He made an alliance with Niall mac Eochada, king of Ulaid, which helped to put pressure both from the north and south on the kingdoms of Mide, Brega and Dublin - ruled by the High King. This alliance paid off handsomly as the High King, who up till then had Dublin as a subject kingdom, was unable to prevent it slipping into the hands of Diarmait. ...

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Diarmait mac Mail na mBo, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Leinster the Norse and the Dal gCais, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Capture of Wexford, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Niall mac Eochada, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - The Man Who Would Be High King, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - The Sons of Harald II, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Death of Murchad and Diarmait, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Diarmait's Death in the Annals of the Four Masters, Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Source

Read more here: » Diarmait mac Mail na mBo: Encyclopedia II - Diarmait mac Mail na mBo - Niall mac Eochada

William was crowned king of England on Christmas day by Archbishop Ealdred of York. Matilda was crowned 17 months later. After capturing London, William returned to Normandy, and then came back to continue subduing the people of England. He got no rest as king, always battling. William even imprisoned Odo in 1082. William bled to death while campaigning when his horse stumbled and threw him against his saddle. As he w ...

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Bayeux Tapestry, Bayeux Tapestry - Origins of the Tapestry, Bayeux Tapestry - Modern history of the tapestry, Bayeux Tapestry - The story of the tapestry, Bayeux Tapestry - Mysteries of the tapestry, Bayeux Tapestry - The aftermath, Bayeux Tapestry - Gallery, Bayeux Tapestry - Additional Resources

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King Harald of Norway invaded northern England in September 1066 which left Harold of England little time to gather an army. Harold's forces marched north from London and surprised the Vikings at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on September 25th. It was an Anglo-Saxon victory, King Harald was killed and the Norwegians were driven out — it was the last Viking invasion of England. The victory however came at a great cost: the Anglo-Saxon army was left in a battered and weakened state. Meanwhile William had assembled an invasion fleet of around ...

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Norman Conquest of England, Norman Conquest of England - Origins, Norman Conquest of England - Conquest of England, Norman Conquest of England - Control of England, Norman Conquest of England - Significance, Norman Conquest of England - Governmental systems, Norman Conquest of England - Anglo-Norman and French relations, Norman Conquest of England - English cultural development, Norman Conquest of England - Legacy, Norman Conquest of England - Bibliography

Read more here: » Norman Conquest of England: Encyclopedia II - Norman Conquest of England - Conquest of England

The defense of both its own territory and its citizens overseas in later eras was driven by several military rivalries that often re-asserted themselves after other military objectives had been accomplished. These rivalries and objectives can often give a better understanding of French military history than a mere chronological listing. Military history of France - France's imperial objectives. Starting in the early 16th century, much of France's military efforts were put behind ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - Themes in French history

As the power of Rome weakened the area was taken over by the Franks. Around 500 AD the Franks controlled most of the area covered by modern France. In 507 allied with the Byzantine Empire they won the Battle of Vouillé against forces commanded by Alaric II In the 8th century the Franks were fighting off Islamic attacks from Spain. Two key battles were the Battle of Toulouse and the Battle of Tours which was won in spite of inferior numbers. By winning these battles the Fran ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - Franks

It could be said that French military history during this period parallels the rise and eventual fall of the armored Knight. In approximately the 10th century, iron armor started to replace that of other materials such as leather or bronze. At the same time, the development of agricultural techniques allowed the nations of northern Europe to radically increase food production, allowing the support of a large aristocracy. Although all the nations of northern Europe benefitted from these advances, France has a particularly favourable climate which allowed the development of a large aristocracy with sophisticated an ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - Middle Ages

On the death of King Edward IV, on 9 April 1483, the late King's sons (Richard's young nephews), King Edward V, aged 12, and Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, aged 9, were considered to be next in the order of succession. Appointed Lord Protector of the Realm in his brother's will, Richard was warned by Lord Hastings, that the Woodvilles were intending to isolate Richard from the position and to consolidate their power at Richard's expense. When the boy King's retinue was on its way from Wales to London, for his coronation, Ric ...

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Richard III of England, Richard III of England - Childhood, Richard III of England - Marriage, Richard III of England - Reign of Edward IV, Richard III of England - Accession to the Throne, Richard III of England - Coronation, Richard III of England - Death, Richard III of England - Succession, Richard III of England - Present Heir, Richard III of England - Legacy, Richard III of England - Popularity, Richard III of England - Fiction about Richard III, Richard III of England - Bibliography

Read more here: » Richard III of England: Encyclopedia II - Richard III of England - Accession to the Throne

"All Gaul is divided into three parts" -Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico Caesar's conquest of Gaul was met with little resistance initially. The 60 or so tribes that made up Gaul (which then consisted of France, Belgium and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands and Germany) were unable to unite to defeat the Roman army, a fact Caesar made use of by pitting one tribe against another. 58 B.C Caesar defeats the Germanic tribe of the Suebi, led by Ariovistus 57 B.C. Caesar conquers the Belgian Gauls after c ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - Gauls

The present heir of Richard III, of the House of York, and of England according to the strict application of the Laws of Inheritance (assuming the illegitimacy of Edward IV), is Michael Hastings (Michael Edward Abney-Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun, (b.1942, formerly Lord Mauchline)) who lives in Jerilderie, Australia. If there is any truth in the stories of the illegitimacy of Edward IV, the claim of the present Queen rests totally upon the cl ...

