Armia Krajowa

The Armia Krajowa or AK (Home Army) functioned as the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland, which was active in all areas of the country from September 1939 until its disbanding in January 1945. The Armia Krajowa, one of the largest underground resistance movement during World War II, formed the armed wing of what subsequently became known as the "underground state" (państwo podziemne). Armia Krajowa - Origins. The AK originated from the Sluzba Zwyciestwu PolskiIncluding:

• Armia Krajowa - Origins
• Armia Krajowa - Structure
• Armia Krajowa - Weapons and equipment
• Armia Krajowa - Operations
• Armia Krajowa - Relations with Jews
• Armia Krajowa - Relations with Lithuanians
• Armia Krajowa - External link

Read more here: » Armia Krajowa: Encyclopedia - Armia Krajowa

As a clandestine army operating in a country occupied by the enemy, separated by over a thousand kilometers from any friendly territory, the AK faced unique challenges in acquiring arms and equipment. In a tremendous achievement, the AK was able to overcome these difficulties to some extent and put tens of thousands of armed soldiers into the field. Nevertheless, the difficult conditions meant that only infantry forces armed with light weapons could be fielded. Any use of artillery, armor or aviation was obviously out of the question (except ...

See also:

Armia Krajowa, Armia Krajowa - Origins, Armia Krajowa - Structure, Armia Krajowa - Weapons and equipment, Armia Krajowa - Operations, Armia Krajowa - Relations with Jews, Armia Krajowa - Relations with Lithuanians

Read more here: » Armia Krajowa: Encyclopedia II - Armia Krajowa - Weapons and equipment

Jan Piwnik was born August 12, 1912 in the village of Janowice near Opatów. In 1933 he graduated from a reserve NCO artillery school in Włodzimierz Wołyński. In 1935 he joined the Polish police, where he served as an officer. Mobilized in 1939, in the Polish Defensive War he commanded a motorized unit of the police. After the Soviet aggression, on September 23 he and his unit crossed the Hun ...

See also:

Jan Piwnik, Jan Piwnik - Biography

Read more here: » Jan Piwnik: Encyclopedia II - Jan Piwnik - Biography

Stefan Rowecki was born December 25, 1895 in Piotrków Trybunalski. In his home town he was one of the organizers of a secret scouting organization. During World War I he was conscripted to the Austro-Hungarian army and then to the First Brigade of the Polish Legions. He was interned in August 1917 after most of his unit refused to pledge loyalty to the Emperor of Austria. In February 1918 he was released from the internment camp in Beniaminów and joined the Po ...

See also:

Stefan Rowecki, Stefan Rowecki - Biography

Read more here: » Stefan Rowecki: Encyclopedia II - Stefan Rowecki - Biography

Białystok (pronounce: [bȋaːˈwɨstɔk] listen ▶ (help·info), Belarusian: Беласток, Biełastok, Lithuanian: Balstogė, Yiddish ביאַליסטאָק Byalistok is the largest city (pop. 291,300 in 2004) in north-eastern Poland and the capital of Podlasie Voivodship since 1999, previously o ...

Including:

• Białystok - History
• Białystok - Education
• Białystok - Famous people
• Białystok - Birthplace for
• Białystok - Politics
• Białystok - Bialystok constituency
• Białystok - Municipal politics
• Białystok - Administrative division
• Białystok - Monuments
• Białystok - Historical population
• Białystok - Sports

Read more here: » Białystok: Encyclopedia - Białystok

Białystok Ghetto Uprising was an insurrection in Poland's Białystok Ghetto against Germany during World War II. It was organised and led by Antyfaszystowska Organizacja Bojowa (Polish for Anti-fascist Military Organisation). Until February 1943 there were approximately 15.000 people still living in the Białystok Ghetto. The Nazis planned to liquidate the Ghetto in February, but due to the outbreak of armed resistance of the local inhabitants the plan was postponed. However, the resettle ...

Read more here: » Białystok Ghetto Uprising: Encyclopedia - Białystok Ghetto Uprising

The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, was the wartime meeting from February 4 to 11, 1945 between the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union. The delegations were headed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin respectively. Yalta Conference - Conference. It was a continuation of the series of meetings begun at the Casablanca Conference (January 14 to 24, 1943) althou ...

