Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Επιφανής, Greek: Manifest) (c. 215–163 BC, reigned 175–163 BC), was a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, He was originally named Mithradates, but renamed Antiochus either upon his ascension or after the death of his elder brother Antiochus. He was a son of Antiochus III the Great and brother of Seleucus IV Philopator. Antiochus took power after the death of Seleucus Philopator. He had been hostage in Rome following the peace of Apamea in 188 BC but had recently been excha ...

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Antiochus IV Epiphanes - External link

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Hanukkah, Hanukkah - Commemoration, Hanukkah - Historical sources, Hanukkah - In the Talmud, Hanukkah - In the Septuagint, Hanukkah - The story, Hanukkah - Hanukkah rituals, Hanukkah - Kindling the Hanukkah Lights, Hanukkah - When to light the lights, Hanukkah - Blessings over the candles, Hanukkah - Additions to the daily prayers, Hanukkah - Traditional Hanukkah foods, Hanukkah - Hanukkah games: Dreidel and Gelt, Hanukkah - Dreidel, Hanukkah - Chanukkah Gelt, Hanukkah - Interaction with other traditions, Hanukkah - Alternative spellings based on transliterating Hebrew letters, Hanukkah - Background, Hanukkah - Chronology, Hanukkah - Battles of the Maccabean revolt, Hanukkah - When Hanukkah occurs, Hanukkah - Hanukkah's dates in the Gregorian calendar

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After the death of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the Seleucid Empire became increasingly unstable. Frequent civil wars made central authority tenuous at best. Epiphanes' young son, Antiochus V Eupator, was first overthrown by Seleucus IV's son, Demetrius I Soter in 161 BC. Demetrius I attempted to restore Seleucid power in Judea particularly, but was overthrown in 150 BC by Alexander Balas -- an impostor who (with Egyptian backing) claimed to be the son of Epiphanes. Alexander Balas reigned until 145 BC, when he was overthrown by Demetrius I's son ...

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Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC - 170s BC - 150s BC140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC Years: 180 BC 179 BC 178 BC 177 BC 176 BC - 175 BC - 174 BC 173 BC 172 BC 171 BC 170 BC Birth Death Events Antiochus IV Epiphanes becomes Seleucid king of Syria. Category: 175 BC ...

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The Battle of Emmaus took place in 166 BC between the Hasmonean rebels of Judea, led by Judas Maccabeus and the third expedition of Hellenist forces sent by Antiochus IV Epiphanes, this time led by Lysias and his general, Gorgias. Gorgias established his base camp at the town of Emmaus, along the western border of Judea, while Judas Maccabeus' camp was located in the town of Mitzpah, north of Jerusalem. When word reached Maccabeus that Gorgias was leading 5,000 troops on a march against his camp and was planning to surprise the

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Aretas (Arabic: Haritha), the Greek form of a name borne by kings of the Nabataeans resident at Petra in Arabia. Aretas was a king in the time of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (2 Macc. v.8). Another Aretas was the father-in-law of Herod Antipas (Josephus, Ant. xviii.5.I,3). In 2 Cor. XI.3.2 he is described as ruler of Damascus at the time of Paul's conversion. Herod Antipas had married a daughter of Aretas, but afterwards discarded her in favour of Herodias. This led to a w ...

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Antiochus IV was made king of Commagene by Caligula, who even enlarged his territory but then deposed him almost immediately. Restored by Claudius in 41, he reigned until 72 as an ally of Rome against Parthia. That year he was deposed on suspicion of treason and retired to Rome. His sons Epiphanes and Callinicus fled to Parthia after a brief encounter with Roman troops. Several of his coins are extant, and their die-marks prove he did rule large parts of Cappadocia and Cilicia as well as Commagene proper. The reasons for provid

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(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 2nd century BC - Events. 175 BC - Antiochus IV Epiphanes, took possession of the Syrian throne, at the murder of his brother Seleucus IV Philopator, which rightly belonged to his nephew Demetrius I Soter. 168 BC - Battle of Pydna - The Macedonian phalanx defeated by Romans 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Events commemorated each year by the fe ...

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2nd century BC - Events 2nd century BC - Significant persons 2nd century BC - Inventions discoveries introductions 2nd century BC - Decades and years

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC - 160s BC - 150s BC140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC Years: 172 BC 171 BC 170 BC 169 BC 168 BC - 167 BC - 166 BC 165 BC 164 BC 163 BC 162 BC Events Antiochus IV Epiphanes decrees that Hellenistic practices be followed by all of his subjects. This decree causes Judas Maccabeus also known as Mattathias, son of John, to raise a revolt in Modi'in. Mattathias is considered the founder of the Hasmonean dynasty.

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC - 170s BC - 160s BC 150s BC140s BC 130s BC 120s BC Years: 175 BC 174 BC 173 BC 172 BC 171 BC - 170 BC - 169 BC 168 BC 167 BC 166 BC 165 BC Events Antiochus IV Epiphanes invades Egypt and installs Ptolemy Physcon as king. Perseus of Macedon repulses a Roman army commanded by A. Hostilius Mancinus in Thessaly Parchment is invented, in Pergamum. The earliest known paved streets appear in Rome.< ...