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Richard III of England, Richard III of England - Childhood, Richard III of England - Marriage, Richard III of England - Reign of Edward IV, Richard III of England - Accession to the Throne, Richard III of England - Coronation, Richard III of England - Death, Richard III of England - Succession, Richard III of England - Present Heir, Richard III of England - Legacy, Richard III of England - Popularity, Richard III of England - Fiction about Richard III, Richard III of England - Bibliography

Read more here: » Richard III of England: Encyclopedia II - Richard III of England - Present Heir

Military history of France - Roman and Ancient. Military history of France - Middle Ages. Medieval fortified towns include: Aigues-Mortes Avignon Carcassonne Military history of France - Early Modern. Between 1667 and 1707, the military engineer Vauban upgraded the fortifications of around 300 cities, built 37 new fortresses, and fortified military harbors. Military history of France - Tw ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - List of fortifications in France

Earlier zamindars in Bengal had been functionaries who merely held the right to collect revenue on behalf of the Mughal emperor and his representative or diwan in Bengal, who in turn would supervise their activity closely and ensure that they were neither lax nor overly stringent. However, the East India Company, on being awarded the diwani or overlordship of Bengal by the empire following the battle of Plassey in 1765, found itself short of trained administrators, especially those familiar with local custom and law. As a result, landholders ...

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Permanent Settlement, Permanent Settlement - Background, Permanent Settlement - Nature of the Permanent Settlement, Permanent Settlement - Influence of the Permanent Settlement

Read more here: » Permanent Settlement: Encyclopedia II - Permanent Settlement - Background

French historical military terms have been greatly influential and been adopted or become 'loan-words' to other languages common military language. French naval terms adopted by the English language: trophy and pilot (as in the English steersman). French general military terms adopted by the English language: aide-de-camp, bivouac, brigade, cartouche, cartridge, Colonel, corps, détente,enfilade, env ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Upon the death of William's cousin King Edward the Confessor of England (January 1066), William claimed the throne of England, asserting that the childless and purportedly celibate Edward had named him his heir during a visit by William (probably in 1052) and that Harold Godwinson, England's foremost magnate, had reportedly pledged his support while shipwrecked in Normandy (c. 1064). Harold made this pledge while in captivity and was reportedly tricked into swearing on a saint's bones that he would give the throne to William. Even if this st ...

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William I of England, William I of England - Early life history, William I of England - Conquest of England, William I of England - William's reign, William I of England - Death burial and succession, William I of England - Children of William and Matilda, William I of England - Honours

Read more here: » William I of England: Encyclopedia II - William I of England - Conquest of England

Upon the death of William's cousin King Edward the Confessor of England (January 1066), William claimed the throne of England, asserting that the childless and purportedly celibate Edward had named him his heir during a visit by William (probably in 1052) and that Harold Godwinson, England's foremost magnate and brother-in-law of the late King Edward the Confessor, had reportedly pledged his support while shipwrecked in Normandy (c. 1064). Harold made this pledge while in captivity and was reportedly tricked into swearing on a saint's bones ...

See also:

William I of England, William I of England - Early life history, William I of England - Conquest of England, William I of England - William's reign, William I of England - Death burial and succession, William I of England - Children of William and Matilda, William I of England - Honours

Read more here: » William I of England: Encyclopedia II - William I of England - Conquest of England

The word hauberk is derived from an old German word Halsberge, which simply means coat of mail. A simple version of the hauberk, of scale construction, consisted of a padded cloth jacket covered in cow horn, bronze or copper scales or other hard, flat material. Later, the shirts began to be constructed of interlinked metal rings, and were used in Europe as early as the 8th century in this form. This design developed into what is ordinarily known as a hauberk near the beginning of the Middle Ages, as chainmail technol ...

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Hauberk, Hauberk - History, Hauberk - Construction

Read more here: » Hauberk: Encyclopedia II - Hauberk - History

Paintball - Capture the Flag. The classic schoolyard game, with a paintball twist. Teams start on opposing sides and attempt to acquire the opponents' flag while protecting their own. Victory is achieved by being the first team to hang the opponents' flag on the designated location at or near their own starting location. Paintball - Center Flag. Similar to Capture the Flag, the game starts with a single flag at the center of the field instead of one at each end. The winner is the team that brings the flag to the opponent's end of the field.

