Ariovistus

Boudica (also written Boudicca, Boadicea, Buduica, Bonduca) (d. 60/61) was a queen of the Iceni who led a major uprising of the tribes of south-east Britain against the occupying Roman forces. After her husband, the Icenian king Prasutagus, died, the Romans had annexed his kingdom and brutally humiliated Boudica and her daughters. She destroyed the cities of Colchester, London and St Albans, causing the emperor Nero to consider withdrawing from the island; but the governor Gaius Suetonius Paulinus defeated ...

Including:

• Boudica - History
• Boudica - Historical sources
• Boudica - Boudica or Boadicea?
• Boudica - Cultural impact
• Boudica - History and literature
• Boudica - Modern fiction
• Boudica - Films and television
• Boudica - Music
• Boudica - Other cultural references

Read more here: » Boudica: Encyclopedia - Boudica

58 BC - Events. Roman Republic Consuls: Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus and Aulus Gabinius Publius Clodius Pulcher, Roman tribune, institutes a monthly corn dole for poor Romans, and exiles Cicero from the city Cyprus becomes a Roman province First year of Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars: June - Caesar defeats the migrating Helvetii in the Battle of the Arar. July - Caesar decisively defeats the Helvetii in the Battle of Bibracte. September - Caes ...

Including:

• 58 BC - Events
• 58 BC - Births
• 58 BC - Deaths

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Aedui, Haedui or Hedui (Gr. Aidouoi), are Gallic people of Gallia Lugdunensis, who inhabited the country between the Arar (Saone) and Liger (Loire), in today's France. The statement in Strabo (ii. 3. 192) that they dwelt between the Arar and Dubis (Doubs) is incorrect. Their territory thus included the greater part of the modern departments of Saône-et-Loire, Côte-d'Or and Nièvre. According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of ...

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The Battle of Watling Street took place in AD 61 between an alliance of Briton tribes and the Romans. Though outnumbered by more than 5 to 1, the Romans held their ground against the Briton hordes and gained victory. The revolt had shaken Rome's hold on its new province, but victory secured Roman rule in Britain. Battle of Watling Street - Background. In AD 43, Rome invaded south-eastern Britain. The conquest was gradual. While some kingdoms were defeated militarily and occupied, others were for the ...

Including:

• Battle of Watling Street - Background
• Battle of Watling Street - Battle
• Battle of Watling Street - Aftermath

Read more here: » Battle of Watling Street: Encyclopedia - Battle of Watling Street

The wars began in 58 BC with the large-scale migration of the Helvetii west from what is now Switzerland, which threatened to pass through the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul. Caesar attacked, driving the Helvetii back to their lands (see Helvetian War). Later that year, the Gallic Aedui tribe asked for Roman assistance against their rivals, the Sequani, who had launched an invasion led by the German war leader Ariovistus. Caesar intervened in the conflict and soundly defeated Ariovist ...

See also:

Gallic Wars, Gallic Wars - Interventions, Gallic Wars - Punitive expeditions, Gallic Wars - Consolidation and rebellions, Gallic Wars - Factors for Roman success, Gallic Wars - The Gallic Wars in literature and culture

Read more here: » Gallic Wars: Encyclopedia II - Gallic Wars - Interventions

Boudica - Boudica or Boadicea?. Until relatively recently Boudica was better known as Boadicea, a name which probably derives from a mistranscription when a manuscript of Tacitus was copied in the Middle Ages. Her name takes many forms in various manuscripts, but was almost certainly originally Boudicca or Boudica, derived from the Celtic word *bouda, victory (cf. Irish bua, Buaidheach, Welsh buddug). The name is attested in inscriptions as "Boudica" in Lusitania, "Boudiga" in Bordeaux and "Bodicca" in Britain.^{See also:}

Boudica, Boudica - Background, Boudica - Boudica or Boadicea?, Boudica - Prasutagus' inheritance, Boudica - Boudica's uprising, Boudica - Romans rally, Boudica - Location of her defeat, Boudica - Historical sources, Boudica - Cultural impact, Boudica - History and literature, Boudica - Modern fiction, Boudica - Films and television, Boudica - Music, Boudica - Other cultural references

Read more here: » Boudica: Encyclopedia II - Boudica - Background

2000 years ago the Baltic Sea was known to the Romans as the Mare Suebicum. Partially because of his unfamiliarity with the various Germanic peoples interacting with Rome at the time, the historian Tacitus referred to all Elbe-Germanics as Suebi. More recent scholarship has shown that view to be an oversimplification. The Suebi eventually migrated south and west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. The Suebi under Ariovistus were invited into Gallia by the Aedui but soon came to dominate them and were fina ...

