The Atlantic Ocean is Earth's second-largest ocean, covering approximately one-fifth of its surface. The ocean's name, derived from Greek mythology, means the "Sea of Atlas". This ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending in a north-south direction and is divided into the North Atlantic and South Atlantic by equatorial counter currents at about 8° north latitude. Bounded by the Americas on the west and Europe and Africa on the east, the Atlantic is linked to the Pacific Ocean by the Arctic Ocean on the north and th ...

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Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics Atlantic Ocean - Climate Atlantic Ocean - History and economy Atlantic Ocean - Terrain
Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards
Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours
Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom, Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics, Atlantic Ocean - Climate, Atlantic Ocean - History and economy, Atlantic Ocean - Terrain, Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes, Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources, Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards, Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues, Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography, Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours, Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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The surface is usually covered with sea ice in the Labrador Sea, Denmark Strait, and Baltic Sea from October to June. There is a clockwise warm-water gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the northern Atlantic, and a counter-clockwise warm-water gyre in the southern Atlantic. The ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a rugged north-south centerline for the entire Atlantic basin, first discovered by the Challenger Expedition. Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes. lowest point: Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench -8,605 metres (28,232 ft; 5.3 mi) hi ...

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Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom, Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics, Atlantic Ocean - Climate, Atlantic Ocean - History and economy, Atlantic Ocean - Terrain, Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes, Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources, Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards, Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues, Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography, Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours, Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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Guyana is a water-rich country. The numerous rivers flow into the Atlantic Ocean, generally in a northward direction. A number of rivers in the western part of the country, however, flow eastward into the Essequibo River, draining the Kaieteur Plateau. The Essequibo, the country's major river, runs from the Brazilian border in the south to a wide delta west of Georgetown. The rivers of eastern Guyana cut across the coastal zone, making east-west travel difficult, but they also provide limited water access to the interior. Waterfalls generall ...

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Geography of Guyana, Geography of Guyana - Terrain, Geography of Guyana - Hydrology, Geography of Guyana - Climate, Geography of Guyana - Facts, Geography of Guyana - Sources

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uyana is a water-rich country. The numerous rivers flow into the Atlantic Ocean, generally in a northward direction. A number of rivers in the western part of the country, however, flow eastward into the Essequibo River, draining the Kaieteur Plateau. The Essequibo, the country's major river, runs from the Brazilian border in the south to a wide delta west of Georgetown. The rivers of eastern Guyana cut across the coastal zone, making east-west travel difficult, but they also provide limited water access to the interior. Waterfalls generally ...

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Geography of Guyana, Geography of Guyana - Terrain, Geography of Guyana - Hydrology, Geography of Guyana - Climate, Geography of Guyana - Facts, Geography of Guyana - Sources

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Most of the country's many rivers originate in central Angola, but their patterns of flow are diverse and their ultimate outlets varied. A number of rivers flow in a more or less westerly course to the Atlantic Ocean, providing water for irrigation in the dry coastal strip and the potential for hydroelectric power, only some of which had been realized by 1988. Two of Angola's most important rivers, the Cuanza and the Cunene, take a more indirect route to the Atlantic, the Cuanza flowing north and the Cunene flowing south before turning west. ...

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Geography of Angola, Geography of Angola - Geology, Geography of Angola - Location, Geography of Angola - Area, Geography of Angola - Area comparative, Geography of Angola - Capital, Geography of Angola - Major Cities, Geography of Angola - Land boundaries, Geography of Angola - Climate, Geography of Angola - Terrain, Geography of Angola - Coastal lowland, Geography of Angola - Hills and mountains, Geography of Angola - High plateau, Geography of Angola - Drainage, Geography of Angola - Land use and hazards, Geography of Angola - Environment - current issues, Geography of Angola - Flora and fauna, Geography of Angola - Extreme points, Geography of Angola - Sources

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Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo Geographic coordinates: 12°30′S 18°30′E Map references: Africa ...

