The name Essex derives from the Kingdom of Essex or Kingdom of the East Seaxe which was founded around 500 AD, occupying territory to the north of the River Thames, incorporating much of what would later become Middlesex and Hertfordshire, though its territory was later restricted to lands east of the River Lee. The boundaries of the ceremonial county cover a larger area than the present shire county, including the unitary authorities of Thurrock and Southend-on-Sea; the historic county boundaries additiona ...

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Essex, Essex - History, Essex - Population and settlement, Essex - Transport commerce and industry, Essex - Towns and villages, Essex - Places of Interest

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The historian William Rees says, in his "Historical Atlas of Wales": (published 1959) "... the boundaries of the modern shires have largely been determined by the ancient divisions of the country. The survival of these ancient local divisions within the pattern of historical change constitutes a vital element in the framework of the national life and helps to preserve its continuity." The British Broadcasting Corporation, in an article about the Shiring of Wales, says: "Along the border, districts which had long been associated with Wales were ...

See also:

Traditional counties of Wales, Traditional counties of Wales - The counties, Traditional counties of Wales - Background

Read more here: » Traditional counties of Wales: Encyclopedia II - Traditional counties of Wales - Background

Originally, in continental Europe, a county was the land under the jurisdiction of a count. Counts are called "earls" in post-Celtic Britain and Ireland - the term is from Old Norse jarl and was introduced by the Vikings - but there is no correlation between "county" and "earldom." Rather, the term "county," from French comté, was simply used by the Normans after 1066 to replace the native English term scir ("sheer") or "shire," in Modern English. A shire was an administrative division of an Anglo-Saxon kingdom ( ...

Including:

• County - Overview
• County - Australia
• County - New South Wales
• County - Canada
• County - China
• County - Croatia
• County - Hungary
• County - Ireland
• County - Japan
• County - Lithuania
• County - New Zealand
• County - Norway
• County - Poland
• County - Romania
• County - Serbia and Montenegro
• County - Sweden
• County - United Kingdom
• County - United States
• County - Exceptions in Louisiana and Alaska
• County - New England
• County - Independent Cities in the U.S.
• County - Counties switching into Regional or Metropolitan Municipalities
• County - County seats overlapping two or more counties
• County - Atlanta and Fulton County
• County - Notes

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The Lakeside Shopping Centre at Thurrock was one of England's first out-of-town shopping centres; it remains popular despite congestion on the nearby M25 motorway and direct competition from Bluewater Shopping Centre. Essex also contains Stansted Airport and several smaller aerodromes that have evolved from bomber or fighter bases constructed during World War II. The port of Tilbury is one of Britain's three major ports, while the port of Harwich links the county to the Hook of Holland. Despite the road crossing to Dartford in Kent across the River Thames, a pedestrian ferry to Gravesen ...

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Essex, Essex - History, Essex - Population and settlement, Essex - Transport commerce and industry, Essex - Towns and villages, Essex - Places of Interest

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Because of its proximity to London and the economic magnetism which that city exerts, many of Essex's settlements function as dormitory towns or villages where London workers raise their families. Essex is known for being the origin of the political term Essex man, and of the Essex girl joke. Essex has recently overtaken Lancashire as England's most populous county. The pattern of settlement in the county is diverse. The London Green Belt has effectively prevented of the further sprawl of the metropolis into the County, although it co ...

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Essex, Essex - History, Essex - Population and settlement, Essex - Transport commerce and industry, Essex - Towns and villages, Essex - Places of Interest

Read more here: » Essex: Encyclopedia II - Essex - Population and settlement

‡ also known as Salop The map omits all exclaves (detached parts) apart from the Furness part of Lancashire south of Cumberland and Westmorland. Monmouthshire was previously usually considered to be a county of England, but is now generally accepted to be part of Wales. Counties named after towns were often legally known as the "County of" followed by the name of the town — so, for example, Yorkshire would be referred to as "County of York". The modern usage is to use the suffix "-shire" only for counties named after ...

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Traditional counties of England, Traditional counties of England - The counties, Traditional counties of England - Origin, Traditional counties of England - Traditional subdivisions, Traditional counties of England - Authenticity and anomalies, Traditional counties of England - Usage, Traditional counties of England - Counties and urban areas, Traditional counties of England - The traditional counties movement

Read more here: » Traditional counties of England: Encyclopedia II - Traditional counties of England - The counties

ABC - Media companies. ABC Records, a recording label American Broadcasting Company ABC Family, the cable TV division ABC News, the news division ABC Radio, the radio division ABC Sports, the sports division Asahi Broadcasting Corporation in Osaka, Japan Associated British Corporation, a former British television company Associated Broadcasting Company, a television network in the Philippines Australian Broadcasting ...

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ABC, ABC - Organizations, ABC - Media companies, ABC - Science and technology not organizations, ABC - Automotive, ABC - Biology and medicine, ABC - Computing, ABC - Music, ABC - People, ABC - Other

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By the 14th century, the growth of some towns had led to strong opposition to their government by local counties. While charters giving various rights were awarded to each borough, some were awarded complete effective independence including their own sherriffs, Quarter Sessions and other officials, and were sometimes given governing rights over a swathe of surrounding countryside. They were referred to in the form "Town and County of ..." or "City and County of ...", an ...

