The Gründergruft is the oldest part of the Kaisergruft, dating from the original construction of the church (completed in 1632), and lies under the Emperor Chapel at the left of the nave of the church above. The room is low, plain, and windowless, and visible through baroque gates from Leopold’s Vault. Here stand the two plain sarcophagi of the founding couple. Looking through the gate, from left to right: 2 Emperor Matthias (1557 - 1619) →Family ...

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Imperial Crypt Vaults, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Founders' Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Leopold's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Children's Columbarium, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Main Hall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Karl's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Maria Theresa's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Franz's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Ferdinand's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Main Hall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the southwest pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the southeast pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the northwest pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the northeast pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Tuscan Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The New Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - West Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - South Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - North Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - East Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Franz Joseph's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Crypt Chapel, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Selected Other Habsburgs

Read more here: » Imperial Crypt Vaults: Encyclopedia II - Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Founders' Vault

In contrast with his deeply conservative father, Crown Prince Rudolf held distinctively liberal views that were closer to those of his mother. Nevertheless his relationship with her was strained and contained little warmth. On May 10, 1881, he married Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, a daughter of King Léopold II, in the Augustinian Church in Vienna with all the pomp and splendour of a state wedding. Rudolf appeared to be genuinely in love, but his mother regarded her new daughter-in-law as a "clumsy oaf." By the time their only child, the Archduchess Elizabeth, was born on September 2, 1883, the cou ...

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Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria - The Mayerling Suicide Pact, Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria - Suicide or murder?, Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria - Impact of the Crown Prince's death

Read more here: » Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria: Encyclopedia II - Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria - The Mayerling Suicide Pact

Flag of Austria Coat of Arms of Austria War Flag Merchant Flag Flag of Hungary Coat of Arms of Hungary Flag of the Habsburg Empire (Before the 1867 Compromise) Flag of Austria-Hungary after the 1867 Compromise ...

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Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867, Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure, Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations, Austria-Hungary - Economy, Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy, Austria-Hungary - World War I, Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Historiography, Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy, Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - Reference

Read more here: » Austria-Hungary: Encyclopedia II - Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary

Also see: Habsburg Monarchy History of Austria - Beginnings 1278-1526. Following the extinction of the Babenbergs in the 13th century, Austria came briefly under the rule of the Czech King Otakar II. Contesting the election of Rudolf I of Habsburg as Emperor, Otakar was defeated and killed by the German King, who took Austria and gave it to his sons in 1278. Austria was ruled by the Habsburgs for the next 640 years. In the 14th and 15th centuries, the Habsburgs began to accumulate other provinces in ...

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History of Austria, History of Austria - Early history, History of Austria - Early middle ages, History of Austria - Babenberg Austria, History of Austria - The Habsburg Monarchy 13th century–1918, History of Austria - Beginnings 1278-1526, History of Austria - The Reformation and Austria's Rise to Power 1526-1714, History of Austria - Charles VI and Maria Theresa 1711-1780, History of Austria - The Reigns of Joseph II and Leopold II 1780-1792, History of Austria - The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon 1792-1814, History of Austria - The Nineteenth Century 1815-1918, History of Austria - The First Republic 1918–1934, History of Austria - Austrofascism 1934–1938, History of Austria - Part of Nazi Germany 1938–1945, History of Austria - The Second Republic since 1945, History of Austria - Allied occupation, History of Austria - Independence and political development during the Second Republic, History of Austria - The 90s and the recent past, History of Austria - Reference

Read more here: » History of Austria: Encyclopedia II - History of Austria - The Habsburg Monarchy 13th century–1918

War Flag Merchant Flag Flag of Austria Coat of Arms of Austria Flag of Hungary Coat of Arms of Hungary Flag of the Habsburg Empire (Before the 1867 Compromise) Flag of Austria-Hungary ...

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Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867, Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure, Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations, Austria-Hungary - Economy, Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy, Austria-Hungary - World War I, Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Historiography, Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy, Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - Reference

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War Flag Merchant Flag Flag of Austria Coat of Arms of Austria Flag of Hungary Coat of Arms of Hungary Flag of the Habsburg Empire (Before the 1867 Compromise) ...

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Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867, Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure, Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations, Austria-Hungary - Economy, Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy, Austria-Hungary - World War I, Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Historiography, Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy, Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - Reference

Read more here: » Austria-Hungary: Encyclopedia II - Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary

The current countries whose entire territory were located inside Austria-Hungary by the time of the dissolution of the empire are: Austria Hungary Czech Republic Croatia Slovakia Bosnia and Hercegovina Slovenia The current countries whose part of their territory were located inside Austria-Hungary by the time of the dissolution of the empire are: Poland (voivodships of Silesia, Lesser ...