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Suebi, Suebi - Early history, Suebi - Sueve kingdom of Gallaecia, Suebi - Suebi Kings of Gallaecia

Read more here: » Suebi: Encyclopedia II - Suebi - Early history

The defense of both its own territory and its citizens overseas in later eras was driven by several military rivalries that often re-asserted themselves after other military objectives had been accomplished. These rivalries and objectives can often give a better understanding of French military history than a mere chronological listing. Military history of France - France's imperial objectives. Starting in the early 16th century, much of France's military efforts were put behind ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

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Paulinus chose his battleground carefully. Traveling north along Watling Street with Boudica and her army close behind, Paulinus chose an open field along the road surrounded by forest on three sides. The forest provided protection for the Roman flanks and rear against attack. The field also narrowed at the end Paullinus had deployed his troops, which meant Boudica could not outflank the Romans, thus removing her advantage of numbers. He placed his legionaries in close order, with lightly-armed ...

See also:

Battle of Watling Street, Battle of Watling Street - Background, Battle of Watling Street - Battle, Battle of Watling Street - Aftermath

Read more here: » Battle of Watling Street: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Watling Street - Battle

2000 years ago the Baltic Sea was known to the Romans as the Mare Suebicum. Partially because of his unfamiliarity with the various Germanic peoples interacting with Rome at the time, the historian Tacitus referred to all eastern Germanic people as Suebi. More recent scholarship has shown that view to be an oversimplification. The Suebi eventually migrated south and west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. The Suebi under Ariovistus were invited into Gallia by the Aedui but soon came to dominate them and were fina ...

See also:

Suebi, Suebi - Early history, Suebi - Suebic kingdom of Gallaecia, Suebi - Suebi Kings of Gallaecia

Read more here: » Suebi: Encyclopedia II - Suebi - Early history

In the 1st century BC, the Sequani tribe (the most "gaulish of Gauls" according to historian Henri Martin), which was centered around Besançon, settled in Sundgau. From 70 BC, they waged perpetual warfare with their neighbours, the Aedui, calling upon German mercenaires, led by Ariovistus. When the conflict finished, the Germans settled into the region, and the Sequani, to remove them appealed to the Romans. Julius Caesar defeated Ariovistus in 58 BC near Cernay, and a long domination by the Romans commenced. This ended suddenly in 405, whe ...

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Sundgau, Sundgau - Prehistory, Sundgau - History, Sundgau - Organisation, Sundgau - Population, Sundgau - Economy, Sundgau - Transport, Sundgau - Road Network, Sundgau - Railway Network, Sundgau - Canal Network, Sundgau - Tourism, Sundgau - Heritage, Sundgau - Notable Sundgauviens

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Boudica's husband, Prasutagus, was king of the Iceni, who inhabited roughly what is now Norfolk. The Iceni were not at this stage part of the territory under direct Roman control, having voluntarily allied themselves to Rome following Claudius's conquest of 43. They were jealous of their independence, and had revolted once before in 47 when the then governor, Publius Ostorius Scapula, threatened to disarm them.[3] It is possible that Prasutagus was instal ...

See also:

Boudica, Boudica - History, Boudica - Historical sources, Boudica - Boudica or Boadicea?, Boudica - Cultural impact, Boudica - History and literature, Boudica - Modern fiction, Boudica - Films and television, Boudica - Music, Boudica - Other cultural references

Read more here: » Boudica: Encyclopedia II - Boudica - History

Military history of France - Roman and Ancient. Military history of France - Middle Ages. Medieval fortified towns include: Aigues-Mortes Avignon Carcassonne Military history of France - Early Modern. Between 1667 and 1707, the military engineer Vauban upgraded the fortifications of around 300 cities, built 37 new fortresses, and fortified military harbors. Military history of France - Tw ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - List of fortifications in France

French historical military terms have been greatly influential and been adopted or become 'loan-words' to other languages common military language. French naval terms adopted by the English language: trophy and pilot (as in the English steersman). French general military terms adopted by the English language: aide-de-camp, bivouac, brigade, cartouche, cartridge, Colonel, corps, détente,enfilade, env ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

After the exile of Napoleon, France was the beneficiary of a long period of European peace. This allowed it to focus on the expansion of its overseas empire, particularly in Africa and Asia. These areas of the world had been generally resisted European colonialism until the start of the 19th century, but advances in weapons technology allowed small numbers of European troops to overcome much larger bodies of native warriors. However, after the start of the Franco-Prussian War, essentially a dispute over areas of France with large Germ ...