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Geography of Angola, Geography of Angola - Geology, Geography of Angola - Location, Geography of Angola - Area, Geography of Angola - Area comparative, Geography of Angola - Capital, Geography of Angola - Major Cities, Geography of Angola - Land boundaries, Geography of Angola - Climate, Geography of Angola - Terrain, Geography of Angola - Coastal lowland, Geography of Angola - Hills and mountains, Geography of Angola - High plateau, Geography of Angola - Drainage, Geography of Angola - Land use and hazards, Geography of Angola - Environment - current issues, Geography of Angola - Flora and fauna, Geography of Angola - Extreme points, Geography of Angola - Sources

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Ghana, which lies in the center of the West African coast, shares 2,093 km of land borders with the three French-speaking nations of Burkina Faso (548 km) to the north, Côte d'Ivoire (668 km) to the west, and Togo (877 km) to the east. To the south are the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. With a total area of 238,533 square kilometers, Ghana is about the size of Britain, or slightly smaller than Oregon. Its southernmost coast at Cape Three Points is 4° 30' north of the equator. From here, the country extends inland for some 67 ...

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Geography of Ghana, Geography of Ghana - Location and size, Geography of Ghana - Climate, Geography of Ghana - Terrain, Geography of Ghana - Geographical regions, Geography of Ghana - Low Plains, Geography of Ghana - Ashanti Uplands, Geography of Ghana - Akwapim-Togo Ranges, Geography of Ghana - Volta Basin, Geography of Ghana - High plains, Geography of Ghana - Rivers and lakes, Geography of Ghana - Natural hazards, Geography of Ghana - Environment, Geography of Ghana - Other, Geography of Ghana - Source

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The principal feature of the bottom topography of the Atlantic Ocean is a great submarine mountain range called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It extends from Iceland in the north to approximately 58° south latitude, reaching a maximum width of about 1,600 km (1,000 miles). A great rift valley also extends along the ridge over most of its length. The depth of water over the ridge is less than 2,700 m (8,900 ft) in most places, and several mountain peaks rise above the water, forming islands. The South Atlantic Ocean has a ...

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Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom, Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics, Atlantic Ocean - Climate, Atlantic Ocean - History and economy, Atlantic Ocean - Terrain, Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes, Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources, Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards, Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues, Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography, Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours, Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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The principal feature of the bottom topography of the Atlantic Ocean is a great submarine mountain range called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It extends from Iceland in the north to approximately 58° south latitude, reaching a maximum width of about 1,600 kilometres (1,000 mi). A great rift valley also extends along the ridge over most of its length. The depth of water over the ridge is less than 2,700 metres (8,900 ft) in most places, and several mountain peaks rise above the water, forming islands. The South Atlantic Ocean has a ...

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Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom, Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics, Atlantic Ocean - Climate, Atlantic Ocean - History and economy, Atlantic Ocean - Terrain, Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes, Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources, Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards, Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues, Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography, Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours, Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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The Atlantic Ocean appears to be the second youngest of the world's oceans, after the Southern Ocean. Evidence indicates that it did not exist prior to 180 million years ago, when the continents that formed from the breakup of the ancestral supercontinent, Pangaea, were being rafted apart by the process of seafloor spreading. The Atlantic has been extensively explored since the earliest settlements were established along its shores. The Vikings, Portuguese, and Christopher Columbus were the most famous among its early explorers. After Columb ...

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Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom, Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics, Atlantic Ocean - Climate, Atlantic Ocean - History and economy, Atlantic Ocean - Terrain, Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes, Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources, Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards, Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues, Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography, Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours, Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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The salinity of the surface waters in the open ocean ranges from 33 to 37 parts per thousand by mass and varies with latitude and season. Although the minimum salinity values are found just north of the equator, in general the lowest values are in the high latitudes and along coasts where large rivers flow into the ocean. Maximum salinity values occur at about 25° north latitude. Surface salinity values are influenced by evaporati ...

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Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean - Ocean bottom, Atlantic Ocean - Water characteristics, Atlantic Ocean - Climate, Atlantic Ocean - History and economy, Atlantic Ocean - Terrain, Atlantic Ocean - Elevation extremes, Atlantic Ocean - Natural resources, Atlantic Ocean - Natural hazards, Atlantic Ocean - Current environmental issues, Atlantic Ocean - Notes on geography, Atlantic Ocean - Ports and harbours, Atlantic Ocean - Note on transportation

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