another offensive against Moscow ...

See also:

Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Stalingrad - Background, Battle of Stalingrad - Operation Blau, Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle Opens, Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City, Battle of Stalingrad - The Soviet Counter-attack, Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Victory, Battle of Stalingrad - Dramatization

Read more here: » Battle of Stalingrad: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Stalingrad - Background

Stalin forbade the evacuation of civilians from the city on the premise that their presence would encourage greater resistance from the city's defenders. Civilians including women and children were put to work building trenchworks and protective fortifications. A massive German air bombardment on 23 August caused a firestorm, killing thousands of civilians and turning Stalingrad into a vast landscape of rubble and burnt ruins. Eighty percent of the living space in the city was destroyed. The burden of the initial fighting for the city proper ...

See also:

Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Stalingrad - Background, Battle of Stalingrad - Operation Blau, Battle of Stalingrad - The battle opens, Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City, Battle of Stalingrad - The Soviet Counter-attack: Operation Uranus, Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Victory, Battle of Stalingrad - Dramatization

Read more here: » Battle of Stalingrad: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City

Stalin forbade the evacuation of civilians from the city on the premise that their presence would encourage greater resistance from the city's defenders. Civilians including women and children were put to work building trenchworks and protective fortifications. A massive German air bombardment on 23 August caused a firestorm, killing thousands of civilians and turning Stalingrad into a vast landscape of rubble and burnt ruins. Eighty percent of the living space in the city was destroyed. The burden of the initial fighting for the city proper ...

See also:

Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Stalingrad - Background, Battle of Stalingrad - Operation Blau, Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle Opens, Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City, Battle of Stalingrad - The Soviet Counter-attack, Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Victory, Battle of Stalingrad - Dramatization

Read more here: » Battle of Stalingrad: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Stalingrad - The Battle in the City

Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev (Russian: Васи́лий Григо́рьевич За́йцев) (23 March 1915 – 15 December 1991) was a Soviet sniper during World War II who between 10 November and 17 December 1942 during the Battle of Stalingrad killed 225 soldiers and officers of the Wehrmacht and other Axis armies, including 11 snipers (in Junior Lieutenant military rank). Prior to 10 November he had already killed 32 Axis soldiers with the ordinary Mosin rifle ("tryokhlineyka", three line rifle) [1]. It is estimated that ...

Including:

• Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev - Awards and honors

Read more here: » Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev: Encyclopedia - Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev

A battle of attrition is a military engagement in which neither side has any tactical advantage, so that the only result of the fighting is the loss of men and materiel on both sides. Battles of attrition can be very lengthy, and test both sides' ability and willingness to make good their losses. Notable battles of attrition include: Trench warfare in the American Civil War, notably the Siege of Petersburg. Trench warfare in World War I, including the Battle of the Somme (1916), the Battle of Verdun and ma ...

Read more here: » Battle of attrition: Encyclopedia - Battle of attrition

Volgograd ▶ (help·info) (Russian: Волгогра́д) (population: 1,012,000), formerly called Tsaritsyn ▶ (help·info) (Цари́цын, Caricyn) (1598–1925) and Stalingrad ▶ (help·info) (Including:

• Volgograd - History
• Volgograd - Economy
• Volgograd - Sister/friendship cities

Read more here: » Volgograd: Encyclopedia - Volgograd

Circumvallation is a standard military tactic of siege used in ancient and modern warfare. It describes the process of the attacking army building a line of fortifications around the besieged city facing towards the city (to protect itself from sorties by its defenders and to enhance the blockade). The resulting fortifications are known as 'lines of circumvallation'. Lines of circumvallation generally consist of earth ramparts and entrenchments that encircle the besieged city. The line of circumvallation can be used as a base for launching assaults against the besieged city o ...