Including:

• Yalta Conference - Conference
• Yalta Conference - Controversies over Yalta

Read more here: » Yalta Conference: Encyclopedia - Yalta Conference

The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, sometimes called the Warsaw Uprising 1943, was a Jewish insurrection in Poland's Warsaw Ghetto against Nazi Germany during World War II. The main resistance lasted from April 19, 1943 to May 16 that year and was finally crushed by SS-Gruppenführer (then Brigadeführer) Jürgen Stroop. The significant precursor to the main uprising was an armed civilian action launched against the Germans on January 18, 1943. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is not to be confused with the Warsaw Uprising whic ...

Including:

• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Background
• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - The fight
• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Aftermath and Death Toll
• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Relation to 1944 Warsaw Uprising
• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - In Israel
• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Further information

Read more here: » Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: Encyclopedia - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

The Holocaust is the name applied to the systematic state-sponsored persecution and genocide of various ethnic, religious and political groups during World War II by Nazi Germany and collaborators. Early elements of the Holocaust include the Kristallnacht pogrom and the T-4 Euthanasia Program, progressing to the later use of killing squads and extermination camps in a massive and centrally organized effort to murder every possi ...

Including:

• The Holocaust - Etymology and usage of the term
• The Holocaust - Features of the Nazi Holocaust
• The Holocaust - Premeditation
• The Holocaust - Efficiency
• The Holocaust - Scale
• The Holocaust - Cruelty
• The Holocaust - Victims
• The Holocaust - Jews
• The Holocaust - Slavs
• The Holocaust - Roma Sinti and Manush 'Gypsies'
• The Holocaust - Gay men
• The Holocaust - Jehovah's Witnesses
• The Holocaust - Disabled people
• The Holocaust - Others
• The Holocaust - Death toll
• The Holocaust - Searching for records of victims
• The Holocaust - Execution of the Holocaust
• The Holocaust - Concentration and Labor Camps 1933-1945
• The Holocaust - Pogroms 1938-1941
• The Holocaust - Euthanasia 1939-1941
• The Holocaust - Ghettos 1940-1945
• The Holocaust - Death Squads 1941-1943
• The Holocaust - Extermination camps 1942-1945
• The Holocaust - Death Marches and liberation 1944-1945
• The Holocaust - Resistance and Rescuers
• The Holocaust - Resistance
• The Holocaust - Rescuers
• The Holocaust - Historical interpretations
• The Holocaust - Who was directly involved in the killings?
• The Holocaust - Why did people participate in authorize or tacitly accept the killing?
• The Holocaust - Revisionists and deniers
• The Holocaust - Aftermath
• The Holocaust - Displaced Persons and the State of Israel
• The Holocaust - Legal proceedings against Nazis
• The Holocaust - Legal action against genocide
• The Holocaust - Impact on culture
• The Holocaust - Holocaust theology
• The Holocaust - Art and literature
• The Holocaust - Holocaust Memorial Day
• The Holocaust - Notes
• The Holocaust - Resources

Read more here: » The Holocaust: Encyclopedia - The Holocaust

Witold Pilecki (May 13, 1901 – May 25, 1948; pronounced ['vitɔld pi'leʦki]; codenames Roman Jezierski, Tomasz Serafiński, Druh, Witold) was a soldier of the Second Polish Republic, founder of the resistance movement Secret Polish Army (Tajna Armia Polska) and member of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa). During World War II he was the only known person to volunteer to be imprisoned at Auschwitz Concentration Camp. While there, he organized inmate resistance, and as early as 1940 informed the Western Allies of Nazi ...

Including:

• Witold Pilecki - Biography
• Witold Pilecki - Pilecki's early life
• Witold Pilecki - World War II breaks out
• Witold Pilecki - The Auschwitz campaign: 945 days
• Witold Pilecki - Back outside Auschwitz: the Warsaw Uprising.
• Witold Pilecki - Liberation: Soviet-dominated Poland
• Witold Pilecki - Summary of Pilecki's Polish Army career

Read more here: » Witold Pilecki: Encyclopedia - Witold Pilecki

Anti-Polonism (alternatively spelled antipolonism; also, Polonophobia) is a term used to collectively describe a broad spectrum of hostile sentiments toward Poles. While the term is used in Polish (antypolonizm), its use in English has been limited. The term was used frequently in 19th century Poland to describe the anti-Polish policies of German-Prussian statesman Otto von Bismarck[citation needed]. The English derivation does not appear in major English dictionaries, and according to Lex ...