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Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

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Sundgau remains primarily an agricultural region with traditional activities. Important urban centres such as the tri-national conurbation of Basle, the urbanised area of Belfort-Montbéliard-Sochaux, the Mulhouse conurbation, are nearby and are attractive as providers of goods and services. Qualifications are lower and revenues higher as a result of border area employment and its economic and social impact. Nevertheless, Sundgau remains underequipped, notably for company startups. Although several enterprises have started during the last ten years, it is not suficiently attractive as an employment basin because of the counterattr ...

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Sundgau, Sundgau - Prehistory, Sundgau - History, Sundgau - Organisation, Sundgau - Population, Sundgau - Economy, Sundgau - Transport, Sundgau - Road Network, Sundgau - Railway Network, Sundgau - Canal Network, Sundgau - Tourism, Sundgau - Heritage, Sundgau - Notable Sundgauviens

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The population reached 61,841 inhabitants in 1999 (up from 57,112 in 1990), an increase of 8.3%. Thus it paralleled the demographic growth both of Haut-Rhin (which showed an increase of 5.3% in the same period), and, more broadly, that of Alsace itself, (which showed an increase of 6.8%). Altkirch is the most populous of Sundgauvien communes, with 5,386 inhabitants (1999). This is followed by Hirsingue (2,057 inhabitants), then Dannemarie (2,011 inhabitants). Notably, 70% of the population is spread out among 103 communes of less than ...

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Sundgau, Sundgau - Prehistory, Sundgau - History, Sundgau - Organisation, Sundgau - Population, Sundgau - Economy, Sundgau - Transport, Sundgau - Road Network, Sundgau - Railway Network, Sundgau - Canal Network, Sundgau - Tourism, Sundgau - Heritage, Sundgau - Notable Sundgauviens

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The Sueve kingdom in Gallaecia was established at 410 and lasted until 584 after a century of slow decline. Unlike the Ostrogoth kingdom of Italy or the Visigoth kingdom in Spain, it never reached major political relevance. Braulio of Zaragoza depicted it as the extremity of the west in an illiterate country where naught is heard but the sound of gales. Therefore very little remains from it and there are no traces left of their Germanic tongue as the Sue ...

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Suebi, Suebi - Early history, Suebi - Sueve kingdom of Gallaecia, Suebi - Suebi Kings of Gallaecia

Read more here: » Suebi: Encyclopedia II - Suebi - Sueve kingdom of Gallaecia

The Napoleonic period saw France's influence and power reach immense heights, but just as quickly it collapsed back to its old borders at an immense cost to the French people. This, of course, can all be attributed to Napoleon Bonaparte — brilliant and charismatic, but opportunistic. The opportunism that led to his early victories eventually allied almost every major power in Europe against him to ensure his downfall. At the height of Napoleon's power, France's influence dominated Europe as well as good portions of the Americas and ...

See also:

Military history of France, Military history of France - Themes in French history, Military history of France - France's imperial objectives, Military history of France - Post-colonial status, Military history of France - Gauls, Military history of France - Franks, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Ancien Régime, Military history of France - Revolutionary France, Military history of France - Napoleonic France, Military history of France - Modern Period, Military history of France - French Colonial Empire, Military history of France - List of fortifications in France, Military history of France - Roman and Ancient, Military history of France - Middle Ages, Military history of France - Early Modern, Military history of France - Twentieth Century, Military history of France - List of French military institutions, Military history of France - List of French military alliances, Military history of France - List of French military leaders, Military history of France - French military linguistic influence

Read more here: » Military history of France: Encyclopedia II - Military history of France - Napoleonic France

Sundgau - Road Network. Sundgau is ringed by major roads, such as the A36 motorway between Belfort and Mulhouse, and the A35 toll-road, between Mulhouse and Basle; nevertheless, the elected representatives agree that the road network is outdated. Other important roadways are the D419, crossing the region from East to West between Belfort and Basle and passing through Dannemarie and Altkirch, and the North-South D432, passing through Illfur ...

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Sundgau, Sundgau - Prehistory, Sundgau - History, Sundgau - Organisation, Sundgau - Population, Sundgau - Economy, Sundgau - Transport, Sundgau - Road Network, Sundgau - Railway Network, Sundgau - Canal Network, Sundgau - Tourism, Sundgau - Heritage, Sundgau - Notable Sundgauviens

Read more here: » Sundgau: Encyclopedia II - Sundgau - Transport