Including:

• Circumvallation - Examples of circumvallation in military history

Read more here: » Circumvallation: Encyclopedia - Circumvallation

Caspian Flotilla (Каспийская флотилия in Russian, or Kaspiyskaya flotiliya), the oldest Russian military flotilla, stationed in the Caspian Sea. It has been awarded with the Order of the Red Banner in 1945. Caspian Flotilla (CF) was created in November of 1722 in Astrakhan by the order of Peter the Great. Led by the admiral Fyodor Apraksin, it participated in Peter's Persian campaign of 1722-1723 and the Russo-Persian War of 1804-1813, asssiting the Russian army in capturing Derbent and Baku in 1796. As a result of the Gulistan Treaty of 1813, CF remained the only military flotilla ...

Read more here: » Caspian Flotilla: Encyclopedia - Caspian Flotilla

Generally, a battle is an instance of combat in warfare between two or more parties wherein each group will seek to defeat the others. Battles are most often fought during wars or military campaigns and can usually be well defined in time, space and action. Wars and campaigns are guided by strategy whereas battles are the stage on which tactics are employed. German strategist Carl von Clausewitz stated that "the employment of battles to gain the end of war" was the essence of strategy. Battle - Characteristics of battle< ...

Including:

• Battle - Characteristics of battle
• Battle - The factors of battles
• Battle - Types of battle
• Battle - The differences among land battles throughout history
• Battle - The difference of naval battles throughout history
• Battle - Aerial battles throughout history
• Battle - Battle naming
• Battle - The effects of a battle

Read more here: » Battle: Encyclopedia - Battle

Robert William "Bob" Hoskins (born October 26, 1942) is a British actor best known for playing Cockney rough diamonds and gangsters, and for family films such as Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988, Eddie Valiant). Bob Hoskins - Early life. Born in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk (of part Roma descent), Bob Hoskins had a number of occupations before going into acting, and made his stage debut in 1969. He hit the big time in 1978 when he starred in Dennis Potter's successful BBC drama serial, Pen ...

Including:

• Bob Hoskins - Early life
• Bob Hoskins - Career

Read more here: » Bob Hoskins: Encyclopedia - Bob Hoskins

Definition and meaning of Battle of Stalingrad:

Battle of Stalingrad

This World War II battle of attrition between German and Soviet armies in Stalingrad, on the Volga River, from August 1942 to February 1943, ended with the surrender of the encircled German army.

(Source: Madrid Waddington High School )

Also see these pages:  American History, American History Sitemap, History, History Sitemap

Private Vasili Ivanovich Koslov (Red Army, 13th Guards Division) Battle of Moscow Dec 1941/Battle of Stalingrad, Dec 1942 Battle of Stalingrad, Dec 1942 Battle of Stalingrad, Feb 1943 Sergeant John Davis (British Army, 7th Armoured Division) Second Battle of El Alamein, Oct-Nov 1942 Tunisia Campaign, March 1943 Battle of Normandy, June 1944 Tank Commander David Welsh (British Army, 7th Armoured D ...

See also:

Call of Duty 2, Call of Duty 2 - Overview, Call of Duty 2 - Campaigns, Call of Duty 2 - Single Player, Call of Duty 2 - Multiplayer, Call of Duty 2 - Reaction, Call of Duty 2 - Gallery

Read more here: » Call of Duty 2: Encyclopedia II - Call of Duty 2 - Campaigns

In April 1942 Vasilievsky succeeded Boris Shaposhnikov as Chief of the General Staff. In this position Vasilievsky's great organisational skills were shown at their best. In late 1942 he was was the General Staff representative and overall supervisor of the Stalingrad Front, and together with Georgy Zhukov the main planner of the operations there, which led to Germany's greatest defeat on the Eastern Front. The historian David Glantz identifies Vasilievsky as the real architect of victory at the Battle of Stalingrad, arguing that Georgy Zhuk ...

See also:

Aleksandr Vasilevsky, Aleksandr Vasilevsky - Background and early career, Aleksandr Vasilevsky - Chief of the General Staff, Aleksandr Vasilevsky - Defence Minister

Read more here: » Aleksandr Vasilevsky: Encyclopedia II - Aleksandr Vasilevsky - Chief of the General Staff

"Kaukasus - hin und zurück" (Caucasus - there and back) was an ironic motto of the German soldiers, when the Caucasus campaign was ending. The German invasion of Caucasus took only six months - in August 1942, the Wehrmacht occupied vast territories in this area, and evacuated under Soviet pressure between January and February 1943. Such campaign if the southern planified extension of "Fall Blau" (Operation Blue)) also was included the Battle of Stalingrad inside Operation Barbarossa; the other objective was putting in practice the political lines traced by thinkers and planners respect at c ...

