Bambrzy

Main article: History of Poznań, see also: History of Poland Mieszko I , the first known duke of the Polans, built one of his castles in Poznań. The Cathedral Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul is the oldest Polish cathedral, built in Poznań during the latter half of the 10th century. The city would become the capital of Greater Poland. Mieszko I's son, Boleslaus the Brave, was crowned king in 1025 and the Kingdom of Poland was formed. Greater Poland is often became the 'cradle of the Polish state', and both Mieszko I and Bo ...

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - History

During the times of Second Polish Republic, when Poland regained territories of Western Belarus, Western Ukraine and the Wilno region, linguistic assimilation was considered as a major factor of unifying the state by National Democrats. For example, Stanisław Grabski, Polish Minister for Religion and Public Education in 1923-1926 wrote that "Poland may be preserved only as the state of Polish people. If it were a state of Poles, Jews, Germans, Rusyns, Belarusians, Lithuanians, Russians, it would lose its independence again." Some oth ...

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Polonization, Polonization - Second Polish Republic, Polonization - Post World War II, Polonization - Notes

Read more here: » Polonization: Encyclopedia II - Polonization - Second Polish Republic

It is also referred to in Polish as Stołeczne Miasto Poznań (name used on special occasions), in German as Posen (Haupt- und Residenzstadt Posen between 20 August 1910 and 28 November 1918), and in Latin as Posnania and civitas Posnaniensis. The earliest surviving references to the city were by Thietmar in his chronicles: episcopus Poznaniensis ("Bishop of Poznań", 970) and ab urbe Poznani ("by" or "from the city Poznań", 1005). Early spelli ...

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - Name of the city

Bamberg is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in Upper Franconia on the river Regnitz, close to its confluence with the river Main. Bamberg - Geography. Bamberg lies on an open plain on the Regnitz, 3 km above its junction with the Main River, and 63 km north of Nuremberg by railway. Like Rome, Bamberg was built on seven hills, each crowned by a church. Bamberger Symphoniker (*) – founded in 1946 by Bohemian WWII refugees, including former members of the Germa ...

Including:

• Bamberg - Geography
• Bamberg - Population
• Bamberg - History
• Bamberg - Historical population
• Bamberg - Settlers from Bamberg
• Bamberg - Sights
• Bamberg - Cathedral
• Bamberg - Neue Residenz
• Bamberg - Other sights
• Bamberg - Beer
• Bamberg - Education
• Bamberg - Born in Bamberg
• Bamberg - Famous Denizens

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - Bibliography

Poznań - Municipal politics. Since 1989 (the end of the communist era), Poznań municipality and metro area have invested heavily in infrastructure, especially transportation and improved public administration. This has effected in a massive investment from foreign companies in Poznań itself, as well as in communities west and south of Poznań (namely, Kornik and Tarnowo Podgorne). Most foreign investors are German and Dutch companies (see "Major corporations" above), with a few others. Investors are mos ...

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - Politics

Poznań has been an important center of trade since the Middle Ages. Starting in the 19th century, local heavy industry began to grow. Several major factories were built, including the steel mill and railway factory of Hipolit Cegielski. Today Poznań is one of the major centers of trade with Germany. Many Western-European companies started their Polish branches in Poznań, or in the nearby localities of Tarnowo Podgórne and Swarzędz. For a list of major Poznań-based corporations se ...

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - Economy

Poznań - Location. City area 261,3 km² (2002) Geographical location: 52°17'34''N - 52°30'27''N 16°44'08''E - 17°04'28''E Highest point: Mt. Morasko 157 m asl Lowest point: Warta river valley: 60 m asl ...

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - Geography

Main article: Education in Poznań Poznań is home to few state-owned universities and a number of smaller, mostly private-run colleges and institutions of higher education. Adam Mickiewicz University (abbreviated UAM) is one of the most influential and biggest universities in Poland. Poznan University of Technology Poznan University of Medical Sciences Adam Mickiewicz University Agricultural University of Poznan Poznan University of Economics Poznan University School of Physical Education Academy of Fine Arts in Poznan ...

