Augustan History

The Augustan History (Lat. Historia Augusta) is a collection of biographies of Roman Emperors and usurpers during the period 117 to 284. Although it is supposedly an assemblage of works by six different writers (collectively known as the Scriptores Historiae Augustae), there is considerable doubt concerning not only the authorship of the work, but also when it was written and how much of the content is fictitious. Even so, it is the only continuous ac ...

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Augusta - Augusta as a place name. Augusta, derived from Augustus the emperor, is also part of the original Latin names of many ancient places. As populations spread, they took the names with them. Augusta - In Australia. Augusta, Western Australia, Australia Augusta - In Canada. Augusta, Ontario, Canada North Augusta, Ontario, Canada South Augusta, Ontario, Canada

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• Augusta - Augusta as a place name
• Augusta - In Australia
• Augusta - In Canada
• Augusta - In Europe
• Augusta - In United States of America
• Augusta - People
• Augusta - Other meanings

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An emperor is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress is the feminine form and can either be the wife of an emperor or a woman being an imperial monarch herself. Emperors are generally recognised to be above kings in honour and rank. Emperor Akihito of Japan is the world's only reigning emperor. the last imperial monarch in europe was the King-Emperor George VI who ruled as Emperor of India Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of ...

Including:

• Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch
• Emperor - Imperium maius
• Emperor - Historical development
• Emperor - Europe
• Emperor - The Americas
• Emperor - Africa
• Emperor - Asia
• Emperor - Persian tradition
• Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions
• Emperor - Other traditions
• Emperor - Lists of emperors
• Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires
• Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires'
• Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors
• Emperor - Fictional emperors
• Emperor - Notes
• Emperor - Trivia

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In Greek and Roman sources Dido or Elissa appears as the founder and first Queen of Carthage in Tunisia. She is best known from the account given by the Roman poet Virgil in his Aeneid. Dido - Early accounts. The person of Elissa can be traced back at least to lost writings of the historian Timaeus of Tauromenium in Sicily (c. 356–260 BC) as referred to and used by later sources. Timaeus dated the foundation of Carthage to 814 BC (or 813 Including:

• Dido - Early accounts
• Dido - Virgil's Aeneid
• Dido - Later Roman tradition
• Dido - Continuing tradition
• Dido - An alternative viewpoint
• Dido - Selected bibliography

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Bar Kokhba’s revolt (132-135 CE) against the Roman Empire, also known as The Second Jewish-Roman War or The Second Jewish Revolt, was a second major rebellion by the Jews of Iudaea. Alternatively, some sources call it The Third Revolt, counting also the riots of 115-117, the Kitos War, suppressed by the general Quintus Lucius Quietus who governed the province at the time. Bar Kokhba's revolt - Background. After the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE as a result of the failed Great Jewi ...

Including:

• Bar Kokhba's revolt - Background
• Bar Kokhba's revolt - Revolt
• Bar Kokhba's revolt - The Era of the redemption of Israel
• Bar Kokhba's revolt - Roman reaction
• Bar Kokhba's revolt - Outcome of the War and Beginning of another Jewish Diaspora
• Bar Kokhba's revolt - Sources
• Bar Kokhba's revolt - External link

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Gaius Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus (Latin: IMP CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS ¹) (February 27, 272–May 22, 337), commonly known as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or (among Orthodox Christians) Saint Constantine, was proclaimed Augustus by his troops on July 25, 306 and ruled an ever-growing portion of the Roman Empire until his death. Constantine is famed for his refounding of Byzantium (modern Istanbul) as "Nova Roma" (New Rome) or Constantinople (Const ...

Including:

• Constantine I emperor - Early life
• Constantine I emperor - Constantine and Christianity
• Constantine I emperor - Persian reaction
• Constantine I emperor - Constantine's life and actions after the Edict of Milan
• Constantine I emperor - Later life
• Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legal standards
• Constantine I emperor - Constantine's courts and appointees
• Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legacy
• Constantine I emperor - Legend and Donation of Constantine
• Constantine I emperor - Constantine in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia
• Constantine I emperor - Notes
• Constantine I emperor - References and further reading

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Tacitus's works contain a wealth of information about his world, but details on his own life are lacking. Even his praenomen (first name) is uncertain. What little we know comes from scattered hints throughout the corpus of his work, the letters of his friend and admirer Pliny the Younger, an inscription found at Mylasa in Caria[1]< ...

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Tacitus, Tacitus - Biography, Tacitus - Descent and place of birth, Tacitus - Public life marriage and literary career, Tacitus - Works, Tacitus - Major works, Tacitus - Minor works, Tacitus - The sources of Tacitus, Tacitus - Literary style, Tacitus - Approach to history, Tacitus - Prose style, Tacitus - Studies and reception history, Tacitus - Notes

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He was born to David and Florence Syme in Eltham, New Zealand, where he attended primary and secondary school; a bad case of measles would seriously damage his vision during this period. He moved to New Plymouth Boy's High School (a dormitory of which bears his name today) at the age of 15 and was head of his class for both of his two years. He continued to the University of Auckland and Victoria University of Wellington, where he studied French language and literature while working on his degree in Classics. He attended the School of Literae Humaniores at Oriel College, Oxford between 1925 and 1927, graduating with a First Class degre ...