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Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867, Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure, Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations, Austria-Hungary - Economy, Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy, Austria-Hungary - World War I, Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Historiography, Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy, Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - Reference

Read more here: » Austria-Hungary: Encyclopedia II - Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy

The first part of the Karlsgruft was built in 1710 by Emperor Joseph I.35 In 1720 it was extended by Lukas von Hildebrandt on the orders of Emperor Karl VI40 and shelters 8 containers: Proceeding along the south wall, from left to right: 37 Emperor Leopold I (9 June 1640 - 5 May 1705) →Family Tree Second son of Emperor Ferdinand III27 and father of Emperors Joseph I35 and Karl VI.40 He r ...

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Imperial Crypt Vaults, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Founders' Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Leopold's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Children's Columbarium, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Main Hall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Karl's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Maria Theresa's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Franz's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Ferdinand's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Main Hall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the southwest pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the southeast pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the northwest pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Within the northeast pier:, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Tuscan Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The New Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - West Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - South Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - North Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - East Wall, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Franz Joseph's Vault, Imperial Crypt Vaults - The Crypt Chapel, Imperial Crypt Vaults - Selected Other Habsburgs

Read more here: » Imperial Crypt Vaults: Encyclopedia II - Imperial Crypt Vaults - Karl's Vault

Born in Obljaj, Bosansko Grahovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Gavrilo Princip's parents, Petar and Marija Nana née Mičić, had nine children, five sons and four daughters, six of whom died in infancy. His health was poor. From an early age, he suffered from tuberculosis, which was his eventual cause of death in 1918, and was also one of the reasons he let himself kill Archduke Ferdinand in the first place. Princip attended primary school in Grahovo where he excelled in his studies, especially in romantic and historic literature. A teach ...

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Gavrilo Princip, Gavrilo Princip - Early Life, Gavrilo Princip - Assassination, Gavrilo Princip - Background, Gavrilo Princip - Timeline, Gavrilo Princip - Capture and imprisonment, Gavrilo Princip - Other Information

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Historical views of Austria-Hungary have varied throughout the 20th century: Historians in the early part of the century tended to have emotional and/or personal involvement with the issues surrounding Austria-Hungary. Nationalist historians tended to view the Habsburg polity as despotic and obsolete. Other scholars, usually associated with the old government, became apologists for the traditional leadership and tried to explain their policies. Major writers from the early period who remain influenti ...

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Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867, Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure, Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations, Austria-Hungary - Economy, Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy, Austria-Hungary - World War I, Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Historiography, Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy, Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - Reference

Read more here: » Austria-Hungary: Encyclopedia II - Austria-Hungary - Historiography

Main article: History of Sarajevo The area of present day Sarajevo has a long and rich history dating back to the Stone age, when the Butmir Culture flourished in the area. However, little material evidence of this is available, mostly due to later construction. Several Illyrian settlements existed in the area before it was conquered by Rome in 9 CE. During Roman times, a town named Aquae Sulphurae existed on the location of present day Ilidža, a Sarajevo ...

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Sarajevo, Sarajevo - Geography and climate, Sarajevo - Geography, Sarajevo - Climate, Sarajevo - History, Sarajevo - Government, Sarajevo - Executive branch, Sarajevo - Legislative branch, Sarajevo - Judicial branch, Sarajevo - Demographics, Sarajevo - Economy, Sarajevo - Communications and media, Sarajevo - Divisions of Sarajevo, Sarajevo - People, Sarajevo - Tourism, Sarajevo - Transportation, Sarajevo - Culture, Sarajevo - Sports, Sarajevo - Education

Read more here: » Sarajevo: Encyclopedia II - Sarajevo - History

Education has a long tradition in Sarajevo. The first university in Sarajevo was a school of Sufi philosophy established by Gazi Husrev-beg in 1531. Over the years, numerous other religious schools were established as well. The Sarajevo library, in its prime, was in the same category as the Madrassa of Beyazid II. The annexation of Bosnia by Austria-Hungary introduced Sarajevo to Western education. The first high school in Sarajevo was established in 1887. Starting in the 1940s, numerous modern faculties were added to the University o ...

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Sarajevo, Sarajevo - Geography and climate, Sarajevo - Geography, Sarajevo - Climate, Sarajevo - History, Sarajevo - Government, Sarajevo - Executive branch, Sarajevo - Legislative branch, Sarajevo - Judicial branch, Sarajevo - Demographics, Sarajevo - Economy, Sarajevo - Communications and media, Sarajevo - Divisions of Sarajevo, Sarajevo - People, Sarajevo - Tourism, Sarajevo - Transportation, Sarajevo - Culture, Sarajevo - Sports, Sarajevo - Education

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The Imperial (Austrian) and Royal (Hungarian) governments differed also to some extent in their attitude toward the Empire's common foreign policy. Politicians in Budapest particularly feared annexations of territory which would add to the kingdom's non-Hungarian populations. But the Empire's alliance with Germany against Russia from October 1879 (see Dual Alliance, 1879) commanded general acceptance, since Russia seemed the ...

