Balkan linguistic union - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union: Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union
Balkan linguistic union or Balkansprachbund is a name given to the similarities in grammar, syntax, vocabulary and phonology found in the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Linguistic Union - Features
Balkan linguistic union - Grammatical features. The number of cases is reduced, several cases being replaced with prepositions, the on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia - Balkans
The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe a region of south-eastern Europe. The region has a combined area of 728,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Definitions And Boundaries
Balkans - Balkan Peninsula. The Balkans are sometimes referred to as the "Balkan Peninsula" as they are surrounded by water on three si...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Torlakian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Torlakian Dialect - Features
Some of the features of Torlakian clearly tell the story of how Macedonian yields to Bulgarian, and they in turn yield into Serbia's tong...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Languages - Indo-european Languages
Balkan languages - Romance languages. Romanian Aromanian Meglenitic Italian (on the Adriatic coast) Ladino (in Greece and Turkey) Ba...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Areal Feature Linguistics: Encyclopedia - Areal Feature Linguistics
In linguistics, an areal feature is any typological feature shared by languages within the same geographical area. Resemblances between t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language
Bulgarian is an Indo-European language, a member of the Southern branch of the Slavic languages. Bulgarian demonstrates several linguisti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarians: Encyclopedia - Bulgarians
Albania: 5,000 Argentina: 30,0004 Austria: 50,0003 Canada: 15,1951 (2001) - 150,0004 Czech Republic: 10,0003 France: 20,0003 Germany: 120...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia - Article Grammar
An article is a word that is put next to a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun. Articles can have various funct...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Nature And Natural Resources
Most of the area is covered by mountain ranges running from south-west to north-east. The main ranges are the Dinaric Alps in Slovenia, C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Language: Encyclopedia - Analytic Language
An analytic language (or isolating language) is a language in which the vast majority of morphemes are free morphemes and considered to b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - History And Geopolitical Significance
The Balkan region was the first area of Europe to experience the arrival of farming cultures in the Neolithic era. The practices of growi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Torlakian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Torlakian Dialect - Literature
One of the earliest literary monuments influenced by Torlakian dialects is Manuscript from Temska from 1762 in which its author Kiril Zhi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Nature And Natural Resources
Most of the area is covered by mountain ranges running from south-west to north-east. The main ranges are the Dinaric Alps in Slovenia, C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Language: Encyclopedia - Language
A language is a system of symbols, generally known as lexemes and the rules by which they are manipulated. The word language is also used...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Population Composition By Nationality And Religion
The region's principal nationalities include Greeks (10.5 million, with about 10 million of them being in Greece), Turks (9.2 million in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Population Composition By Nationality And Religion
The region's principal nationalities include Turks (12.3 million, 11 million of them inhabiting Turkish Thrace), Greeks (10.5 million, wi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Population Composition By Nationality And Religion
The region's principal nationalities include Greeks (10.5 million, with about 10 million of them being in Greece), Turks (9.2 million in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - Standard Languages
Standard languages Croatian, Bosnian and Serbian are all based on neo-štokavian dialect. However, it must be stressed that standard lang...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Eastern Romance Substratum: Encyclopedia Ii - Eastern Romance Substratum - Lexical Items
Older Romanian etymological dictionaries tended to assume a borrowing in many cases, usually from a Slavic language or from Hungarian, bu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - Presence In Various Languages
Some languages such as Swahili rarely use articles, indicating such distinctions in other ways or not at all. Some other languages, inclu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Phonology
This section generally describes the post-Classic phonology of the Greek language. All phonetic transcriptions in this section use the I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - States
List of Europe-related topics - Other. Crimea England European microstates Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Kalinin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Differences In Standard Serbian Croatian And Bosnian: Encyclopedia Ii - Differences In Standard Serbian Croatian And Bosnian - Speaking
Differences in standard Serbian Croatian and Bosnian - Accentuation. Accentuation of the official languages is different. However, acce...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Grammar
The parts of speech in Bulgarian are divided in 10 different types, which are categorized in two broad classes: mutable and immutable. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - Standard Languages
Standard languages Croatian, Bosnian and Serbian are all based on neo-štokavian dialect. However, it must be stressed that standard lang...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aromanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Aromanian Language - Situation In Greece
Even before the incorporation of Aromanian-speaking territories into the Greek state, the language was subordinated to the national langu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Contacts With Other Languages
Romanian language - Dacian language. The Dacian language was an Indo-European language spoken by the ancient Dacians. It may have been ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - Presence In Various Languages
