Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia - Aristotle
Aristotle (Greek: Αριστοτέλης Aristotelēs 384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, student of Plato and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Ethics
Although Aristotle wrote several works on ethics, the major one was the Nicomachean Ethics, which is considered one of Aristotle's greate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Critics
Aristotle has been criticised on several grounds. His analysis of procreation is frequently criticised on the grounds that it presuppose...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dunamis: Encyclopedia Ii - Dunamis - Aristotle
Aristotle contrasted the Dunamis with energeia. ... See also:Dunamis, Dunamis - Aristotle, Dunamis - Oracle of Dunamis   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Constitution Of The Athenians: Encyclopedia Ii - Constitution Of The Athenians - Aristotle
The Aristotelian text is unique, because it is not a part of the Corpus Aristotelicum. It was lost until it was discovered in Egypt in 18...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Intellectual Virtues: Encyclopedia Ii - Intellectual Virtues - Aristotle
Aristotle analyzed virtues into moral and intellectual virtues (dianoetic virtues, the Greek aretai dianoetikai). In the Posterior Analyt...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Biography
Aristotle - Early life and studies at the Academy. Aristotle was born at Stageira, a colony of Andros on the Macedonian peninsula of Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Biography
Aristotle - Early life and studies at the Academy. Aristotle was born at Stageira, a colony of Andros on the Macedonian peninsula of Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Biography
Aristotle - Early life and studies at the Academy. Aristotle was born at Stageira, a colony of Andros on the Macedonian peninsula of Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle's Theory Of Universals: Encyclopedia - Aristotle's Theory Of Universals
Aristotle's theory of universals is one of the classic solutions to the problem of universals. Aristotle thought—to put it in a not-ver...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics
Aristotle believed that ethical knowledge is not certain knowledge (like metaphysics and epistemology) but is general knowledge. Also, as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Virtue Ethics: Encyclopedia - Virtue Ethics
In philosophy, the phrase virtue ethics refers to ethical systems that focus primarily on what sort of person one should try to be. Thus,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki: Encyclopedia - Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki
The Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, named after the philosopher Aristotle, is the largest university of Greece. Its campus is locat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dunamis: Encyclopedia - Dunamis
Dunamis is a Greek word sometimes seen in English texts because of its importance in philosophy. Dunamis - Aristotle. Aristotle contras...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Categories Aristotle: Encyclopedia - Categories Aristotle
Categories (or "Categoriae") is a text from Aristotle's Organon that is meant to be an enumeration of all the possible kinds of thing whi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Constitution Of The Athenians: Encyclopedia - Constitution Of The Athenians
The Constitution of the Athenians or of Athens (or "Athenaion Politeia", or "The Athenians") is the name of either of two texts from Clas...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Being: Encyclopedia - Being
A being, in the most general sense, is anything that is alive. Being with a capital 'B', on the other hand, is often used in philosophy t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Category Of Being: Encyclopedia - Category Of Being
In metaphysics (in particular, ontology), the different kinds or ways of being are called categories of being or simply categories. Accor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Atlantis: Encyclopedia - Atlantis
The "Lost city" of Atlantis was an ancient mythical island, whose existence and location have never been confirmed. The first references ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Zeno's Paradoxes: Encyclopedia - Zeno's Paradoxes
Zeno's paradoxes are a set of paradoxes devised by Zeno of Elea to support Parmenides' doctrine that "all is one" and that contrary to th...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Aristotle: Hindu - Hinduism Dictionary On Aristotle
Aristotle: Greek philosopher (384322 bce) who left a profound legacy of writings on metaphysics, ethics, logic and law. A disciple of Pl...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Aristotle: Spiritual - Theosophy Dictionary On Aristotle
Aristotle (384-322 BC) One of the two most influential Greek philosophers, he studied under Plato, tutored Alexander the Great (c. 342...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Aristotle: Hindu - Hinduism Dictionary On Aristotle
