Autism presents in a wide degree, from those who are nearly dysfunctional and apparently mentally handicapped to those whose symptoms are mild or remedied enough to appear unexceptional ("normal") to the general public. In terms of both classification and therapy, autistic individuals are often divided into those with an IQ<80 referred to as having "low-functioning autism" (LFA), while those with IQ>80 are referred to as having "high-functioning autism" (HFA). Low and high functioning are more generally applied to how well an individua ...

See also:

Autism, Autism - History, Autism - Terminology, Autism - Characteristics, Autism - Social development, Autism - Sensory system, Autism - Communication difficulties, Autism - Repetitive behaviors, Autism - Effects in education, Autism - DSM definition, Autism - Types of autism, Autism - Asperger's and Kanner's syndrome, Autism - Autism as a spectrum disorder, Autism - Models, Autism - Epidemiology, Autism - Theories of the etiology of autism, Autism - Increase in diagnoses of autism, Autism - Therapies, Autism - Applied Behavior Analysis, Autism - Relationship Development Intervention, Autism - Son-Rise, Autism - Snoezelen, Autism - Autism and computing, Autism - Gluten-free casein-free diet, Autism - MB12, Autism - Sociology, Autism - Community and politics, Autism - Culture, Autism - Autistic adults, Autism - Autistic savants, Autism - Other pervasive developmental disorders, Autism - Rett syndrome, Autism - Childhood disintegrative disorder, Autism - Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, Autism - Footnotes

Read more here: » Autism: Encyclopedia II - Autism - Types of autism

See also:

Autism, Autism - History, Autism - Terminology, Autism - Characteristics, Autism - Social development, Autism - Sensory system, Autism - Communication difficulties, Autism - Repetitive behaviors, Autism - Effects in education, Autism - DSM definition, Autism - Types of autism, Autism - Asperger's and Kanner's syndrome, Autism - Autism as a spectrum disorder, Autism - Models, Autism - Epidemiology, Autism - Theories of the etiology of autism, Autism - Increase in diagnoses of autism, Autism - Therapies, Autism - Applied Behavior Analysis, Autism - Relationship Development Intervention, Autism - Son-Rise, Autism - Snoezelen, Autism - Autism and computing, Autism - Gluten-free casein-free diet, Autism - Sociology, Autism - Community and politics, Autism - Culture, Autism - Autistic adults, Autism - Autistic savants, Autism - Other pervasive developmental disorders, Autism - Rett syndrome, Autism - Childhood disintegrative disorder, Autism - Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, Autism - Footnotes

Read more here: » Autism: Encyclopedia II - Autism - Types of autism

The word autism was first used in the English language by Swiss psychiatrist Eugene Bleuler in a 1912 number of the American Journal of Insanity. However, the classification of autism did not occur until the middle of the twentieth century, when in 1943 psychiatrist Dr. Leo Kanner of the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore reported on 11 child patients with striking behavioral similarities, and introduced the label early infantile autism. He suggested "autism" from the Greek αυτος (autos), meaning "sel ...

See also:

Autism, Autism - History, Autism - Terminology, Autism - Characteristics, Autism - Social development, Autism - Sensory system, Autism - Communication difficulties, Autism - Repetitive behaviors, Autism - Effects in education, Autism - DSM definition, Autism - Types of autism, Autism - Asperger's and Kanner's syndrome, Autism - Autism as a spectrum disorder, Autism - Models, Autism - Epidemiology, Autism - Theories of the etiology of autism, Autism - Increase in diagnoses of autism, Autism - Therapies, Autism - Applied Behavior Analysis, Autism - Relationship Development Intervention, Autism - Son-Rise, Autism - Snoezelen, Autism - Autism and computing, Autism - Gluten-free casein-free diet, Autism - MB12, Autism - Sociology, Autism - Community and politics, Autism - Culture, Autism - Autistic adults, Autism - Autistic savants, Autism - Other pervasive developmental disorders, Autism - Rett syndrome, Autism - Childhood disintegrative disorder, Autism - Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, Autism - Footnotes

Read more here: » Autism: Encyclopedia II - Autism - History

Autism is classified as a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests itself in markedly abnormal social interaction, communication ability, patterns of interests, and patterns of behavior. Although the specific etiology of autism is unknown, many researchers suspect that autism results from genetically mediated vulnerabilities to environmental triggers. And while there is disagreement about the magnitude, nature, and mechanisms for such environmental factors, researchers have found at least seven major genes prevalent among ind ...

