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1260: Encyclopedia - 1260
For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century.
1260 - Events.
1260 - Europe.
September 4 - The Senese Ghibellines, supp...
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Bahri Dynasty: Encyclopedia - Bahri Dynasty
The Bahri dynasty or Bahriyya Sultante المماليك البحرية was a Mamluk dynasty of Kipchak Turk origin that ruled Egypt from ...
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September 3: Encyclopedia - September 3
September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). There are 119 days remaining.
September 3 - Events.
36 BC - In the bat...
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Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Life In The Kingdom
The Latin population of the kingdom was always small; although a steady stream of settlers and new crusaders continually arrived, most of...
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Principality Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Principality Of Antioch - Foundation
While Baldwin of Boulogne and Tancred headed east from Asia Minor to set up the County of Edessa, the main army of the First Crusade cont...
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Baibars: Encyclopedia Ii - Baibars - Biography
He was a commander of the Mamluks in around 1250, when he defeated the Seventh Crusade of Louis IX of France. He was still a commander un...
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1260s: Encyclopedia Ii - 1260s - War And Politics
1260s - Europe.
1260 - The Baltic Samogatians and Curonians defeat the Teutonic knights in the Battle of Durbe.
1263 - October - Kin...
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Mamluk: Encyclopedia Ii - Mamluk - Overview
The first Mamluks worked for Abbasid caliphs in 9th century Baghdad. The Abbasids recruited them from enslaved mainly Turkic non-Muslim f...
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Ilkhanate: Encyclopedia Ii - Ilkhanate - Il-khans
Fragmentation. The regional states established during the disintegration of the Il-khanate raised their own candidates as claimants.
Mus...
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History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - The Fatimid Period
Jauhar immediately began the building of a new city, Cairo, to furnish quarters for the army which he had brought. A palace for the Calip...
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Mamluk: Encyclopedia Ii - Mamluk - Overview
The first Mamluks served the Abbasid caliphs in 9th century Baghdad. The Abbasids recruited them from enslaved mainly Turkic non-Muslim f...
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Lordship Of Sidon: Encyclopedia Ii - Lordship Of Sidon - Lords Of Sidon
Lordship of Sidon - Lordship of the Schuf.
The Schuf was created out of the Lordship of Sidon as a vassal around 1170. It was centred o...
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1260: Encyclopedia Ii - 1260 - Events
1260 - Europe.
September 4 - The Senese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of King Manfred of Sicily, defeats the Florentine Guelph...
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Baibars: Encyclopedia Ii - Baibars - Legacy
Baibars was a popular ruler in the Muslim World who had defeated the crusaders in 3 crusades. In order to support his military campaigns,...
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Baibars: Encyclopedia Ii - Baibars - Assessment
As the first great Sultan of the Bahri Mamluk dynasty, Baibars made the meritocratic ascent up the ranks of Mamluk society. He took final...
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Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Jerusalem In The Mid-12th Century
Baldwin II was succeded in 1131 by his daughter Melisende, who ruled jointly with her husband Fulk, the former Count of Anjou. During the...
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Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Disaster And Recovery
Amalric was succeeded by his young son, Baldwin IV, who was discovered at a very young age to be a leper. During Baldwin's reign the king...
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Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Foundation And Early History
The First Crusade was preached at the Council of Clermont in 1095 by Pope Urban II, with the goal of assisting the Byzantine Empire again...
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Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Kingdom Of Jerusalem - The Kingdom Of Acre
For the next hundred years, the Kingdom of Jerusalem clung to life as a tiny kingdom hugging the Syrian coastline. Its capital was moved ...
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Principality Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Principality Of Antioch - Antioch In The Byzantine Empire
After the fall of Edessa in 1144, Antioch was attacked by Nur ad-Din during the Second Crusade. Much of the eastern part of the Principal...
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History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - Period Of Burji Mamelukes
The Burji dynasty (1382-1517) proved especially turbulent, with political power-plays designating short-lived sultans. During the Burji d...
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History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - Bahri Mameluk Dynasty
The Mameluk sultans were drawn from the enfranchized slaves who formed the court and officered the arm. The sultans were unable to effect...
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History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - Ayyubid Period
Main article: Ayyubid dynasty
Saladin was confirmed as Nureddin's deputy in Egypt, and on the death of Nureddin on April 12, 1174 he took...
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History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - The Arab Conquest Of Egypt
Main article: Islamic conquest of Egypt
In 639 an army of some 4,000 men was sent against Egypt by the second caliph, Umar, under the com...
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Mamluk: Encyclopedia Ii - Mamluk - Mamluks In Egypt
Two Mamluk dynasties ruled Egypt: the Bahri (بحري meaning 'of the sea', referring to their center in al-Manial Island in the Nile, an...
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Mamluk: Encyclopedia Ii - Mamluk - Mamluks In France
Napoleon formed his own Mamluk corps in the early years of the 19th century, the last known Mamluk force. Even his Imperial Guard had Mam...
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Principality Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Principality Of Antioch - Vassals Of Antioch
Principality of Antioch - Lords of Saone.
The Lordship of Saone was centered on the castle of Saone, but included the towns of Sarmada ...
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Principality Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Principality Of Antioch - Early History
Bohemond was captured in battle with the Danishmends in 1100, and his nephew Tancred became regent. Tancred expanded the borders of the P...
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Mamluk: Encyclopedia Ii - Mamluk - Related Terms
Mameluco is a Portuguese word used to identify people of mixed European and Native American descent in South America. In the 17th and 18t...
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1260s: Encyclopedia Ii - 1260s - Culture
1260s - Science literature and industry.
1260 - Jacobus de Voragine compiles his work, the Golden Legend, a late medieval best-seller....
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