Aristotle: Greek philosopher (384322 bce) who left a profound legacy of writings on metaphysics, ethics, logic and law. A disciple of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotelian Ethics - Three Ethical Treatises
Three treatises of Aristotle's ethics survive today: Nicomachean Ethics, the most popular Eudemian Ethics Magna Moralia Each is believe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metaphysics Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Metaphysics Aristotle - Title Date And Predecessors
The title of the work is Τῶν μετὰ τὰ φύσικα (literally, "of the things after physics"). This is generally supposed to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metaphysics Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Metaphysics Aristotle - Style
Many scholars believe that Aristotle's works as we have them today are little more than lecture notes. Many of his works are extremely co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metaphysics Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Metaphysics Aristotle - Summary
Book Alpha: Outlines "first philosophy", a knowledge of the first principles or causes of things. Historical survey of previous philosoph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Virtue Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Virtue Ethics - Virtue Ethics Contrasted With Deontology And Consequentialism
The methods of virtue ethics are in contrast to the dominant methods in ethical philosophy, which focus on actions. For example, both Kan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotelian Ethics - Influences Of Earlier Greek Ethical Systems
Aristotle's ethics builds upon earlier Greek ethics, particularly that of Aristotle's teacher Plato and his teacher, Socrates. One import...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Being - Being In Historical Philosophy
Being - Being and substance in Aristotle. Among the first inquiries into what "being" encompassed was that undertaken by Aristotle. The...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotelian Ethics - Influence On Later Thinkers
Aristotle was taught in Athens until 529 AD when the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I closed down non-Christian schools of philosophy. Arist...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle Onassis: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle Onassis - Life
Onassis was born in Smyrna, Ottoman Empire (now Izmir, Turkey) to a middle-class Greek family. At the time of his birth, Smyrna had a ver...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Aristotle's Lantern: Oceanography Dictionary - Aristotle's Lantern
  Definition and meaning of Aristotle's lantern:   Aristotle's lantern - a highly developed chewing apparatus used for fe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Being - Being And Substance In Aristotle
Among the first inquiries into what "being" encompassed was that undertaken by Aristotle. The term "substance" in Aristotle was a precise...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Philosophy - Plato And Aristotle
Aristotle, known as Aristoteles in most languages other than English (Aristotele in Italian), (384 BC - March 7, 322 BC) has, along with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Zeno's Paradoxes: Encyclopedia Ii - Zeno's Paradoxes - Two Other Paradoxes As Given By Aristotle
Paradox of Place: "… if everything that exists has a place, place too will have a place, and so on ad infinitum". (Aristotle Physics I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotelian Ethics - Criticisms
Aristotle, more than Socrates or Plato, defends the existing mores of his time. Although he argues for many values which many of today's ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Anatomy In Ancient Times: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Anatomy In Ancient Times - Hippocrates
With not much greater justice has the cultivation of anatomical knowledge been ascribed to Hippocrates, who, because he is universally al...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Anatomy In Ancient Times: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Anatomy In Ancient Times - Polybus
Among those who aimed at this distinction, the most fortunate in the preservation of his name is Polybus, the son-in-law of the physician...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Philosophy - Later Classical Philosophers
Cicero Zeno of Citium Epictetus Epicurus and Lucretius Sextus Empiricus ... See also:Greek philosophy, Greek philosophy - Pre-Socratic ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Philosophy - The Neo-platonists
Ammonius Saccas, Plotinus, Porphyry, Proclus, Iamblichus) Marcus Aurelius ... See also:Greek philosophy, Greek philosophy - Pre-Socrati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Citation: Encyclopedia Ii - Citation - Citation Styles
Some works are so long established as to have their own citation methods: Stephanus pagination for Plato; Bekker numbers for Aristotle; l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ecphrasis: Encyclopedia Ii - Ecphrasis - What Are The Arts Represented By Ecphrasis?