Including:

• Autism - History
• Autism - Terminology
• Autism - Characteristics
• Autism - Social development
• Autism - Sensory system
• Autism - Communication difficulties
• Autism - Repetitive behaviors
• Autism - Effects in education
• Autism - DSM definition
• Autism - Types of autism
• Autism - Asperger's and Kanner's syndrome
• Autism - Autism as a spectrum disorder
• Autism - Models
• Autism - Epidemiology
• Autism - Theories of the etiology of autism
• Autism - Increase in diagnoses of autism
• Autism - Therapies
• Autism - Applied Behavior Analysis
• Autism - Relationship Development Intervention
• Autism - Son-Rise
• Autism - Snoezelen
• Autism - Autism and computing
• Autism - Gluten-free casein-free diet
• Autism - MB12
• Autism - Sociology
• Autism - Community and politics
• Autism - Culture
• Autism - Autistic adults
• Autism - Autistic savants
• Autism - Other pervasive developmental disorders
• Autism - Rett syndrome
• Autism - Childhood disintegrative disorder
• Autism - Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
• Autism - Footnotes

Read more here: » Autism: Encyclopedia - Autism

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder, specifically, an anxiety disorder. OCD is manifested in a variety of forms, but is most commonly characterized by a subject's obsessive drive to perform a particular task or set of tasks, compulsions commonly termed rituals. OCD should also be distinguished from the similarly named but notably different obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which psychiatric guidelines def ...

Including:

• Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia - Obsessive-compulsive disorder

The autism rights movement was started by adult autistic individuals in order to advocate and demand tolerance for what they refer to as their neurodiversity. The movement is supported by some neurotypicals including parents of autistic children. The movement has been criticized by parents of autistic children who disagree with its anti-cure and pro-neurodiversity views. The use of the Internet has made it possible for autistics to present their perspective when they do not have the communication skills to do so offline. Even s ...

Including:

• Autism rights movement - The anti-cure perspective
• Autism rights movement - People in the movement
• Autism rights movement - Role of parents in the movement
• Autism rights movement - Organized groups
• Autism rights movement - Individuals
• Autism rights movement - Numbers
• Autism rights movement - History
• Autism rights movement - Noteworthy events in the movement
• Autism rights movement - Issues
• Autism rights movement - Ethical challenges to autism treatment
• Autism rights movement - Opposition to eliminating autism
• Autism rights movement - Opposition to an alleged insulting view of autism
• Autism rights movement - Adult issues
• Autism rights movement - Misconceptions of autistic traits
• Autism rights movement - Functioning labels
• Autism rights movement - Status as a social minority group
• Autism rights movement - Activist methods and activities
• Autism rights movement - Speculation of autism in famous people
• Autism rights movement - Activist campaigns
• Autism rights movement - Controversy
• Autism rights movement - Criticism
• Autism rights movement - Responses from the movement
• Autism rights movement - Ongoing debate
• Autism rights movement - Criticism within the movement
• Autism rights movement - Notes

Read more here: » Autism rights movement: Encyclopedia - Autism rights movement

Asperger syndrome (sometimes called Asperger's syndrome, AS, or the more common shorthand Asperger's), is characterized as one of the five pervasive developmental disorders, and is commonly referred to as a form of high-functioning autism. In very broad terms, individuals with Asperger's have normal or above average intellectual capacity, and atypical or less well developed social skills, often with emotional/social development or integration happening later than usual as a result. The term "Asperger's synd ...