Some languages such as Swahili rarely use articles, indicating such distinctions in other ways or not at all. Some other languages, inclu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Phonology
This section generally describes the post-Classic phonology of the Greek language. All phonetic transcriptions in this section use the I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarians: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarians - Culture
Bulgarians - Contribution to humanity. Medieval Bulgaria was the most important cultural centre of the Slavs at the end of the 9th and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Language - Human Languages
Human languages are usually referred to as natural languages, and the science studying them is linguistics. Making a principled distincti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Grammar
The parts of speech in Bulgarian are divided in 10 different types, which are categorized in two broad classes: mutable and immutable. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - The, The English Grammatical Article
Main article: The The word the functions primarily as the definite grammatical article in English. The and that are common developments f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - History
The development of the Bulgarian language may be divided into several historical periods. The prehistoric period (essentially proto-Slavi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Phonetics
Bulgarian language - Vowels. The Bulgarian vowel system consists of the following six vowels: The Bulgarian vowels may be grouped in th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Alphabet
In 886 AD, Bulgaria adopted the Glagolitic alphabet which was devised by the Byzantine missionaries Saint Cyril and Methodius in the 850s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Phonology
Bulgarian language - Vowels. Bulgarian's six vowels may be grouped in three pairs according to their backness: front, central and back...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Alphabet
In 886 AD, Bulgaria adopted the Glagolitic alphabet which was devised by the Byzantine missionaries Saint Cyril and Methodius in the 850s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aromanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Aromanian Language - Grammar
The grammar and morphology is very similar to the one in Romanian and unlike to the other Romance languages. The definite article is a cl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aromanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Aromanian Language - History
The language is similar to Romanian and its greatest difference lies in the vocabulary. There are far fewer Slavic words in Aromanian tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - Štokavian Dialects
(Information from Stefanović M., Savremeni srpskohrvatski jezik 5th edition, Belgrade, 1986. and Ivić, P., Srpski Narod i Njegov Jezik,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Grammar
Ancient Greek, like all of the older Indo-European languages, was highly inflected. For example nouns (including proper nouns) have five ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - Ethnic Affiliation Of Native Speakers Of štokavian Dialect
During the 1st half of the 19th century, protagonists of nascent Slavic philology were, as far as South Slavic dialects were concerned, e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Language - Properties Of Language
Languages are not just sets of symbols. They also contain a grammar, or system of rules, used to manipulate the symbols. While a set of s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Lexis
Most of the word-stock of modern Bulgarian consists of derivations of some 2,000 words inherited from proto-Slavonic through the mediatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Syntax
Colloquial Bulgarian employs clitic doubling, mostly for emphatic purposes. For example: Аз го дадох подаръка на ма...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - History
This article does not cover the reconstructed history of Greek prior to the use of writing. For more information, see main article on Pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Language - Animal Nonhuman Language
While the term animal languages is widely used, most researchers agree that they are not as complex or expressive as human language; a mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Literature
Greek language - Typography. Athena, public domain polytonic Greek font Gentium — a typeface for the nations, a freely available fon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Grammar
Ancient Greek, like all of the older Indo-European languages, was highly inflected. For example nouns (including proper nouns) have five ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Writing System
Modern Greek is written in the late Ionic variant of the Greek alphabet, the oldest discovered inscriptions of which date to the 8th or 9...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - Usage
The following discussion is meant to give pointers in the uses of the grammatical articles the and a for non-native speakers. When using ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - The The English Grammatical Article
Main article: The The word the functions primarily as the definite grammatical article in English. The and that are common developments f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Differences In Standard Serbian Croatian And Bosnian: Encyclopedia Ii - Differences In Standard Serbian Croatian And Bosnian - Writing
Differences in standard Serbian Croatian and Bosnian - Script. Though all could theoretically use either, the scripts differ: Croatian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Language - The Study Of Language
The oldest surviving written grammar for any language is believed to be the Tolkāppiyam (தொல்காப்பியம்), a boo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - History
The development of the Bulgarian language may be divided into several historical periods. The prehistoric period (essentially proto-Slavi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Language Sample
English text: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Examples
Greek language - Some common words and phrases. Greek (man): Έλληνας, IPA /ˈe̞liˌnas/ Greek (woman): Ελληνίδα /ˌe̞...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - The Yat Reflexes
The Proto-Slavic vowel jat has changed over time and is now being rendered in three different ways or reflexes: In Ekavian (ekavski), ja...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - Culture