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Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867, Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure, Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations, Austria-Hungary - Economy, Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy, Austria-Hungary - World War I, Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire, Austria-Hungary - Historiography, Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy, Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary - Reference

Read more here: » Austria-Hungary: Encyclopedia II - Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy

Russia's earlier Far Eastern policy required holding Balkan issues in abeyance, a strategy Austria-Hungary also followed between 1897 and 1906. Japan's victory in 1905 had forced Russia to make deals with the British and the Japanese. In 1907 Russia's new foreign minister, Aleksandr Izvol'skiy, concluded agreements with both nations. To maintain its sphere of influence in northern Manchuria and northern Persia, Russia agreed to Japanese ascendancy in southern Manchuria and Korea, and to British ascendancy in southern Persia, Afghanistan, and ...

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Russian history 1892-1920, Russian history 1892-1920 - Radical revolutionary parties, Russian history 1892-1920 - Imperialism in Asia and the Russo-Japanese War, Russian history 1892-1920 - Accelerated industrialization, Russian history 1892-1920 - Revolution and counterrevolution 1905-07, Russian history 1892-1920 - The Stolypin and Kokovstov governments, Russian history 1892-1920 - Active Balkan policy 1906-13, Russian history 1892-1920 - Russia at war 1914-16, Russian history 1892-1920 - The fatal weakening of Tsarism in Russia

Read more here: » Russian history 1892-1920: Encyclopedia II - Russian history 1892-1920 - Active Balkan policy 1906-13

The kingship of Hungary remained in the Habsburg family for centuries; but as the kingship was not strictly inherited and was sometimes used as a training ground for young Habsburgs, the dates of rule do not always match those of the primary Habsburg possessions. Therefore, the kings of Hungary are listed separately. Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Hungary. Albert, king of Hungary 1437 - 1439

The question of who becomes heir apparent is usually decided either by custom, convention, or by law. Monarchies traditionally gave male children (and their children) precedence on the order of succession ahead of female children, with the oldest male child becoming heir apparent. Hence in the United Kingdom, though she is Queen Elizabeth II's second oldest child, Princess Anne is the lowest ranking in the order of succession of the Queen's children, Princes Charles, Andrew, Edward; as w ...

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Heir Apparent, Heir Apparent - Heir Apparent versus Heir Presumptive, Heir Apparent - Examples of heirs apparent and heirs presumptive, Heir Apparent - Heir Apparent's Status can be overturned by law, Heir Apparent - Removal of males from superior role in succession, Heir Apparent - Replacement of another Royal Family member by Parliament, Heir Apparent - Breaching of legal qualifications to be Heir Apparent, Heir Apparent - Who becomes heir apparent?, Heir Apparent - Position inherited through descent from the Heir Apparent, Heir Apparent - Several simultaneous heirs-apparent, Heir Apparent - Usage, Heir Apparent - Pretender, Heir Apparent - Famous Heirs Apparent who never inherited the throne, Heir Apparent - Heirs Apparent as of 2005, Heir Apparent - Footnote

Read more here: » Heir Apparent: Encyclopedia II - Heir Apparent - Who becomes heir apparent?

The kingship of Bohemia was for centuries a position elected by its nobles. As a result, it was not an automatically inherited position. The king of Bohemia tended to be a Habsburg, but was not always. Hence, the kings of Bohemia and their ruling dates are listed separately. Habsburg - Main line: Kings of Bohemia. Rudolph I, king of Bohemia 1306-1307 Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Bohemia. Albert, king of Bohemia 1437 - 1439 < ...

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Habsburg, Habsburg - A brief history of the House of Habsburg, Habsburg - From Counts of Habsburg to Holy Roman Emperors, Habsburg - Division of the House: Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine: the Austrian Empire, Habsburg - Main Line, Habsburg - Ancestors, Habsburg - Counts of Habsburg, Habsburg - Kings of Germany, Habsburg - Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Albertine line: Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Leopoldine line: Dukes of Styria Carinthia Tyrol, Habsburg - Reuniting of Habsburg possessions, Habsburg - Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain Kings of Portugal 1580-1640, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine Lothringen main line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Emperors of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Heads of the House of Habsburg post-monarchy, Habsburg - Burials, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Queens Consort of France, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - Habsburg-Lorraine

Read more here: » Habsburg: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia

Young Bosnia, a group of young Bosnian anarchists of various nationalities, was equipped with Fabrique Nationale de Herstal model 1910 pistols and bombs supplied by the Black Hand, a Serbian secret society with links to Serbian government. The level of involvement of the Black Hand is disputed. Some believe that it directly organized the attack and that Young Bosnia was in fact a subsidiary organization. Others point out that Young Bosnia was ideologically different from the Black Hand and so inexperienced that the Black Handers never really believed the attempt would be successful. Most people do agree that the Black ...