Including:

• Anti-Polonism - Description
• Anti-Polonism - Historical anti-Polonism Polakożerstwo
• Anti-Polonism - Persecution of ethnic Poles to 1918
• Anti-Polonism - Persecution of ethnic Poles 1918-1939
• Anti-Polonism - Second World War 1939-1945
• Anti-Polonism - Misuse of the term
• Anti-Polonism - Related quotes
• Anti-Polonism - Bibliography

Read more here: » Anti-Polonism: Encyclopedia - Anti-Polonism

AK may mean: Alaska (U.S. postal abbreviation) Applied kinesiology the US Navy hull classification symbol for Cargo Ship Armia Krajowa (Home Army), underground resistance in Nazi-occupied Poland during World War 2 AK-47 (Avtomat Kalashnikova model 1947 g.), Russian rifle the IATA code for Air Asia based in Malaysia Ace-King (in Poker) Patient AK, notable for electric stimulation to the brain eliciting laughter A.K. (1985), a film directe ...

Read more here: » AK: Encyclopedia - AK

The Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa (ŻOB, Polish for the Jewish Fighting Organization; called in Yiddish יידישע קאמף ארגאניזאציע) - a World War II resistance movement, which was supposedly instrumental in engineering the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (ŻZW fighters from second Jewish resistance organisation claim otherwise). The organization took part in other resistance activities, including the Warsaw Uprising. � ...

Including:

• Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa - Offshoot of Jewish Youth Groups
• Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa - Formation of the ŻOB
• Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa - ŻOB Resistance to the Second Deportation
• Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa - Final Deportation and Uprising
• Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa - Epilogue

Read more here: » Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa: Encyclopedia - Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa

On January 18, 1943, the first instance of armed resistance occurred when the Germans started the second expulsion of the Jews. The Jewish fighters achieved noteworthy success. The expulsion stopped after four days and the ŻOB and ŻZW resistance organizations took control of the Ghetto, building dozens of fighting posts and operating against Jewish collaborators. As the frustrated Germans diverted additional resources to end the standoff, during the next three months all inhabitants of the Ghetto prepared for what they realized woul ...

See also:

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Background, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - The fight, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Aftermath and Death Toll, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Relation to 1944 Warsaw Uprising, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - In Israel, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Further information

Read more here: » Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: Encyclopedia II - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - The fight

The area of Suwałki has been populated by local Yotvingian and Prussians tribes since the early Middle Ages. However, with the arrival of the Teutonic Order to Sudovia, their lands were conquered and remained largely depopulated in the following centuries. The village of Suwałki was founded by Camedulian monks, who in 1667 were granted the area surrounding the future city by King Jan Kazimierz of Poland. Soon afterwards the monastic order built its headquarters in Wigry, where a monastery and a church were built. The new owners of the area ...

See also:

Suwałki, Suwałki - History, Suwałki - Tourist attractions, Suwałki - Education, Suwałki - People, Suwałki - External link

Read more here: » Suwałki: Encyclopedia II - Suwałki - History

A number of Buddhist monks, including Thích Quảng Đức, self-immolated in protest of the discriminatory treatment endured by Buddhists under the regime of Ngo Dinh Diem in South Vietnam — even though violence against the self is discouraged by most interpretations of Buddhist doctrine. Four Americans immolated themselves in 1965, in protest of the Vietnam War; the first was Alice Herz, an 82 year old German immigrant who performed the act in downtown Detroit on March 16, 1965, prior to the University of Michigan Teach-in. The s ...

See also:

Self-immolation, Self-immolation - History

Read more here: » Self-immolation: Encyclopedia II - Self-immolation - History

The following groups may differ widely in numbers and in activity: Resistance movement - Post-World War II. Resistance movement - World War II. See also Resistance during World War II Communist resistance, in several countries Albanian resistance movement Belgian resistance movement Czech Resistance movement Danish resistance movement Dutch resistance movement Valkenburg resistance ...