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Ronald Syme, Ronald Syme - Life, Ronald Syme - Works

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Agustín de Iturbide, liberator and subsequently Emperor of Mexico, originated from a noble family that has its roots in Navarre. The Iturbide family had been ennobled in 1440 by King Juan II of Aragon. Don Martin de Iturbide was Alcalde of the valley of Baztan in 1432 and exercised jurisdiction in the King's name. The Iturbide family continued to hold high office in the Basque lands from the 15th century onwards and many prominent members of the family are recorded in the archives of Pamplona. Don Juan de Iturbide and two of hi ...

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Pretender, Pretender - Some modern pretenders, Pretender - Pretenders in the Roman Empire, Pretender - Cypriot Pretenders, Pretender - French Pretenders, Pretender - Russian Pretenders, Pretender - British Scottish Welsh and Irish Pretenders, Pretender - Mexican House of Iturbide, Pretender - Ottoman Pretenders, Pretender - Iraqi Pretenders, Pretender - Fake pretenders

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Emperor - Europe & Byzantium. In the Roman tradition a large variety in the meaning and importance of the Imperial form of monarchy developed: in intention it was always the highest office, but it could as well fall down to a redundant title for nobility that had never been near to the "Empire" they were supposed to be reigning. Also the name of the position split in several b ...

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Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development of the Roman & Christian tradition, Emperor - Europe & Byzantium, Emperor - Post-colonial emperors modeled on Europe, Emperor - History on other imperial traditions, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Pre-colonial Africa:, Emperor - Far East, Emperor - Persian and Islamic traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

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Constantine was born at Naissus, (today's Niš, Serbia, Serbia and Montenegro) in Upper Moesia to Greek general,Constantius I Chlorus, and his first wife Helena, an innkeeper's daughter who at the time was an adolescent of only sixteen years. His father left his mother around 292 to marry Flavia Maximiana Theodora, daughter or step-daughter of the Western Roman Emperor Maximian. Theodora would give birth to six half-si ...

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Constantine I emperor, Constantine I emperor - Early life, Constantine I emperor - Constantine and Christianity, Constantine I emperor - Persian reaction, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's life and actions after the Edict of Milan, Constantine I emperor - Later life, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legal standards, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's courts and appointees, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legacy, Constantine I emperor - Legend and Donation of Constantine, Constantine I emperor - Constantine in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia, Constantine I emperor - Notes, Constantine I emperor - References and further reading

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The person of Elissa can be traced back at least to lost writings of the historian Timaeus of Tauromenium in Sicily (c. 356–260 BC) as referred to and used by later sources. Timaeus dated the foundation of Carthage to 814 BC (or 813 BC) but he also placed the founding of Rome in the same year which suggests legend had been at work. Other historians gave other dates, both for the foundation of Carthage and the foundation of Rome. Appian in the beginning of his Punic ...

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Dido, Dido - Early accounts, Dido - Virgil's Aeneid, Dido - Later Roman tradition, Dido - Continuing tradition, Dido - An alternative viewpoint, Dido - Selected bibliography

Read more here: » Dido: Encyclopedia II - Dido - Early accounts

Emperor - Europe. In the Roman tradition a large variety in the meaning and importance of the Imperial form of monarchy developed: in intention it was always the highest office, but it could as well fall down to a redundant title for nobility that had never been near to the "Empire" they were supposed to be reigning. Also the name of the office split in several branches of Western tradition, see secti ...

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Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development, Emperor - Europe, Emperor - The Americas, Emperor - Africa, Emperor - Asia, Emperor - Persian tradition, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Other traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

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According to Cassius Dio, 580,000 Jews were killed, 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. Hadrian attempted to root out Judaism, which he saw as the cause of continuous rebellions. He prohibited the Torah law, the Jewish calendar and executed Judaic scholars. The sacred scroll was ceremoniously burned on the Temple Mount. At the former Temple sanctuary he installed two statues, one of Jupiter, another of himself. In an attempt to erase any memory of Judea, he wiped the name off the map and replaced it with Syria Palaestina, as an ...

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Bar Kokhba's revolt, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Background, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Revolt, Bar Kokhba's revolt - The Era of the redemption of Israel, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Roman reaction, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Outcome of the War and Beginning of another Jewish Diaspora, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Sources, Bar Kokhba's revolt - External link

Read more here: » Bar Kokhba's revolt: Encyclopedia II - Bar Kokhba's revolt - Outcome of the War and Beginning of another Jewish Diaspora

Augusta, derived from Augustus the emperor, is also part of the original Latin names of many ancient places. As populations spread, they took the names with them. Augusta - In Australia. Augusta, Western Australia, Australia Augusta - In Canada. Augusta, Ontario, Canada North Augusta, Ontario, Canada South Augusta, Ontario, Canada Augusta - In Europe. Augusta Perusia: Perugia A ...

