Asian values was a concept that came into vogue in the 1990s, predicated on the belief in the existence in Asian countries of a unique set of institutions and political ideologies which reflected the region's culture and history. Because the proponents of the concept came from different cultural backgrounds, no single definition of term exists, but typically "Asian values" encompasses some flavor of Confucianism, in particular loyalty towards the family, corporation and nation, the forgoing of personal freedom for the sake of s ...

Read more here: » Asian values: Encyclopedia - Asian values

Collectivist and individualist cultures - Traits of Collectivism. "We" not "me" orientation. Each person is encouraged to conform to society, to do what is best for the group and to not openly express opinions or beliefs that go against it. Group, family or rights for the common good seen as most important than the rights of inviduals. Rules promote stability, order, obedience. Fitting in or conforming to group or society is required. Distinctions made between in ...

See also:

Collectivist and individualist cultures, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Identity, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Traits of Collectivism, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Traits of Individualism, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Examples of Countries with Generally Collectivistic Cultures, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Examples of Countries with Generally Individualistic Cultures, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Attribution, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Personality Types, Collectivist and individualist cultures - Collectivism and individualism in Chinese culture

Read more here: » Collectivist and individualist cultures: Encyclopedia II - Collectivist and individualist cultures - Identity

Cultures are typically divided into two categories: collectivist and individualist. Individualist cultures, such as those of the United States and Western Europe, emphasize personal achievement at the expense of group goals, resulting in a strong sense of competition. Collectivist cultures, such as those of China, Korea, and Japan, emphasize family and work group goals. Collectivism and individualism deeply pervade cultures. People simply take their culture's stance for granted. In the U.S., everything from 'self-serve' ...

Including:

• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Identity
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Traits of Collectivism
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Traits of Individualism
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Examples of Countries with Generally Collectivistic Cultures
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Examples of Countries with Generally Individualistic Cultures
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Attribution
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Personality Types
• Collectivist and individualist cultures - Collectivism and individualism in Chinese culture

Read more here: » Collectivist and individualist cultures: Encyclopedia - Collectivist and individualist cultures

In his biography, Lee Kuan Yew stated that he did not sleep well, and fell sick days after Singapore's independence. As the British prime-minister at the time, Harold Wilson expressed concern upon learning of Lee's condition from the British High Commissioner, John Robb. In response to their concern, Lee replied: "Do not worry about Singapore. My colleagues and I are sane, rational people even in our moments of anguish. We will weigh all ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990

In his biography, Lee Kuan Yew stated that he did not sleep well, and fell sick days after Singapore's independence. As the British prime-minister at the time, Harold Wilson expressed concern upon learning of Lee's condition from the British High Commissioner, John Robb. In response to their concern, Lee replied: "Do not worry about Singapore. My colleagues and I are sane, rational people even in our moments of anguish. We will weigh all possible con ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early Political Career, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation, Lee Kuan Yew - Post-independence administration, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor, Lee Kuan Yew - Family, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Post-independence administration

Over a hundred ethnic groups have existed in China. In terms of numbers, however, the pre-eminent ethnic group in China is the Han, which is a group so diverse in its culture and language that some conceive of it as a larger overarching group bringing together many smaller, distinct ethnic groups sharing common traits in language and culture. Throughout history, many ethnic groups have been assimilated into neighbouring ethnicities or disappeared without a trace. Several previously distinct ethnic groups have been Sinicized into the Han, cau ...

See also:

Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

Read more here: » Chinese society: Encyclopedia II - Chinese society - Demographics

On 12 August 2004 Goh Chok Tong stepped down in favour of Lee's eldest son, Lee Hsien Loong. Goh became the Senior Minister and Lee Kuan Yew assumed a new cabinet position of Minister Mentor. Regarding gambling laws, Lee stated that he was "emotionally and intellectually" against gambling. However, he made no opposition to his son's proposal to allow casinos in the country, stating: "Having a casino is something the new leaders will have to decide". Recently, Lee has expressed his concern about the declining proficiency of Mand ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present