Including:

• Asperger syndrome - Prevalence
• Asperger syndrome - Characteristics
• Asperger syndrome - Social impairments
• Asperger syndrome - Narrow intense interests
• Asperger syndrome - Speech and language peculiarities
• Asperger syndrome - Other characteristics
• Asperger syndrome - Living with Asperger syndrome
• Asperger syndrome - Definitions and diagnostic criteria
• Asperger syndrome - Relationship to autism
• Asperger syndrome - Possible causes and origins
• Asperger syndrome - A gift and a curse
• Asperger syndrome - Speculation about recognized people who may have Asperger syndrome
• Asperger syndrome - Shift away from view as a disease
• Asperger syndrome - Criticisms and controversies
• Asperger syndrome - Asperger syndrome as a social construct
• Asperger syndrome - The extreme male brain theory
• Asperger syndrome - Culture

Read more here: » Asperger syndrome: Encyclopedia - Asperger syndrome

The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System is a United States program for vaccine safety, co-sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). VAERS is a post-marketing safety surveillance program, collecting information about adverse events (possible side effects) that occur after administration of vaccines. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System - Origins. The program is an outgrowth of the 1986 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVI ...

Including:

• Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System - Origins
• Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System - Research use

Read more here: » Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System: Encyclopedia - Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System

Facilitated communication (FC) is a method that purports to help people with speech or expressive problems to point to spell out words and sentences. The goal of the method is to enable the person to use an augmentative communication device independently. Usually, the facilitator holds the person's hand, wrist or arm in his hand, prompting the patient to pick out letters on a letterboard or keyboard. The facilitator prompts the client to point to letters and puts slight pressure back on the hand, wr ...

Including:

• Facilitated communication - History
• Facilitated communication - Concerns

Read more here: » Facilitated communication: Encyclopedia - Facilitated communication

The 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference was a meeting convened in June, 2000, by the Centers for Disease Control, held at the isolated Simpsonwood Methodist retreat and conference center in Norcross, Georgia. Events at the session were highlighted by a presentation regarding vaccine research conducted by Dr. Thomas Verstraeten, and a comment on biologic plausibility and consistency from Dr. Loren Koller. Approximately half a dozen different industry and government groups were represented, whose representives included eleven consultants fr ...

Including:

• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Discussion of Dr. Verstraeten's vaccine research
• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Embargo
• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Aftermath
• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Criticism of report delays
• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Conference participants
• 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference - Reference

Read more here: » 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference: Encyclopedia - 2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference

It is useful to divide autism-related groups into two broad and slightly fuzzy categories. The categorisation can usually be made accurately based on whether a group describes itself as part of the "autistic community" or part of the "autism community". The two should not be confused, because there are major differences and some friction between them. This article is principally about the "autistic community"; this section discusses the relationship between the two communities. ...

See also:

Autistic community, Autistic community - Different types of community, Autistic community - Autistic communities, Autistic community - Autism communities, Autistic community - Friction between the communities, Autistic community - Declaration from the autistic community, Autistic community - Letter to the United Nations, Autistic community - Counterarguments to the United Nations letter, Autistic community - Autistic communication, Autistic community - Specific autistic communities

Read more here: » Autistic community: Encyclopedia II - Autistic community - Different types of community

On 18 November 2004, some members of the autistic community issued a statement [1] expressing their desire to be recognised as a minority group by the United Nations. Note that although they use the term "autism community" to refer to themselves they are actually part of the "autistic community" according to the terminology described above. Autistic community - Letter to the United Nations. This is a declaration from the worldwide autism community that from here on we wish to be recognised as a mi ...

See also:

Autistic community, Autistic community - Different types of community, Autistic community - Autistic communities, Autistic community - Autism communities, Autistic community - Friction between the communities, Autistic community - Declaration from the autistic community, Autistic community - Letter to the United Nations, Autistic community - Counterarguments to the United Nations letter, Autistic community - Autistic communication, Autistic community - Specific autistic communities

Read more here: » Autistic community: Encyclopedia II - Autistic community - Declaration from the autistic community

Autism, a developmental brain disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication skills, and limited range of activities and interests, is the most characteristic and best studied PDD. Other types of PDD include Asperger's syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, Rett syndrome, and PDD not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Children with PDD vary widely in abilities, intelligence, and behaviors. Some children do not speak at all, others speak in limited phrases or conversations, and some have relatively normal lan ...