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Assassination in Sarajevo, Assassination in Sarajevo - Background, Assassination in Sarajevo - Conspiracy, Assassination in Sarajevo - The assassination, Assassination in Sarajevo - Consequences, Assassination in Sarajevo - Relics

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The people of Sarajevo are known as “Sarayliyas” (spelled Sarajlije in local languages). Sarayliyas are known for being very proud and patriotic of their city. The song by popular singer Kemal Monteno, “Sarajevo Ljubavi Moja” (Sarajevo Love of Mine) has come to somewhat epitomize this feeling among the people, and to this day remains something of an unofficial anthem for the city (alongside ...

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Sarajevo, Sarajevo - Geography and climate, Sarajevo - Geography, Sarajevo - Climate, Sarajevo - History, Sarajevo - Government, Sarajevo - Executive branch, Sarajevo - Legislative branch, Sarajevo - Judicial branch, Sarajevo - Demographics, Sarajevo - Economy, Sarajevo - Communications and media, Sarajevo - Divisions of Sarajevo, Sarajevo - People, Sarajevo - Tourism, Sarajevo - Transportation, Sarajevo - Culture, Sarajevo - Sports, Sarajevo - Education

Read more here: » Sarajevo: Encyclopedia II - Sarajevo - People

One of the most famous things about Sarajevo is that it was the location of the 1984 Winter Olympics. However, sports and sporting events played an important part in Sarajevo life well before the city hosted the games. For instance, one of the city's best-loved sports is football. The two best football clubs, FK Sarajevo and NK Željezničar, both have a long tradition of competing in European and international cups and tournaments. There are also football clubs in Sarajevo like for example FK Olimpik and others but these clubs are less famous and don't ...

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Sarajevo, Sarajevo - Geography and climate, Sarajevo - Geography, Sarajevo - Climate, Sarajevo - History, Sarajevo - Government, Sarajevo - Executive branch, Sarajevo - Legislative branch, Sarajevo - Judicial branch, Sarajevo - Demographics, Sarajevo - Economy, Sarajevo - Communications and media, Sarajevo - Divisions of Sarajevo, Sarajevo - People, Sarajevo - Tourism, Sarajevo - Transportation, Sarajevo - Culture, Sarajevo - Sports, Sarajevo - Education

Read more here: » Sarajevo: Encyclopedia II - Sarajevo - Sports

The museum's primary collections are those of the Habsburgs, particularly from the portrait and armour collections of Ferdinand of Tirol, the collections of Emperor Rudolf II (the largest part of which is, however, scattered), and the collection of paintings of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm. Affiliated with the Vienna museum, and officially part of the Kunsthistorisches Museum, are the collections in the Neue Hofburg. These include the: Hofjagd- und Rüstkammer (Imperial Hunting and Armoury Treasury, the collection of a ...

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Kunsthistorisches Museum, Kunsthistorisches Museum - Collection, Kunsthistorisches Museum - External link

Read more here: » Kunsthistorisches Museum: Encyclopedia II - Kunsthistorisches Museum - Collection

After the defeat of the Magyars by Emperor Otto the Great in the Battle of Lechfeld (955), new Marches were established in what is today Austria. The one known as the marchia orientalis was to become the core territory of Austria and was given to Leopold of Babenberg in 976. The Marches were overseen by a comes or dux as appointed by the king. The most normal translation of these offices is count or duke, but these titles conveyed very different meanings in the Early Middle Ages, and the Latin terminology is prefe ...

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History of Austria, History of Austria - Early history, History of Austria - Early middle ages, History of Austria - Babenberg Austria, History of Austria - The Habsburg Monarchy 13th century–1918, History of Austria - Beginnings 1278-1526, History of Austria - The Reformation and Austria's Rise to Power 1526-1714, History of Austria - Charles VI and Maria Theresa 1711-1780, History of Austria - The Reigns of Joseph II and Leopold II 1780-1792, History of Austria - The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon 1792-1814, History of Austria - The Nineteenth Century 1815-1918, History of Austria - The First Republic 1918–1934, History of Austria - Austrofascism 1934–1938, History of Austria - Part of Nazi Germany 1938–1945, History of Austria - The Second Republic since 1945, History of Austria - Allied occupation, History of Austria - Independence and political development during the Second Republic, History of Austria - The 90s and the recent past, History of Austria - Reference

Read more here: » History of Austria: Encyclopedia II - History of Austria - Babenberg Austria