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Augusta, Augusta - Augusta as a place name, Augusta - In Australia, Augusta - In Canada, Augusta - In Europe, Augusta - In United States of America, Augusta - People, Augusta - Other meanings

Read more here: » Augusta: Encyclopedia II - Augusta - Augusta as a place name

Constantine was born at Naissus,(today's Niš, Serbia, Serbia and Montenegro) in Upper Moesia, to Constantius I Chlorus, and his first wife Helena, an innkeeper's daughter who at the time was an adolescent of only sixteen years. His father left his mother around 292 to marry Flavia Maximiana Theodora, daughter or step-daughter of the Western Roman Emperor Maximian. Theodora would give birth to six half-si ...

See also:

Constantine I emperor, Constantine I emperor - Early life, Constantine I emperor - Constantine and Christianity, Constantine I emperor - Persian reaction, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's life and actions after the Edict of Milan, Constantine I emperor - Later life, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legal standards, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's courts and appointees, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legacy, Constantine I emperor - Legend and Donation of Constantine, Constantine I emperor - Constantine in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia, Constantine I emperor - Notes, Constantine I emperor - References and further reading

Read more here: » Constantine I emperor: Encyclopedia II - Constantine I emperor - Early life

The outbreak took the Romans by surprise. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and troops were brought from as far as the Danube. The size of the Roman army amassed against the rebels was larger than that commanded by Titus Flavius sixty years earlier, but Roman losses were so heavy that the generals' report to the Roman Senate omitted the customary formula "I and my army are well." The struggle lasted for three years before the revolt was brutally crushed in the summer of 135. After losing Jerusalem, Bar Kok ...

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Bar Kokhba's revolt, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Background, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Revolt, Bar Kokhba's revolt - The Era of the redemption of Israel, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Roman reaction, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Outcome of the War and Beginning of another Jewish Diaspora, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Sources, Bar Kokhba's revolt - External link

Read more here: » Bar Kokhba's revolt: Encyclopedia II - Bar Kokhba's revolt - Roman reaction

Coins struck for emperors often reveal details of their personal iconography. During the early part of Constantine's rule, representations first of Mars and then (from 310) of Apollo as Sun god consistently appear on the reverse of the coinage. Mars had been associated with the Tetrarchy, and Constantine's use of this symbolism served to emphasize the legitimacy of his rule. After his breach with his father's old colleague Maximian in 309–310, Constantine began to claim legitimate descent from the 3rd century emperor Marcus Aurelius Claudi ...

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Constantine I emperor, Constantine I emperor - Early life, Constantine I emperor - Constantine and Christianity, Constantine I emperor - Persian reaction, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's life and actions after the Edict of Milan, Constantine I emperor - Later life, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legal standards, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's courts and appointees, Constantine I emperor - Constantine's legacy, Constantine I emperor - Legend and Donation of Constantine, Constantine I emperor - Constantine in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia, Constantine I emperor - Notes, Constantine I emperor - References and further reading

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Pretenders to the thrones of the United Kingdom and its predecessor realms and other historical jurisdictions of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, were essentially taken care of by making the Irish and English (and subsequently, British) monarchies purely statutory institutions. This change was first effected in England following the accession of Henry VII, after a long series of strife and civil wars that began when Henry IV deposed Richard II. Attempts to disrupt the statutory nature of the monarchy in England were made by some ...

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Pretender, Pretender - Some modern pretenders, Pretender - Pretenders in the Roman Empire, Pretender - Cypriot Pretenders, Pretender - French Pretenders, Pretender - Russian Pretenders, Pretender - British Scottish Welsh and Irish Pretenders, Pretender - Mexican House of Iturbide, Pretender - Ottoman Pretenders, Pretender - Iraqi Pretenders, Pretender - Fake pretenders

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A sovereign Jewish state was restored for two and a half years that followed. The functional civil administration was headed by Simon Bar Kokhba, who took the title Nasi Israel (ruler or prince of Israel). The "Era of the redemption of Israel" was announced, contracts were signed and coins were minted with corresponding inscriptions (some were overstruck over Roman silver coins). Rabbi Akiva presided over the Sanhedrin. The religious rituals were observed and the korbanot (i.e. sacrifices) were resume ...

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Bar Kokhba's revolt, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Background, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Revolt, Bar Kokhba's revolt - The Era of the redemption of Israel, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Roman reaction, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Outcome of the War and Beginning of another Jewish Diaspora, Bar Kokhba's revolt - Sources, Bar Kokhba's revolt - External link

Read more here: » Bar Kokhba's revolt: Encyclopedia II - Bar Kokhba's revolt - The Era of the redemption of Israel