In this way, a painting may re-present a sculpture, and vice versa; a poem portray a picture; a sculpture depict a heroine of a novel; in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Being - Being In Islamic Philosophy
The nature of being has also been debated and explored in Islamic philosophy, notably by Ibn Sina, Suhrawardi, and Mulla Sadra.[1] ......   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - Singular Terms
The distinction between singular and universal is fundamental to Aristotle's metaphysics, and not merely grammatical. A singular term for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Category Of Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Category Of Being - Categories Of Being
Philosophers have many differing views on what the fundamental categories of being are. In no particular order, here are at least some it...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Philosophy - Pre-socratic Philosophers
The history of philosophy in the West begins with the Greeks, and particularly with a group of philosophers commonly called the pre-Socra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Philosophy - Schools Of Thought In The Hellenistic Period
In the Hellenistic period, the following schools developed: Cynicism Hedonism Eclecticism Neo-Platonism Skepticism Stoicism Epicureanism...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ecphrasis: Encyclopedia Ii - Ecphrasis - From Form To Ecphrasis
It was this epitome, this template of the ideal form, that a craftsman or later an artist would try to reconstruct in his attempt to achi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - The Proposition
In term logic, a "proposition" is simply a form of language: a particular kind of sentence, in which the subject and predicate are combin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Being - Being In Continental Philosophy And Existentialism
Some philosophers deny that the concept of "being" has any meaning at all, since we only define an object's existence by its relation to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ethics In The Bible: Encyclopedia Ii - Ethics In The Bible - Selected Ethical Theories Contrasted With The Bible
Ethics in the Bible - Aristotle / Virtue ethics. Aristotle in his ethical works focuses on virtues--i.e. laudible characteristics which...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - The Syllogism
There can only be three terms in the syllogism, since the two terms in the conclusion are already in the premises, and one term is common...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Atlantis: Encyclopedia Ii - Atlantis - Origin
Atlantis - Plato. Plato's accounts of Atlantis are in his works Timaeus and Critias; these are the earliest known references to the myt...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - The Term
A term (Greek horos) is the basic component of the proposition. The original meaning of the horos and also the Latin terminus is "extreme...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - The Term
A term (Greek horos) is the basic component of the proposition. The original meaning of the horos and also the Latin terminus is "extreme...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Category Of Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Category Of Being - Categories Of Being
Philosophers have many differing views on what the fundamental categories of being are. In no particular order, here are at least some it...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causation In The History Of Philosophy
Causality - Aristotle. Aristotle suggested four types of cause for a thing that exists: Material, Efficient, Final and Formal. Take for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Category Of Being: Encyclopedia Ii - Category Of Being - Other Systems Of Categories
In his Critique of Pure Reason, Kant proposed the following system: Quantity Unity Plurality Totality Quality Reality Negation Limit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Golden Mean Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Golden Mean Philosophy - History Of The Golden Mean In Philosophy
Golden mean philosophy - Crete. The earliest representation of this idea in culture is probably in the mythological Cretan tale of Daed...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - The Syllogism
There can only be three terms in the syllogism, since the two terms in the conclusion are already in the premises, and one term is common...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Atlantis: Encyclopedia Ii - Atlantis - Location Hypotheses
Atlantis - The Mediterranean. Since Donnelly's day, there have been dozens—perhaps hundreds—of locations proposed for Atlantis. Som...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Atlantis: Encyclopedia Ii - Atlantis - Modern Interest
Atlantis - Nineteenth century. With rare exceptions, such as Francis Bacon's book The New Atlantis, interest in Atlantis mostly languis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Moral Objectivism: Encyclopedia Ii - Moral Objectivism - Sources Of Objective Morality
Systems of objective morality are seen as proceeding from many sources, including: The Divine, in the case of Religion. Reason and the n...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Term Logic: Encyclopedia Ii - Term Logic - The Basics
The fundamental assumption behind the theory is that propositions are composed of two terms - whence the name "two-term theory" or "term ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ship Of Theseus: Encyclopedia Ii - Ship Of Theseus - Automobiles
A similar situation exists with automobile Vehicle Identification Numbers. Each automobile is identified with a unique number inscribed i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Zeno's Paradoxes: Encyclopedia Ii - Zeno's Paradoxes - The Paradoxes Of Motion
Zeno's paradoxes - Achilles and the tortoise. "You can never catch up." "In a race, the quickest runner can never overtake the slowest...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Soul: Encyclopedia Ii - Soul - Philosophical Views
The Ancient Greeks used the same word for 'alive' as for 'ensouled'. So the earliest surviving Western philosophical view might suggest t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Moral Objectivism: Encyclopedia Ii - Moral Objectivism - The Origin Of Immorality
Unlike moral relativism, proponents of moral objectivism face a unique challenge: explaining why people act immorally. To the moral relat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ship Of Theseus: Encyclopedia Ii - Ship Of Theseus - A Modern Embellishment