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Poznań, Poznań - Geography, Poznań - Location, Poznań - Name of the city, Poznań - Administrative division, Poznań - Culture, Poznań - History, Poznań - Historical population, Poznań - Famous people, Poznań - Education, Poznań - Scientific and regional organizations, Poznań - Economy, Poznań - Sports, Poznań - Politics, Poznań - Municipal politics, Poznań - Poznań constituency, Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » Poznań: Encyclopedia II - Poznań - Education

With the second partition of Poland in 1793, the city fell to Kingdom of Prussia and was made the capital of the province of South Prussia. During the Napoleonic Wars in 1806 the city was liberated by the Polish troops under gen. J.H. Dąbrowski and in years 1806–1815 it was the capital of Poznań department belonging to the Duchy of Warsaw. After the fall of Napoleon in 1815, according to the Vienna peace congress, Poznań fell to Prussia, and was made the capital of the Grand Duchy of Poznan (1815–1846). At t ...

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History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918

During the post-Roman centuries of Germanic migration and settlement, the region afterwards included in the Diocese of Bamberg was inhabited for the most part by Slavs. The town, first mentioned in 902, grew up by the castle (Babenberch) which gave its name to the Babenberg family. On their extinction it passed to the Saxon house. The area was Christianized chiefly by the monks of the Benedictine Abbey of Fulda, and the land was under the spiritual aut ...

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Bamberg, Bamberg - Geography, Bamberg - Population, Bamberg - History, Bamberg - Historical population, Bamberg - Settlers from Bamberg, Bamberg - Sights, Bamberg - Cathedral, Bamberg - Neue Residenz, Bamberg - Other sights, Bamberg - Beer, Bamberg - Education, Bamberg - Born in Bamberg, Bamberg - Famous Denizens

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The burghers of Posen/Posnan for a large part took on Protestant beliefs. The Protestant church books (Kirchenbuch), starting in 1596 with the evangelical churches of the city, also the Catholic churches were filmed by the LDS Mormons, after Treaty of Versailles, see external links below. The 16th century is called "the Golden Age" in the city's history. The population grew to 20.000 and Poznań was one of the biggest cities in Poland. This was ended with the Swedish invasion in 1655 which started a series of wars, epidemics a ...

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History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers

At the end of World War I, the Great Poland Uprising (1918–1919) promised to restore Great Poland and its capital as a Polish nation. According to the Versailles peace treaty, signed on June 28, 1919, most of Posen province was ceded to Poland, and organized into Poznań voivodship. German inhabitants of the region and city (who had not fled in January 1945) were given an option to stay or leave but ...

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History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939

With the outbreak of the World War II Poznań was annexed by Germany and briefly reorganized into the Reichsgau Posen and then as the Reichsgau Wartheland (Warta province) for the duration of the war. The German army, police and administration started a programme of 're-germanisation of Poznań', and some 100,000 of inhabitants were expelled to central Poland General Government. Many people were murdered as well in the notorious state-sponsored executions, intended to prevent the creation of insurgencies. Another share of the population was sent to cen ...

See also:

History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945

to be written yet 1990 first free elections for the local government 1991 reestablishment congress of the Polish Cities Union; 1991 first Polish Economic Exhibition of the Polish CIties 1997 second visit of the pope John Paul II 1998 international meeting of the so called Weimar triangle: Helmut Kohl, chancellor of Germany, Jacques Chirac, President of France, and Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland. Capital of Greater Poland Voivodship since 1 ...

See also:

History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989

to be written yet The first years after WWII (1945-1948 were the era of enthusiasm for peace and freedom, rebuilding the city from ruins, and relative political freedom. With the rigged elections of 1947 Poland was put under strict control of the communist party and the Sovietisation of the state and economy. 1950 local government is abolished Worsening political and economic conditions led to the first Polish anti-communist protests. In June 1956 workers from the city's Cegielski locomotive factory, ...