See also:

Pervasive developmental disorder, Pervasive developmental disorder - Symptoms, Pervasive developmental disorder - Types and degrees, Pervasive developmental disorder - Diagnosis in early childhood, Pervasive developmental disorder - Cure and care, Pervasive developmental disorder - Reference

Read more here: » Pervasive developmental disorder: Encyclopedia II - Pervasive developmental disorder - Types and degrees

Sound Therapy: Sound Therapy is an innovative program of sound stimulation, audio-vocal activities and consultation. While anyone can benefit, it is of special interest to families and children with developmental delays, autism, PDD, Asperger’s, attention deficit disorder and some types of learning problems.

(See also: Sound Therapy, Alternative Health, Body Mind and Soul)

OCD primarily involves the brain regions of the striatum and the cingulate cortex, especially the striatum. OCD involves several different receptors, mostly H2, M4, nk1, NMDA, and non-NMDA glutamate receptors. The receptors 5-HT1D, 5-HT2C, and the mu opioid receptor exert a secondary effect. The H2, M4, nk1, and non-NMDA glutamate receptors are active in the striatum, whereas the NMDA receptors are active in the cingulate cortex. The activity of certain receptors is positively correlated to the severity of OCD, whereas the activity of certain other receptors is negatively corr ...

See also:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia II - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry

OCD primarily involves the brain regions of the striatum and the cingulate cortex, especially the striatum. OCD involves several different receptors, mostly H2, M4, nk1, NMDA, and non-NMDA glutamate receptors. The receptors 5-HT1D, 5-HT2C, and the mu opioid receptor exert a secondary effect. The H2, M4, nk1, and non-NMDA glutamate receptors are active in the striatum, whereas the NMDA receptors are active in the cingulate cortex. The activity of certain receptors is positively correlated to the severity of OCD, whereas the activity of certain other receptors is negatively corr ...

See also:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Refrences.

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia II - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry

There are many different theories about the cause of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Some research has discovered a type of size abnormality in different brain structures. The majority of researchers believe that there is some type of abnormality in the neurotransmitter serotonin, among other possible psychological or biological abnormalities; however, it is possible that this activity is the brain's response to OCD, and not its cause. Recent research has revealed a possible genetic mutation that could be the cause of OCD. Resea ...

See also:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia II - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders

There are many different theories about the cause of obsessive compulsive disorder. Some research has discovered a type of size abnormality in different brain structures. The majority of researchers believe that there is some type of abnormality in the neurotransmitter serotonin, among other possible psychological or biological abnormalities; however, it is possible that this activity is the brain's response to OCD, and not its cause. Recent research has revealed a possible genetic mutation that could be the cause of OCD. Resea ...

See also:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Refrences.

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia II - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders

OCD can be treated with behavioral therapy (BT) or Cognitive therapy (CBT) and with a variety of medications. According to the Expert Consensus Guidelines for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1995, Vol. 54, supplement 4), the treatment of choice for most OCD is behavior therapy or cognitive behavior therapy. Medications can help make the treatment go faster and easier, but most experts regard BT/CBT as clearly the best choice. Medications generally do not produce as much symptom control as BT/CBT, and sy ...

See also:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia II - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment

OCD can be treated with behavioral therapy (BT) or Cognitive therapy (CBT) and with a variety of medications. According to the Expert Consensus Guidelines for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1995, Vol. 54, supplement 4), the treatment of choice for most OCD is behavior therapy or cognitive behavior therapy. Medications can help make the treatment go faster and easier, but most experts regard BT/CBT as clearly the best choice. Medications generally do not produce as much symptom control as BT/CBT, and sy ...

See also:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Symptoms and prevalence, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Causes and related disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Neuropsychiatry, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - OCD in literature and film, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Famous/celebrity OCD sufferers, Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Refrences.

Read more here: » Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Encyclopedia II - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Treatment