Lee was one of the leading advocates of Asian values, though his interpretation of Asian values is open to debate. Using his support of Asian values, Confucian, and to a lesser extent, Buddhist virtues were widely promoted by Lee in the 1980s. This was evidenced in his visits to Chinese temples. In an interview with The Straits Times, Lee said that he is an agnostic. ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs

After leading the PAP in seven victorious elections, Lee stepped down on 28 November 1990, handing over the prime minister position to Goh Chok Tong. He was then the longest serving Prime Minister ever. This leadership transition was meticulously planned and executed. The recruitment and grooming for the second generation leaders took place as early as 1970s. In the 1980s, Goh and the younger leaders started to assume important cabinet positions. Prior to the official transition, all other first generation leaders (the "old guards") w ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004

Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. Southeast Asia - Name and definition. Brunei Cambodia East Timor Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam The name for the region was first coined in the 20th century. It was previously known as Further India (as opposed to the Indian subcontinent). The subreg ...

Including:

• Southeast Asia - Name and definition
• Southeast Asia - Topography of the subregion
• Southeast Asia - Population
• Southeast Asia - Ethnic groups in the subregion
• Southeast Asia - Religions in the subregion
• Southeast Asia - Languages in the subregion
• Southeast Asia - Environment
• Southeast Asia - Economy
• Southeast Asia - Culture
• Southeast Asia - Peranakans
• Southeast Asia - History
• Southeast Asia - Historical ties with the rest of the world
• Southeast Asia - Relationship to Australasia
• Southeast Asia - Literature of Southeast Asia

Read more here: » Southeast Asia: Encyclopedia - Southeast Asia

Lee’s first experience with politics in Singapore was his role as election agent for his boss John Laycock under the banner of the pro-British Progressive Party in the 1951 legislative council elections. However, Lee eventually realised the party’s future looked bleak as it was unlikely to have mass support, especially from the Chinese-speaking working class masses. This was especially important when the 1953 Rendel commission significantly expanded the electoral rolls to include all local-born as voters, resulting in a significa ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959

Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy. During the three decades in which Lee was in office, Singapore grew from being a developing country to one of the most developed nations in the world, despite its small population, limited land space and lack of natural resources. Lee has often stated that Singapore's only natural resources are its people and their strong work ethic. He is widely respected by many Singaporeans, particularly the older generation, who remember his inspiring leadership during independence and the separation fr ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies

The term Western world or "the West" can have multiple meanings depending on its context. Originally defined as Western Europe, most modern uses of the term refer to the societies of Western and Central Europe and their close genealogical, linguistic, and philosophical colonial descendants, typically included are those countries whose ethnic identity and dominant culture are derived from European culture. Western world - Western countries. To define what is typical of Western society and We ...

Including:

• Western world - Western countries
• Western world - Historical
• Western world - Cold War
• Western world - Post-Cold War
• Western world - Further definitions
• Western world - Western life
• Western world - Western thought

Read more here: » Western world: Encyclopedia - Western world

The term Western thought is usually associated with the cultural tradition that traces its origins to Greek thought and Jewish and Christian religion (See also Western culture). Cornerstones in this tradition are arguably: deductive reasoning, rule of law and monotheism. Western society may be thought of as following an evolution that began with the philosophers of Athens such as Solon and Socrates. It continued through the Roman Empire and, with the addition of Christianity (which had its origins in the East), spread throughout Europe. During the colonial era, i ...

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Lee was educated at Telok Kurau Primary School, Raffles Institution, and Raffles College. His university education was delayed by World War II and the 1942–1945 Japanese occupation of Singapore. During the occupation, he operated a successful black market business selling a tapioca-based glue called Stikfas1. Having taken Chinese and Japanese lessons since 1942, he was able to work as a transcriber of Allied wire reports for the Japanese, as well as being the English-language editor on the Japanese Hodobu (報道部 — an information or propaganda dep ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Early life

