The Bastille was a prison in Paris, known formally as Bastille Saint-Antoine—Number 232, Rue Saint-Antoine. The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution. The event was commemorated one year later by the Fête de la Fédération. The French national holiday, celebrated annually on July 14 is officially the Fête Nationale, and officially commemorates the Fête de la Fédération, but it is commonly known in English as Bastille Day. < ...

Including:

Bastille - Early history Bastille - Storming Bastille - Historical assessment Bastille - Famous prisoners Bastille - Demolition Bastille - The area today

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See also:

Bastille, Bastille - Early history, Bastille - Storming, Bastille - Historical assessment, Bastille - Famous prisoners, Bastille - Demolition, Bastille - The area today

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The affair of the diamond necklace was a mysterious incident in the 1780s at the court of Louis XVI of France involving the queen Marie Antoinette. It concerned an unsavoury episode in which the wife of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, whose reputation was already tarnished by gossip and scandal, was implicated in a crime by contemporary public opinion. The Affair was historically significant as one of the events that led to the French populace's disillusionment with the monarchy, which eventually culminated in the French Revolution. ...

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Affair of the diamond necklace - The necklace Affair of the diamond necklace - The story Affair of the diamond necklace - The scandal Affair of the diamond necklace - Significance Affair of the diamond necklace - The affair in fiction Affair of the diamond necklace - Reference

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Dr. Benjamin Rush (December 24, 1745–April 19, 1813) was a Founding Father of the United States. Rush lived in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and was a physician, writer, educator, and humanitarian. He also was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and attended the Continental Congress. Later in life, he became a professor of medical theory and clinical practice at the University of Pennsylvania. Despite having a wide influence on the development of American government, he is not as widely known as many of his American contemporaries. Rush was also ...

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Benjamin Rush - Constitutional Ideas Benjamin Rush - Corps of Discovery Benjamin Rush - Religious views and vision Benjamin Rush - Controversial theories Benjamin Rush - Contributions to Medicine

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Marquis Bernard de Launay was the commander of the Bastille when it was stormed on July 14, 1789. He was killed by those who had stormed the prison (more literally, he was torn to shreds). This event happens in A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens on page 211. ...

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François-Marie Arouet (November 21, 1694 – May 30, 1778), better known by the pen name Voltaire (also called The Dictator of Letters), was a French Enlightenment writer, essayist, deist and philosopher. Voltaire is well-known for his sharp wit, philosophical writings, and defense of civil liberties, including freedom of religion and the right to a fair trial. He was an outspoken supporter of social reform despite strict censorship laws in France and harsh penalties for those who broke them. A satirical polemist ...

Including:

Voltaire - Biography
Voltaire - Early Years Voltaire - Exile to England Voltaire - Return to Paris Voltaire - Cirey Voltaire - Frederick the Great Voltaire - Ferney
Voltaire - Works
Voltaire - Major works Voltaire - Plays Voltaire - Poetry Voltaire - Prose and romances Voltaire - Historical Voltaire - Philosophy Voltaire - Miscellaneous Voltaire - Correspondence
Voltaire - Legacy Voltaire - Quotations
Voltaire - Misattribution

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Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes (1578 - December 15, 1621), was constable of France and the first duke of Luynes. He was the first son of Honoré d'Albert (d. 1592), seigneur de Luynes, who was in the service of the three last Valois kings and of Henry IV of France. Charles was brought up in court and attended the dauphin, who later became Louis XIII. The king shared his fondness for hunting and rapidly advanced him in favour. In 1615 he was appointed commander of the Louvre and counsellor, and the following year ...

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The Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal (Library of the Arsenal) in Paris is one of the branches of the Bibliothèque nationale de France. Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal - History. The collections of the library originated with the private library of Antoine René d'Argenson, marquis de Paulmy (1722–1787), installed in 1757 in the residence of the Grand Master of the Artillery, at the heart of the ancient Arsenal of Paris. The Arsenal itself was founded by King François I in the 16th century, later rebuilt by ...

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Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal - History Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal - The library today Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal - Major collections Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal - External link

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Quietism is a term with multiple meanings and definitions. Quietism is a Christian philosophy that swept through France, Italy and Spain during the 17th century, but it had much earlier origins. The mystics known as Quietists insist with more or less emphasis on intellectual stillness and interior passivity as essential conditions of perfection; and all have been officially proscribed as heresy in very explicit terms by the Roman Catholic Church. Quietism, according to Schopenhauer ...

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Quietism - Christian philosophy
Quietism - Origins of Christian philosophy Quietism - Theology
Quietism - Schopenhauer

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1 See Languages section for regional languages 2 Whole territory of the French Republic, including all the overseas departments and territories, but excluding the French territory of Terre Adélie in Antarctica where sovereignty is suspended since the signing of the Antarctic Treaty in 1959 3 Metropolitan (i.e. European) France only 4 French National Geographic Institute data 5 French Land Register data, which exclude lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than ...

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France - Geography France - History France - Government and politics France - Military France - Administrative divisions France - Economy France - Demographics
France - Population France - Languages France - Cities
France - Culture
France - Marianne France - Religion
France - Terminology
France - Origin of the country's name France - Meanings of the name France
France - Miscellaneous topics France - International rankings France - Notes and references

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During the French Revolution (1789-1799) democracy and republicanism replaced the absolute monarchy in France, and the French sector of the Roman Catholic Church was forced to undergo radical restructuring. While France would oscillate among republic, empire, and monarchy for 75 years after the First Republic fell to a coup d'état by Napoleon Bonaparte, the revolution nonetheless spelled a definitive end to the ancien régime, and eclipses both subsequent revolutions in the popular imagination. It is widel ...

