Ary Scheffer

Ary Scheffer (February 10, 1795 - June 15, 1858), French painter of Dutch extraction, was born at Dordrecht. After the early death of his father, a poor painter, Ary was taken to Paris and placed in the studio of Guérin by his mother, a woman of great energy and character. The moment at which Scheffer left Guérin coincided with the commencement of the Romantic movement. He had little sympathy with the directions given to it by either of its most conspicuous representatives, Sigalon, Delacroix or Géricault, and made various t ...

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Charles Louis Ambroise Thomas (Metz August 5, 1811 - ParisFebruary 12, 1896) was a French opera composer. He is best-known for his operas Mignon (1866) and his Shakespearean Hamlet (1868). Thomas' father was a musician and Ambroise learned to play the piano and violin as a child. He studied under Jean-François Le Sueur at the Paris Conservatoire, and won the Grand Prix de Rome in 1832 for his cantata, Hermann et Ketty. His first opera, "La Doubl ...

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Academic art is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies or universities. Specifically, academic art is the art and artists influenced by the standards of the French Académie des beaux-arts, which practiced under the movements of Neoclassicism and Romanticism, and the art that followed these two movements in the attempt to synthesize both of their styles, and which is best reflected by the paintings of William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Thomas Couture, and Hans Makart. In this context it is often called "academism", "academicism", "art pompier", and "eclecticism", and so ...

Including:

• Academic art - The academies in history
• Academic art - Development of the academic style
• Academic art - Academic training
• Academic art - Criticism and legacy
• Academic art - Major artists

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Since the onset of the poussiniste-rubiniste debate many artists worked between the two styles. In the 19th century, in the revived form of the debate, the attention and the aims of the art world became to synthesize the line of Neoclassicism with the color of Romanticism. One artist after another was claimed by critics to have achieved the synthesis, among them Théodore Chassériau, Ary Scheffer, Francesco Hayez, Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps, and Thomas Couture. William-Adolphe Bouguereau. A later academic artist, commented that the trick to ...

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Academic art, Academic art - The academies in history, Academic art - Development of the academic style, Academic art - Academic training, Academic art - Criticism and legacy, Academic art - Major artists

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Young artists spent years in rigorous training. In France, only students who passed an exam and carried a letter of reference from a noted professor of art were accepted at the academy's school, the École des Beaux-Arts. Drawings and paintings of the nude, called "académies", were the basic building blocks of academic art and the procedure for learning to make them was clearly defined. First, students copied prints after classical sculptures, becoming familiar with the principles of contour, light, and shade. The copy was believed crucial ...

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Academic art, Academic art - The academies in history, Academic art - Development of the academic style, Academic art - Academic training, Academic art - Criticism and legacy, Academic art - Major artists

Read more here: » Academic art: Encyclopedia II - Academic art - Academic training

The first academy of art was founded in Florence in Italy in 1562 by Giorgio Vasari who called it the Accademia dell' Arte del Disegno. There students learned the "arti del disegno" (a term coined by Vasari) and included lectures on anatomy and geometry. Another academy, the Accademia di San Luca (named after the patron saint of painters, St. Luke), was founded about a decade later in Rome. Academia di San Luca served an educational function and was more concerned with art ...

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Academic art, Academic art - The academies in history, Academic art - Development of the academic style, Academic art - Academic training, Academic art - Criticism and legacy, Academic art - Major artists

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Academic art was first criticised for its use of idealism, by Realist artists such as Gustave Courbet, as being based on clichés and representing fantasies and tales of ancient myth while real social concerns were being ignored. Another criticism of Realists was the "false surface" of paintings — the objects depicted looked smooth, slick, and idealized — showing no real texture. The Realist Theodule Augustin Ribot worked against this by experiment ...

See also:

Academic art, Academic art - The academies in history, Academic art - Development of the academic style, Academic art - Academic training, Academic art - Criticism and legacy, Academic art - Major artists

Read more here: » Academic art: Encyclopedia II - Academic art - Criticism and legacy