See also:

County corporate, County corporate - History, County corporate - List of counties corporate, County corporate - England and Wales, County corporate - Ireland, County corporate - Reference

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The Act specified the composition and names of the English and Welsh counties, and the composition of the metropolitan and Welsh districts. It did not specify any names of districts, nor indeed the borders of the non-metropolitan districts — these were specified by Statutory Instrument after the passing of the Act (specifically by the The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972, SI 1972/2038). In England there were 46 counties and 296 districts, in Wales there were 8 and 37. Six of the English counties were design ...

See also:

Local Government Act 1972, Local Government Act 1972 - Background, Local Government Act 1972 - The Act, Local Government Act 1972 - The new local government areas, Local Government Act 1972 - England, Local Government Act 1972 - Wales, Local Government Act 1972 - Map, Local Government Act 1972 - Division of functions, Local Government Act 1972 - Reaction and aftermath

Read more here: » Local Government Act 1972: Encyclopedia II - Local Government Act 1972 - The new local government areas

Main article: County (United States) The term "county" is used in 48 of the 50 states of the United States for the tier of state government authority immediately below the statewide tier and above the township tier, in those states that sub-divided counties into civil townships. Each county contains a county seat, which is where county offices are located (this is usually, but not always, an incorporated municipality). In some states, counties are subdivided into townships, which typically provide some or all of the loca ...

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County, County - Overview, County - Australia, County - New South Wales, County - Canada, County - China, County - Croatia, County - Hungary, County - Ireland, County - Japan, County - Lithuania, County - New Zealand, County - Norway, County - Poland, County - Romania, County - Serbia and Montenegro, County - Sweden, County - United Kingdom, County - United States, County - Exceptions in Louisiana and Alaska, County - New England, County - Independent Cities in the U.S., County - Counties switching into Regional or Metropolitan Municipalities, County - County seats overlapping two or more counties, County - Atlanta and Fulton County, County - Notes

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After the 1889 establishment of county councils and county boroughs, by the Local Government Act 1888, the Lieutenancy was varied from its earlier basis (based in large part on the traditional counties, although there were differences, as for example Bristol had had a Lord-Lieutenant for centuries). The Act established that areas that were part of an administrative county would be part of the county for all ceremonial purposes, and also made the whole of county boroughs part of that county. The distinction between these counties and t ...

See also:

Ceremonial counties of England, Ceremonial counties of England - Map, Ceremonial counties of England - History, Ceremonial counties of England - Definition, Ceremonial counties of England - Lieutenancy areas in 1890, Ceremonial counties of England - External link

Read more here: » Ceremonial counties of England: Encyclopedia II - Ceremonial counties of England - History

The earliest English settlers in the district were the Gyrwas, an East Anglian tribe, who early in the 6th century worked their way up the Ouse and the Cam as far as Huntingdon. After their conquest of East Anglia in the latter half of the 9th century, Huntingdon became an important seat of the Danes, and the Danish origin of the shire is borne out by an entry in the Saxon Chronicle referring to Huntingdon as a military centre to which the surrounding district owed allegiance, while the shire itself is mentioned in the Historia Eliensis in connection with events which took place ...

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Huntingdonshire, Huntingdonshire - History, Huntingdonshire - Status, Huntingdonshire - Revival of county council, Huntingdonshire - Towns and villages, Huntingdonshire - Famous people associated with Huntingdonshire

Read more here: » Huntingdonshire: Encyclopedia II - Huntingdonshire - History

County - New South Wales. While New South Wales was divided into counties in the early days of the colony, often preceding European settlement, hundreds, parishes and counties became dead letters for most purposes other than the registration of land ownership, which, under the Torrens title system, is centralised in the state capital of Sydney. Sydney lies in the County of Cumberland. Local government is organised as municipalities for urban areas, and shires for rural areas. La ...

See also:

County, County - Overview, County - Australia, County - New South Wales, County - Canada, County - China, County - Croatia, County - Hungary, County - Ireland, County - Japan, County - Lithuania, County - New Zealand, County - Norway, County - Poland, County - Romania, County - Serbia and Montenegro, County - Sweden, County - United Kingdom, County - United States, County - Exceptions in Louisiana and Alaska, County - New England, County - Independent Cities in the U.S., County - Counties switching into Regional or Metropolitan Municipalities, County - County seats overlapping two or more counties, County - Atlanta and Fulton County, County - Notes

Read more here: » County: Encyclopedia II - County - Australia

ABC - Automotive. ABC (1906 automobile), an American car ABC (1920 automobile), an English car ABC (1922 automobile), a planned (but never built) American car Active Body Control, Active Suspension for Mercedes S-Class ABC - Biology and medicine. Abacavir, an antiviral drug developed for treatment of AIDS ABC (first aid) ABC-Transporter Genes Abortion-breast cancer (ABC) hypothesis in developmental biology ...