The Republic of Singapore (Chinese: 新加坡共和国, Pinyin: Xīnjiāpō Gònghéguó, Malay: Republik Singapura; Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு, Ciŋakappūr Kudiyarasu), is an island city-state in Southeast Asia, situated on the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, south of the Malaysian state of Johor and north of the Indonesian Riau Islands. Its coordinates are 1°17.583′N 103°51.333′E, just 137 km north of the Equator. The name Singapore was derived from the Malay word singaIncluding:

• Singapore - History
• Singapore - Politics and government
• Singapore - Geography
• Singapore - Economy
• Singapore - Tourism
• Singapore - Transport
• Singapore - Demographics
• Singapore - Culture
• Singapore - Footnotes

Read more here: » Singapore: Encyclopedia - Singapore

The Asian financial crisis was a financial crisis that started in July 1997 in Thailand and affected currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices in several Asian countries, many considered East Asian Tigers. It is also commonly referred to as the Asian currency crisis or locally as the IMF crisis although the latter is somewhat controversial. Indonesia, South Korea and Thailand were the countries most affected by the crisis. Hong Kong, Malaysia, Laos and the Philippines were also hit by the slump. Mainland C ...

Including:

• Asian financial crisis - History
• Asian financial crisis - Thailand
• Asian financial crisis - Philippines
• Asian financial crisis - Hong Kong
• Asian financial crisis - South Korea
• Asian financial crisis - Malaysia
• Asian financial crisis - Indonesia
• Asian financial crisis - Singapore
• Asian financial crisis - People's Republic of China
• Asian financial crisis - The United States and Japan
• Asian financial crisis - Laos
• Asian financial crisis - Myanmar
• Asian financial crisis - Consequences
• Asian financial crisis - External Reference

Read more here: » Asian financial crisis: Encyclopedia - Asian financial crisis

This article applies to political ideologies. For information on authoritarianism in psychology see Authoritarian Personality. The term authoritarian is used to describe an organization or a state which enforces strong and sometimes oppressive measures against those in its sphere of influence, generally without attempts at gaining their consent and often not allowing feedback on its policies. In an authoritarian state, citizens are subject to state authority in many aspects of their lives, including many that othe ...

Including:

• Authoritarianism - Authoritarianism and ideology
• Authoritarianism - Actions of authoritarian governments
• Authoritarianism - Economic arguments for authoritarianism

Read more here: » Authoritarianism: Encyclopedia - Authoritarianism

Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963. In the national elections held on June 1, 1959, the PAP won forty-three of the fifty-one seats in the legislative assembly. Singapore gained self-government with autonomy in all state matters except in defense and foreign affairs, and Lee became the first prime minister of the state of Singapore on June 3, 1959, taking over from Chief Minister Lim Yew Hock. Before he took office, Lee demanded and secured the release of Lim Chin ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965

In his memoirs, Lee mentions that he was a fourth-generation Chinese Singaporean: his Hakka great-grandfather, Lee Bok Boon (born 1846), emigrated from the Dapu county of Guangdong province to the Straits Settlements in 1862. The eldest child of Lee Chin Koon and Chua Jim Neo, Lee Kuan Yew was born at 92 Kampong Java Road in Singapore, in a large and airy bungalow. As a child Lee was strongly influenced by British culture, due in part to his grandfather, Lee Hoon Leong, who had given his sons an English education. His grandfather gave him the name "Harry" in addition t ...

See also:

Lee Kuan Yew, Lee Kuan Yew - Family background, Lee Kuan Yew - Early life, Lee Kuan Yew - Early political career 1951 to 1959, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister pre-independence 1959 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Self-government administration 1959 to 1963, Lee Kuan Yew - Merger with Malaysia then separation 1963 to 1965, Lee Kuan Yew - Prime Minister post-independence 1965 to 1990, Lee Kuan Yew - Decisions and policies, Lee Kuan Yew - Relations with Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew - Senior Minister 1990 to 2004, Lee Kuan Yew - Minister Mentor 2004 to present, Lee Kuan Yew - Values and beliefs, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy and controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Legacy, Lee Kuan Yew - Controversies, Lee Kuan Yew - Memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew - Awards

Read more here: » Lee Kuan Yew: Encyclopedia II - Lee Kuan Yew - Family background