If Theseus paid a nontransferable fee, allowed to be used for only one ship, for the privilege of docking in a particular harbor, would h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ethics In The Bible: Encyclopedia Ii - Ethics In The Bible - Ethical Issues
Ethics in the Bible - The Divine command theory of ethics. One familiar answer to the question of "Why is x morally right" (or wrong) i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Soul: Encyclopedia Ii - Soul - Etymologies
The current English word "soul" may have originated from Old English sawol, documented in 970 AD, which has possible etymological links w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Soul: Encyclopedia Ii - Soul - Religious Views
Soul - Bahá'í beliefs. The Bahá'í Faith affirm that "the soul is a sign of God, a heavenly gem whose reality the most learned of me...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ship Of Theseus: Encyclopedia Ii - Ship Of Theseus - Only Fools And Horses Bbc Tv
In one episode of Only Fools and Horses, the road sweeper proudly displays a medal to anyone who will look, which he was awarded by the l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Moral Objectivism: Encyclopedia Ii - Moral Objectivism - Moral Objectivism And Free Will
Semi-religious arguments for moral objectivism have to do with the relationship between free will, choice, and morals. Some have argued t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Moral Objectivism: Encyclopedia Ii - Moral Objectivism - Criticism Of Moral Objectivism
A primary criticism of moral objectivism regards how we come to know what the 'objective' morals actually are. The authorities that are q...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ethics In The Bible: Encyclopedia Ii - Ethics In The Bible - Ethics In The Bible
Ethics in the Bible - Ethics in the Old Testament / Hebrew Bible. The books of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) cover a period of many ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Soul: Encyclopedia Ii - Soul - Science And The Soul
Western science and medicine do recognize the concept of soul or the idea of a soul entity, though many practitioners regard it as an ele...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causality In Science And The Humanities
Using the Scientific method, scientists set up experiments to determine causality in the physical world. Certain elemental forces such as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Soul: Encyclopedia Ii - Soul - Etymologies
The current English word "soul" may have originated from Old English sawol, documented in 970 AD, which has possible etymological links w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Zeno's Paradoxes: Encyclopedia Ii - Zeno's Paradoxes - Status Of The Paradoxes Today
Mathematicians thought they had done away with Zeno's paradoxes with the invention of the calculus and methods of handling infinite seque...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Art: Encyclopedia Ii - Art - Differences In Defining Art
Definitions of art and aesthetic arguments usually proceed from one of several possible perspectives. Art may be defined by the intention...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Art: Encyclopedia Ii - Art - Differences In Defining Art
Definitions of art and aesthetic arguments usually proceed from one of several possible perspectives. Art may be defined by the intention...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Metaphysics
Aristotle - Aristotle's four causes. Aristotle names four "causes" of things, but the word cause (Greek: αἰτἱα, aitia) is not us...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Epistemology
Aristotle - Logic. Main article: Aristotelian logic For more details on this topic, see Non-Aristotelian logic. Aristotle "says th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Ethics
Although Aristotle wrote several works on ethics, the major one was the Nicomachean Ethics, which is considered one of Aristotle's greate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Critics
Aristotle has been criticised on several grounds. His analysis of procreation is frequently criticised on the grounds that it presuppose...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Ethics
Although Aristotle wrote several works on ethics, the major one was the Nicomachean Ethics, which is considered one of Aristotle's greate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Critics
Aristotle has been criticised on several grounds. His analysis of procreation is frequently criticised on the grounds that it presuppose...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Metaphysics
Aristotle - Aristotle's four causes. Aristotle names four "causes" of things, but the word cause (Greek: αἰτἱα, aitia) is not us...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Epistemology
Aristotle - Logic. Main article: Aristotelian logic For more details on this topic, see Non-Aristotelian logic. Aristotle "says th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Metaphysics
Aristotle - Aristotle's four causes. Aristotle names four "causes" of things, but the word cause (Greek: αἰτἱα, aitia) is not us...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Epistemology
Aristotle - Logic. Main article: Aristotelian logic For more details on this topic, see Non-Aristotelian logic. Aristotle "says th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Bibliography
Note: Bekker numbers are often used to uniquely identify passages of Aristotle. They are identified below where available. Aristotle - M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Methodology
Aristotle defines philosophy in terms of essence, saying that philosophy is "the science of the universal essence of that which is actual...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Bibliography
Note: Bekker numbers are often used to uniquely identify passages of Aristotle. They are identified below where available. Aristotle - M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Bibliography
Note: Bekker numbers are often used to uniquely identify passages of Aristotle. They are identified below where available. Aristotle - M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Methodology
Aristotle defines philosophy in terms of essence, saying that philosophy is "the science of the universal essence of that which is actual...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Methodology
Aristotle defines philosophy in terms of essence, saying that philosophy is "the science of the universal essence of that which is actual...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - The Loss Of His Works
Though we know that Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises (Cicero described his literary style as "a river of gold"), the originals have...   » Read the article