Main article: Culture of Europe European Capital of Culture Europop Eurovision Song Contest List of early European musique concrète exp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - Media And Communications
List of Europe-related topics - Television and radio. European Broadcasting Union List of television stations in Europe Lists of radio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Writing System
The first written record of a Romanic language spoken in the Middle Ages in the Balkans was written by the Byzantine chronicler Theophane...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarians: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarians - History
Main article: History of Bulgaria Bulgarians - Bulgars and Slavs. Bulgarians - Medieval history. Bulgarians - Ottoman domination. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarians: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarians - Population Data
1 Results according to the latest available census held in the country in question and year of the census (Bulgaria 2001, Canada (2001), ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - Politics
Main article: Politics of Europe Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Visegrád group Central European Initiative Common...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - Economics
Main article: Economy of Europe Central European Free Trade Agreement Commonwealth of Independent States European Economic Area European...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Examples
Greek language - Some common words and phrases. Greek (man): Έλληνας, IPA /ˈe̞liˌnas/ Greek (woman): Ελληνίδα /ˌe̞...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - Writing System
Modern Greek is written in the late Ionic variant of the Greek alphabet, the oldest discovered inscriptions of which date to the 8th or 9...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Language - History
This article does not cover the reconstructed history of Greek prior to the use of writing. For more information, see main article on Pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - Geography And The Environment
List of Europe-related topics - Geography. Main article: Geography of Europe List of lakes of Europe List of rivers of Europe Latin n...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Europe-related Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Europe-related Topics - History
Main article: History of Europe European archaeology Date of independence of European countries Sick man of Europe List of Europe-rela...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarians: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarians - Name
Bulgarians - Relation with other peoples. Bulgarians - Toponyms. Bulgarians - Antroponyms. ... See also:Bulgarians, Bulgarians - ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Vocabulary
Most of the vocabulary of modern Bulgarian consists of derivations of some 2,000 words inherited from proto-Slavonic through the mediatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Classification And Related Languages
Romanian is a Romance language, belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family, having much in common with languages...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - The The English Grammatical Article
Main article: The The word the functions primarily as the definite grammatical article in English. The and that are common developments f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Grammar
Romanian nouns are inflected by gender (feminine, masculine and neuter), number (singular and plural) and case (nominative/accusative, da...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Sounds
Main article: Romanian phonology Romanian has seven vowels: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/, /ə/, and /ɨ/. Additionally, vowel    » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - History
The Romanian territory was inhabited in ancient times by the Dacians, an Indo-European people. They were defeated by the Roman Empire in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Romanian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Romanian Language - Geographic Distribution
Romanian is spoken mostly in Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia and Montenegro, Bulgaria, but there are also Romanian language sp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarian Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarian Language - Syntax
Colloquial Bulgarian employs clitic doubling, mostly for emphatic purposes. For example: Аз го дадох подаръка на ма...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bulgarians: Encyclopedia Ii - Bulgarians - Population
Most Bulgarians live in the Republic of Bulgaria. There are significant traditional Bulgarian minorities in Moldova and Ukraine (Bessarab...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - Štokavian Dialects
(Information from Stefanović M., Savremeni srpskohrvatski jezik 5th edition, Belgrade, 1986. and Ivić, P., Srpski Narod i Njegov Jezik,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Article Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - Article Grammar - Usage
The following discussion is meant to give pointers in the uses of the grammatical articles the and a for non-native speakers. When using ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - Ethnic Affiliation Of Native Speakers Of štokavian Dialect
During the 1st half of the 19th century, protagonists of nascent Slavic philology were, as far as South Slavic dialects were concerned, e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shtokavian Dialect: Encyclopedia Ii - Shtokavian Dialect - The Yat Reflexes
The Proto-Slavic vowel jat has changed over time and is now being rendered in three different ways or reflexes: In Ekavian (ekavski), ja...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Linguistic Union - Timeline Of Contacts
(under development) Most likely the earliest contact was between the Proto-Romanians and Proto-Albanians, (1st century - 5th century AD) ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Linguistic Union - Origins
The source of these features as well as the directions have long been debated, various theories being suggested. Balkan linguistic union...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Linguistic Union - Languages
The languages that share these similarities belong to five distinct branches of the Indo-European languages: Albanian Modern Greek Indo-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Linguistic Union: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Linguistic Union - History
The earliest scholar to notice the similarities between Balkan languages belonging to different families was the Slovenian scholar Jernej...   » Read the article