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French Revolution - Causes French Revolution - History
French Revolution - The Estates-General of 1789 French Revolution - The National Assembly French Revolution - The National Constituent Assembly French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly and the fall of the Monarchy French Revolution - The Convention French Revolution - The Directory French Revolution - Other revolutions in French history

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Charles V the Wise (French: Charles V le Sage) (January 31, 1338 – September 16, 1380) was king of France (1364 to 1380) and a member of the Valois Dynasty. Born at Vincennes, Île-de-France, France, son of King Jean II and Bonne of Luxembourg. He was the first French heir to use the title dauphin after the region of Dauphiné was acquired by his father. He was crowned ...

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Charles V of France - Marriage Charles V of France - Issue

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1703 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State leaders From Categories: births - deaths 1703 - Events. February 2 - Earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - ...

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1703 - Events 1703 - Births 1703 - Deaths

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The commune (in French: commune, word appeared in the 12th century, from Medieval Latin communia, meaning a gathering of people sharing a common life, from Latin communis, things held in common) is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to US incorporated municipalities/cities. The closest equivlent to French communes in the U ...

Including:

Commune in France - General characteristics
Commune in France - Total number of communes Commune in France - Surface area of a typical commune Commune in France - Population of a typical commune Commune in France - Status of the communes
Commune in France - History of the French Communes
Commune in France - Kingdom of France Commune in France - French Revolution Commune in France - Trends after the French Revolution Commune in France - Current debate Commune in France - Intercommunality Commune in France - Future
Commune in France - Miscellaneous facts
Commune in France - Most and least populous communes Commune in France - Largest and smallest commune territories Commune in France - Most elevated commune Commune in France - Communes furthest away from the capital city of France Commune in France - Shortest and longest commune names Commune in France - Names of communes other than in French
Commune in France - Classification

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Count Alessandro di Cagliostro (June 2, 1743 – August 26, 1795) was a traveller, occultist and Freemason in the late 18th century. Cagliostro is widely held to have been an alias for the charlatan Giuseppe Balsamo, born to a poor family in Palermo, Sicily. Giuseppe was a petty criminal who, in his most famous crime, claimed aptitude in alchemy to swindle a man out of his gold. The identification of Cagliostro with Giuseppe is not certain, however, being based mainly upon the untrustworthy testimony of the French spy and blackmailer Theveneau de Morande, and later upon ...

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Alessandro Cagliostro - In fiction Alessandro Cagliostro - Links and references

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1369 - Events. King Charles V of France renounces the treaty of Brétigny and war is declared between France and England. Venice repels Hungarian invasion. Hugues Aubriot founds the Bastille in Paris. Tamerlane names the city of Samarkand as the capital of his empire. 1369 - Births. Isabeau de Bavière, queen of Charles VI of France (died 1435) William de Ros, 7th Baron de Ros, Lord Treasurer of England (died 1414)

The Republic of Cuba consists of the island of Cuba (the largest of the Greater Antilles), the Isle of Youth and various adjacent small islands. The name Cuba is said to be derived from the Taíno word cubanacán, meaning "a central place." It is located in the northern Caribbean at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Cuba is south of the eastern United States, and the Bahamas, west of the Turks and Caicos Islands and Haiti, and east of Mexico. The Cayman Islands and Jamaica are south ...

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Cuba - History Cuba - Infrastructure Cuba - Government and Politics
Cuba - Human rights Cuba - Provinces
Cuba - Geography Cuba - Society
Cuba - Demographics Cuba - Education Cuba - Public health
Cuba - Economy Cuba - Culture Cuba - List of Cuban poetry and Poets authors and literature
Cuba - Cuban music Cuba - Cultural Control Cuba - Religion

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A bill of attainder (also known as an act or writ of attainder) was an act of legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of some crime, and punishing them, without benefit of a trial. The United States Constitution forbids both the federal and state governments from enacting bills of attainder, in Article 1, Sections 9 and 10, respectively. They were abolished in the United Kingdom in 1870. The word "attainder", meaning "taintedness", is part of English common law. Under English law, a criminal cond ...

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Bill of attainder - American usage Bill of attainder - The Great Act of Attainder

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Bastille Day is the French national holiday, celebrated on 14 July each year. It is called Fête Nationale (National Holiday) in France. It commemorates the 1790 Fête de la Fédération, held on the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789; the Fête de la Fédération was seen as a symbol of the uprising of the modern French "nation," and of the reconciliation of all the French inside the constitutional monarchy which preceded the First Republic, during the French Revolution. < ...

Including:

Bastille Day - Current festivities Bastille Day - History of the celebration
Bastille Day - Discourse by Henri Martin to the Senate
Bastille Day - Historical background
Bastille Day - The Storming of the Bastille Bastille Day - The Fête de la Fédération
Bastille Day - Other References

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Charles X, King of France and of Navarre (October 9, 1757 – November 6, 1836) was born at the Palace of Versailles. He was the grandson of Louis XV and his Polish queen, Marie Leszczynska, and youngest son of Louis, dauphin de France, who never reigned, and his German wife Marie-Josèphe of Saxony. He was crowned King of France in 1824 in the cathedral at Reims and reigned until the French Revolution of 1830 when he abdicated rather than become a constitutional monarch. He was the ...

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Charles X of France - Early life Charles X of France - Exile during the Republic Charles X of France - Restoration and reign as king of France

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