See also:

Reichskommissariat Kaukasus, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - Theoretical planning of German Caucasian province, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - German Caucasian Campaign, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - German undercover operations in Caucasian Campaign, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - Caucasian and Kossack collaborators at German Cause, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - Russian Caucasian counteroffensive, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - Kossacks Crimean and Caucasian volunteer units between German forces, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - Propaganda newspapers between Caucasian and Kossack units, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - Sources, Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - External link

Read more here: » Reichskommissariat Kaukasus: Encyclopedia II - Reichskommissariat Kaukasus - German Caucasian Campaign

The idea for a heavy infantry support vehicle capable of demolishing heavily defended buildings or fortified areas with a single shot came out of the experiences of the Battle of Stalingrad in 1942. At the time, the Wehrmacht had only the Sturminfanteriegeschütz 33 available, a Sturmgeschütz III variant armed with a 150 mm heavy infantry gun. Twelve of them were lost in the fighting at Stalingrad. Its succesor, the Sturmpanzer IV Brummbär was in production from early 1943, but the Wehrmacht still saw a need for a similar, bu ...

See also:

Sturmtiger, Sturmtiger - Development, Sturmtiger - Design, Sturmtiger - Armor, Sturmtiger - Weapons, Sturmtiger - Combat service

Read more here: » Sturmtiger: Encyclopedia II - Sturmtiger - Development

In the winter of 1942–1943 the Soviets conclusively won the Battle of Stalingrad. One complete German army had been lost, along with about 500,000 Germans and Axis allies, seriously depleting the Axis strength in the east. With an Allied invasion of Europe clearly looming, Hitler realized that an outright defeat of the Soviets before the western Allies arrived had become unlikely, and he decided to force the Soviets to a draw. In 1917 the Germans had built the famous Hindenburg line on the Western Front, shortening their lines and t ...

See also:

Battle of Kursk, Battle of Kursk - Background, Battle of Kursk - German plans, Battle of Kursk - Soviet plans, Battle of Kursk - Operation Citadel, Battle of Kursk - Preliminary Actions, Battle of Kursk - Main Battle, Battle of Kursk - Allied landing on Sicily, Battle of Kursk - Soviet counteroffensive, Battle of Kursk - Battle ends

Read more here: » Battle of Kursk: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Kursk - Background

Commands of the Sixth Army was given to Kronprinz Rupprecht von Bayern. During the execution of Plan 17, the army was stationed in the Central sector, covering Lorraine. In August 1914, in the Battle of Lorraine, Rupprecht's Sixth Army managed to hold against the French offensive, using a feigned withdrawal to lure the advancing armies onto prepared defensive positions. After the Westen front turned to stalemate and the opposing forces formed lines of trenches, the Sixth Army was based near Loos in Belgium. On 24 Septemb ...

See also:

German Sixth Army, German Sixth Army - World War I, German Sixth Army - World War II, German Sixth Army - Western campaigns, German Sixth Army - Eastern campaign - Stalingrad, German Sixth Army - Reformation - Battles in the East

Read more here: » German Sixth Army: Encyclopedia II - German Sixth Army - World War I

Despite heavy snowfalls, low supplies and the fact that they were completely surrounded, the constant movement of Hube's army meant that kessel fever did not set in. The troops were still orderly and disciplined, and desertions were almost non-existent. A far cry from the panicked situation within the Stalingrad and Korsun encirclements. By 5 April, the spearheads of both the northern and southern columns had reached the Strypa River, and on the 6th, near the town of Buczacz, they linked up with the spearheads of Hausser's SS D ...

See also:

Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket, Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Attack, Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Encirclement, Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Hube's Pocket, Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Breakout, Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Freedom, Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Order of Battle for First Panzer Army March 1944

Read more here: » Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket: Encyclopedia II - Kamenets-Podolsky Pocket - Freedom