See also:

History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989

Bamberg is also known for smoked beer (or Rauchbier in German). The most famous being Schlenkerla "Aecht Schlenkerla Rauchbier" from the Heller brewery and which can be enjoyed fresh at the Schlenkerla tavern on the Dominikaner Strasse in the old town. Bamberg is currently (2005) home to 9 breweries (Brauerei Fässla, Brauerei Greifenklau, Brauerei Heller-Trum ("Schlenkerla"), Brauerei Kaiserdom, Keesmann Bräu, Klosterbräu, Mahrs Bräu, Maisel Bräu and Brauerei Spezial) and one microbrewery (Ambräusianum) which is unprecedented ...

See also:

Bamberg, Bamberg - Geography, Bamberg - Population, Bamberg - History, Bamberg - Historical population, Bamberg - Settlers from Bamberg, Bamberg - Sights, Bamberg - Cathedral, Bamberg - Neue Residenz, Bamberg - Other sights, Bamberg - Beer, Bamberg - Education, Bamberg - Born in Bamberg, Bamberg - Famous Denizens

Read more here: » Bamberg: Encyclopedia II - Bamberg - Beer

The Old Town of Bamberg is included in the UNESCO World Heritage, since it has retained its medieval look and was one of the few German cities that sustained virtually no damage during WWII. 2005 the city established a documentation centre to support World Heritage activities. Some of the main sights are: Cathedral (1237), with the tombs of emperor Henry II and Pope Clement II Alte Hofhaltung, residence of the bishops in the 16th and centuries Neue Residenz, residence of the bishops after the 17th century ...

See also:

Bamberg, Bamberg - Geography, Bamberg - Population, Bamberg - History, Bamberg - Historical population, Bamberg - Settlers from Bamberg, Bamberg - Sights, Bamberg - Cathedral, Bamberg - Neue Residenz, Bamberg - Other sights, Bamberg - Beer, Bamberg - Education, Bamberg - Born in Bamberg, Bamberg - Famous Denizens

Read more here: » Bamberg: Encyclopedia II - Bamberg - Sights

The University of Bamberg, named Otto-Friedrich University, offers higher education in the areas of social science, business studies and the humanities, and is attended by more than 8,000 students. Bamberg is also home to eight secondary schools called Gymnasien: Clavius-Gymnasium Dientzenhofer-Gymnasium Eichendorff-Gymnasium E.T.A.-Hoffmann-Gymnasium Franz-Ludwig-Gymnasium Kaiser-Heinrich-Gymnasium Maria-Ward-Gymnasium Theresianum There are also numerous other institutes for primary, secondary, techn ...

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Bamberg, Bamberg - Geography, Bamberg - Population, Bamberg - History, Bamberg - Historical population, Bamberg - Settlers from Bamberg, Bamberg - Sights, Bamberg - Cathedral, Bamberg - Neue Residenz, Bamberg - Other sights, Bamberg - Beer, Bamberg - Education, Bamberg - Born in Bamberg, Bamberg - Famous Denizens

Read more here: » Bamberg: Encyclopedia II - Bamberg - Education

The first settlements in what is now Poznań can be traced to the late period of the Stone Age. Later various cultures developed here in the Bronze Age and Iron Age. The first stronghold was built in the 8th-9th century AD on the Ostrów Tumski - an island in the forks of Warta and Cybina rivers. Subsequently it was surrounded by various settlements on the islands and on both banks of Warta river. In 10th century Poznań and Gniezno were the main sites of Polish dukes, and centres of the developing Polish state. In 968 the first Polis ...

See also:

History of Poznań, History of Poznań - Early times, History of Poznań - Capital of Great Poland 1138–1295, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland 1295–1793, History of Poznań - Reformation and Religious Affiliation of Burghers, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1918, History of Poznań - Poznań in the Second Polish Republic 1919–1939, History of Poznań - Poznań in Nazi Germany 1939–1945, History of Poznań - Poznań in People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989, History of Poznań - Poznań in Third Polish Republic after 1989, History of Poznań - Polish organizations in Poznań, History of Poznań - Bibliography

Read more here: » History of Poznań: Encyclopedia II - History of Poznań - Early times