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ABC, ABC - Organizations, ABC - Media companies, ABC - Science and technology not organizations, ABC - Automotive, ABC - Biology and medicine, ABC - Computing, ABC - Music, ABC - People, ABC - Other

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Counties have been units of regional self-government in Croatia since 1990. There are twenty counties and the city of Zagreb which has the same status. They are called županije and they are each headed by a župan (whose replacement is called a dožupan). See also: Counties of Croatia ...

See also:

County, County - Overview, County - Australia, County - New South Wales, County - Canada, County - China, County - Croatia, County - Hungary, County - Ireland, County - Japan, County - Lithuania, County - New Zealand, County - Norway, County - Poland, County - Romania, County - Serbia and Montenegro, County - Sweden, County - United Kingdom, County - United States, County - Exceptions in Louisiana and Alaska, County - New England, County - Independent Cities in the U.S., County - Counties switching into Regional or Metropolitan Municipalities, County - County seats overlapping two or more counties, County - Atlanta and Fulton County, County - Notes

Read more here: » County: Encyclopedia II - County - Croatia

The traditional counties movement consists of a national organisation, the Association of British Counties, along with various regional affiliates. The broad objectives of the movement include to replace the ceremonial counties with the traditional counties to re-establish the pre-1974 terminology of "administrative counties" in the law, rather than the post-1974 terminology of "counties" to get the Ordnance Survey and other map suppliers to determine and mark the traditional county boundaries < ...

See also:

Traditional counties of England, Traditional counties of England - The counties, Traditional counties of England - Origin, Traditional counties of England - Traditional subdivisions, Traditional counties of England - Authenticity and anomalies, Traditional counties of England - Usage, Traditional counties of England - Counties and urban areas, Traditional counties of England - The traditional counties movement

Read more here: » Traditional counties of England: Encyclopedia II - Traditional counties of England - The traditional counties movement

Main article: County of China The word "county" is used to translate the Chinese term xiàn (县 or 縣). On Mainland China under the People's Republic of China, counties are the third level of local government, coming under both the province level and the prefecture level. On Taiwan, the streamlining of Taiwan Province has left the county the major governmental level below the Repub ...

See also:

County, County - Overview, County - Australia, County - New South Wales, County - Canada, County - China, County - Croatia, County - Hungary, County - Ireland, County - Japan, County - Lithuania, County - New Zealand, County - Norway, County - Poland, County - Romania, County - Serbia and Montenegro, County - Sweden, County - United Kingdom, County - United States, County - Exceptions in Louisiana and Alaska, County - New England, County - Independent Cities in the U.S., County - Counties switching into Regional or Metropolitan Municipalities, County - County seats overlapping two or more counties, County - Atlanta and Fulton County, County - Notes

Read more here: » County: Encyclopedia II - County - China

Apart from historic divisions such as Newmarket, Stamford and Tamworth, there are a great number of towns which have expanded (in some cases across a river) into a neighbouring county. These include such towns and cities as Banbury, Birmingham, Bristol, Burton-upon-Trent, Great Yarmouth, Leighton Buzzard, London, Manchester, Market Harborough, Peterborough, Reading, Redditch, St Neots, Swadlincote, Tadley and Wisbech. Although Oxford is on the River Thames, historically the border between Oxfordshire and Berkshire, the traditional border ...

See also:

Traditional counties of England, Traditional counties of England - The counties, Traditional counties of England - Origin, Traditional counties of England - Traditional subdivisions, Traditional counties of England - Authenticity and anomalies, Traditional counties of England - Usage, Traditional counties of England - Counties and urban areas, Traditional counties of England - The traditional counties movement

Read more here: » Traditional counties of England: Encyclopedia II - Traditional counties of England - Counties and urban areas

The counties corporate (listed with date of creation where known) were: County corporate - England and Wales. Berwick upon Tweed (1551) Bristol (1373) Caernarfon Carmarthen (1604) Canterbury (1461) Chester Coventry (1451, abolished 1842) Exeter (1537) Gloucester (1483) Haverfordwest (1479) Kingston upon Hull (Hullshire) (1440, abolished 1835) Lichfield Lincoln (1409) London Ne ...

See also:

County corporate, County corporate - History, County corporate - List of counties corporate, County corporate - England and Wales, County corporate - Ireland, County corporate - Reference

Read more here: » County corporate: Encyclopedia II - County corporate - List of counties corporate

Functions previously exercisable by local authorities were distributed broadly as so: Sanitary authorities: districts, and London boroughs Water and sewerage: districts, London boroughs (provision for joint boards in London) Town and country planning: districts and counties Traffic: counties (main roads) and districts Gipsy sites: counties (?) Education: non-metropolitan counties and metropolitan districts Housing: districts Social services: non-metropolitan counties ...

See also:

Local Government Act 1972, Local Government Act 1972 - Background, Local Government Act 1972 - The Act, Local Government Act 1972 - The new local government areas, Local Government Act 1972 - England, Local Government Act 1972 - Wales, Local Government Act 1972 - Map, Local Government Act 1972 - Division of functions, Local Government Act 1972 - Reaction and aftermath

Read more here: » Local Government Act 1972: Encyclopedia II - Local Government Act 1972 - Division of functions