See also:

Resistance movement, Resistance movement - Background, Resistance movement - Resistance movements, Resistance movement - Post-World War II, Resistance movement - World War II, Resistance movement - Pre-World War II, Resistance movement - Pre-20th Century, Resistance movement - Notable individuals in resistance movements, Resistance movement - World War II anti-Nazi anti-Fascist, Resistance movement - Other Resistance Movements

Read more here: » Resistance movement: Encyclopedia II - Resistance movement - Resistance movements

The area of Kielce has been inhabitated at least since 5th century BC. Until 6th or 7th century the banks of the Silnica were inhabitated by Kelts who most probably were the name-sake for the location. They were driven out by a Slavic tribe of Vistulans who started hunting in the nearby huge forests and had settled most of the area now known as Malopolska and present-day Świętokrzyskie Voivodship. The lands of Wiślanie were at first subdued by Bohemia, however they soon came under the power of the Piast dynasty and became a part of Poland ...

See also:

Kielce, Kielce - History, Kielce - Tourists attractions, Kielce - Education, Kielce - Sports, Kielce - Politics, Kielce - Kielce constituency, Kielce - Famous people from Kielce

Read more here: » Kielce: Encyclopedia II - Kielce - History

Witold Pilecki - Pilecki's early life. Witold Pilecki was born May 13, 1901, in Olonets on the shores of Lake Ladoga in Karelia, Russia, where his family had been forcibly resettled by Tsarist Russian authorities after the suppression of Poland's January Uprising of 1863-1864. His grandfather, Józef Pilecki, had spent seven years in exile in Siberia for his part in the Uprising. In 1910 Pilecki moved with his family to Wilno (now Vilnius, Lithuania), where he completed Commercial School and joined the secret ZHP scouts organization. In 1916 he moved to Orel, ...

See also:

Witold Pilecki, Witold Pilecki - Biography, Witold Pilecki - Pilecki's early life, Witold Pilecki - World War II breaks out, Witold Pilecki - The Auschwitz campaign: 945 days, Witold Pilecki - Back outside Auschwitz: the Warsaw Uprising., Witold Pilecki - Liberation: Soviet-dominated Poland, Witold Pilecki - Summary of Pilecki's Polish Army career

Read more here: » Witold Pilecki: Encyclopedia II - Witold Pilecki - Biography

As with any historical event, scholars continue to argue over what exactly happened and why. The Holocaust - Who was directly involved in the killings?. In addition to the direct involvement of Nazi forces, most European countries allied with or occupied by the Axis Powers collaborated with the Nazis in the Holocaust. Collaboration took the form of either rounding up of the local Jews for deportation to the German ex ...

See also:

The Holocaust, The Holocaust - Etymology and usage of the term, The Holocaust - Features of the Nazi Holocaust, The Holocaust - Premeditation, The Holocaust - Efficiency, The Holocaust - Scale, The Holocaust - Cruelty, The Holocaust - Victims, The Holocaust - Jews, The Holocaust - Slavs, The Holocaust - Roma Sinti and Manush 'Gypsies', The Holocaust - Gay men, The Holocaust - Jehovah's Witnesses, The Holocaust - Disabled people, The Holocaust - Others, The Holocaust - Death toll, The Holocaust - Searching for records of victims, The Holocaust - Execution of the Holocaust, The Holocaust - Concentration and Labor Camps 1933-1945, The Holocaust - Pogroms 1938-1941, The Holocaust - Euthanasia 1939-1941, The Holocaust - Ghettos 1940-1945, The Holocaust - Death Squads 1941-1943, The Holocaust - Extermination camps 1942-1945, The Holocaust - Death Marches and liberation 1944-1945, The Holocaust - Resistance and Rescuers, The Holocaust - Resistance, The Holocaust - Rescuers, The Holocaust - Historical interpretations, The Holocaust - Who was directly involved in the killings?, The Holocaust - Why did people participate in authorize or tacitly accept the killing?, The Holocaust - Revisionists and deniers, The Holocaust - Aftermath, The Holocaust - Displaced Persons and the State of Israel, The Holocaust - Legal proceedings against Nazis, The Holocaust - Legal action against genocide, The Holocaust - Impact on culture, The Holocaust - Holocaust theology, The Holocaust - Art and literature, The Holocaust - Holocaust Memorial Day, The Holocaust - Notes, The Holocaust - Resources

Read more here: » The Holocaust: Encyclopedia II - The Holocaust - Historical interpretations