Paintball, Paintball - Basic Paintball Games, Paintball - Capture the Flag, Paintball - Center Flag, Paintball - Elimination, Paintball - Styles of Play, Paintball - Woodsball, Paintball - Speedball, Paintball - Scenario paintball, Paintball - Tournament, Paintball - Formats, Paintball - X-Ball, Paintball - Reball, Paintball - Organizations, Paintball - Types of Players, Paintball - Types of Playing Locations, Paintball - Common rules of play, Paintball - The X foot/meter surrender rule, Paintball - Safety, Paintball - Paintball in popular culture, Paintball - Celebrities who play paintball partial list -- please add, Paintball - Paintball-like alternatives, Paintball - Common Misconceptions, Paintball - Paintball Lingo

Read more here: » Paintball: Encyclopedia II - Paintball - Basic Paintball Games

Houlgate is in the valley of the Drochon (once spelt Drauchon). The valley is mostly built up or used for animal grazing. The high parts of the town are covered by Houlgate's two woods: Le Bois de Boulogne and Le Bois de la Butte de Caumont. To the east of the centre is Houlgate golf course and the fresh water trout fishing "Etangs du Drochon". The commune is separated from Dives-sur-Mer and Villers-sur-Mer by cliffs. The cliffs to the east, having a rather dark colour, have been nicknamed the "cliffs of the dark cow ...

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Houlgate, Houlgate - Location, Houlgate - Administrative, Houlgate - People, Houlgate - History, Houlgate - Politics and urban regeneration, Houlgate - Commerce and nightlife, Houlgate - Gastronomy and food & drink, Houlgate - Visiting royalty and famous people, Houlgate - Industry

Read more here: » Houlgate: Encyclopedia II - Houlgate - Location

According to Ammianus Marecllinus[1] The king himself [Shapur II], mounted upon a charger and overtopping the others, rode before the whole army, wearing in place of a diadem a golden image of a ram's head set with precious stones, distinguished too by a great retinue of men of the highest rank and of various nations. But it was clear that he would merely try the effect of a conference on the defenders of the walls, since by the advice of Antoninus he ...

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Siege of Amida, Siege of Amida - Background, Siege of Amida - Siege, Siege of Amida - Outcome, Siege of Amida - Sources, Siege of Amida - External link

Read more here: » Siege of Amida: Encyclopedia II - Siege of Amida - Siege

He was the eldest son of Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros and Eleanor Beauchamp. His mother was daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick and his first wife Elizabeth Berkeley. Eleanor was an older half-sister of Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick and Anne Neville, Countess of Warwick. Thomas himself was an older maternal half-brother to Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset and Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset. ...

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Thomas de Ros 10th Baron de Ros, Thomas de Ros 10th Baron de Ros - Family, Thomas de Ros 10th Baron de Ros - Career, Thomas de Ros 10th Baron de Ros - Marriage and children

Read more here: » Thomas de Ros 10th Baron de Ros: Encyclopedia II - Thomas de Ros 10th Baron de Ros - Family

Paintball - Capture the Flag. The classic schoolyard game, with a paintball twist. Teams start on opposing sides and attempt to acquire the opponents' flag while protecting their own. Victory is achieved by being the first team to hang the opponents' flag on the designated location at or near their own starting location. Paintball - Center Flag. Similar to Capture the Flag, the game starts with a single flag at the center of the field instead of one at each end. The winner is the team that brings the flag to the opponent's end of the field.

Paintball, Paintball - Basic Paintball Games, Paintball - Capture the Flag, Paintball - Center Flag, Paintball - Elimination, Paintball - Styles of Play, Paintball - Woodsball, Paintball - Speedball, Paintball - Scenario paintball, Paintball - Tournament, Paintball - Formats, Paintball - X-Ball, Paintball - Reball, Paintball - Organizations, Paintball - Types of Players, Paintball - Types of Playing Locations, Paintball - Common rules of play, Paintball - The X foot/meter surrender rule, Paintball - Safety, Paintball - Paintball in popular culture, Paintball - Paintball-like alternatives, Paintball - Common Misconceptions, Paintball - Paintball Lingo

Read more here: » Paintball: Encyclopedia II - Paintball - Basic Paintball Games

By mid 1346, it was obvious that the English under Edward III had every intent of breaking the Truce of Malestroit and resuming (what would be known later as) the Hundred Years War with France. As a consequence of the Franco-Scottish Auld Alliance and Philip VI of France's fear of an impending English invasion of northern France (an area which the French were not yet prepared to defend), Philip VI sent David II of Scotland numerous appeals for assistance to blunt the coming English threat. Though Philip VI's pleas became especially desperate ...

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Battle of Neville's Cross, Battle of Neville's Cross - Background, Battle of Neville's Cross - The battle, Battle of Neville's Cross - Sources and further reading

Read more here: » Battle of Neville's Cross: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Neville's Cross - Background

The battle lasted about two hours, and began well for the king. Unfortunately for him, Sir William Stanley chose to enter the fray on Henry's side, with Lord Thomas Stanley abstaining from the conflict all together. Richard reached Ambion Hill first and his troops were well-rested going into the battle, while Henry's men had trouble lining up on the rough ground below (it is not clear why). Richard might have charged then, possibly slaughtering the disorganised Lancastrians, but he missed his chance. When Henry finally got ready, his ...

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Battle of Bosworth Field, Battle of Bosworth Field - The Campaign and its politics, Battle of Bosworth Field - The Battle, Battle of Bosworth Field - Consequences, Battle of Bosworth Field - Location, Battle of Bosworth Field - Popular culture

Read more here: » Battle of Bosworth Field: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Bosworth Field - The Battle