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The Essenes were supposed to have come into existence as a protest following the purchase by Yehoshua Ben-Shimon II (Jason son of Simon) of the high priesthood from Antiochus IV Epiphanes in 175 BC. Subsequently the Essenes referred to Yehoshua ben Shimon and his genealogically unqualified successors as The Wicked Priest (Kohein ha-Resha lit. bad priest, instead of Kohein ha-Gadol). However, others have suggested that Queen Salome Alexandra's son Hyrcanus II (63 BC-?) and the other Roman collaborators that succeeded to him are the best qualified for the Wicked Priest appellation. Either way the new illegitimate priest ...

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Essenes, Essenes - History, Essenes - Beliefs, Essenes - Rules and Customs, Essenes - Dissolution, Essenes - Parallels and Influences, Essenes - Modern Essenes

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Jonathan was one of the sons of Mattathias Maccabaeus. His father was a Kohen credited as the founding figure of the rebellion of the Maccabees against Antiochus IV Epiphanes of the Seleucid Empire. However Mattathias died in 167 BC while the rebellion was only begining. He was survived by Jonathan and his brothers Eleazar, Johanan, Judas Maccabeus, Simon Maccabaeus. They were sworn to continue the rebellion of their father. Judas soon became thei ...

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Jonathan Maccabaeus, Jonathan Maccabaeus - Leader of the Jews, Jonathan Maccabaeus - Turn of fate, Jonathan Maccabaeus - High Priest., Jonathan Maccabaeus - Victory over Apollonius., Jonathan Maccabaeus - Under Demetrius II., Jonathan Maccabaeus - Friendship with Rome and Sparta., Jonathan Maccabaeus - Diodotus Tryphon

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On the surface, it appeared that the sons of Mattathias had met with ultimate success. However, Judas only provisionally accepted the course of events. He insisted that religious liberty would not continue unabated without political independence and vowed to continue the war. In the meantime, Demetrius I, nephew of the late Antiochus IV Epiphanes, garnered popular support in Antioch, overthrew Lysias, and put him to death. He then ordered a renewed offensive against the Jews. Judas responded by waging guerrilla operations against the Syrians ...

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Judas Maccabeus, Judas Maccabeus - The rise of Judas Maccabeus, Judas Maccabeus - The restoration, Judas Maccabeus - Toward political independence, Judas Maccabeus - In literature

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Around 200 BCE Jews lived as an autonomous people in the land of Israel, also referred to as Judea, which at that time was controlled by the Seleucid king of Syria. The Jewish people paid taxes to Syria and accepted its legal authority, and by and large were free to follow their own faith, maintain their own jobs, and engage in trade. By 175 BCE Antiochus IV Epiphanes ascended to the Seleucid throne. At first little changed, but under his reign Jews were gradually forced to violate the precepts of their faith. Jews rebelled at having to do this. Under the reign of Antiochus IV, the T ...

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Hanukkah, Hanukkah - Commemoration, Hanukkah - Historical sources, Hanukkah - In the Talmud, Hanukkah - In the Septuagint, Hanukkah - The story, Hanukkah - Hanukkah rituals, Hanukkah - Kindling the Hanukkah Lights, Hanukkah - When to light the lights, Hanukkah - Blessings over the candles, Hanukkah - Additions to the daily prayers, Hanukkah - Traditional Hanukkah foods, Hanukkah - Hanukkah games: Dreidel and Gelt, Hanukkah - Dreidel, Hanukkah - Chanukkah Gelt, Hanukkah - Interaction with other traditions, Hanukkah - Alternative spellings based on transliterating Hebrew letters, Hanukkah - Background, Hanukkah - Chronology, Hanukkah - Battles of the Maccabean revolt, Hanukkah - When Hanukkah occurs, Hanukkah - Hanukkah's dates in the Gregorian calendar

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No one knows for certain the origins of reading the haftarah, but several theories have been put forth. The most common explanation, accepted by some traditional Jewish authorities, is that when the Jews were under the rule of the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes, they were forbidden from reading the Pentateuch and made do with a substitute. When they were again able to read the Pentateuch, they kept ...

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Haftarah, Haftarah - History, Haftarah - Who reads the haftarah, Haftarah - The haftarah blessings, Haftarah - Haftarah cantillation, Haftarah - Haftarot on Sabbath afternoon, Haftarah - Haftarah as a Bar- or Bat-Mitzvah ritual, Haftarah - List of Haftarot, Haftarah - Haftarot for Genesis, Haftarah - Haftarot for Exodus, Haftarah - Haftarot for Leviticus, Haftarah - Haftarot for Numbers, Haftarah - Haftarot for Deuteronomy, Haftarah - Haftarot for special Sabbaths Festivals and Fast Days, Haftarah - Haftarah for a bridegroom

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(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 2nd century BC - Events. 175 BC - Antiochus IV Epiphanes, took possession of the Syrian throne, at the murder of his brother Seleucus IV Philopator, which rightly belonged to his nephew Demetrius I Soter. 168 BC - Battle of Pydna - The Macedonian phalanx defeated by Romans 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Events commemorated each year by the fe ...

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2nd century BC - Events 2nd century BC - Significant persons 2nd century BC - Inventions, discoveries, introductions 2nd century BC - Decades and years

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An altar is any structure upon which sacrifices or other offerings are offered for religious purposes. Altar - Altars in the Hebrew Bible. Altars (Hebrew mizbe'ah, from a word meaning "to slay") in the Hebrew Bible were typically made of earth (Ex. 20:24) or unwrought stone (20:25). Altars were generally erected in conspicuous places (Genesis 22:9; Ezekiel 6:3; 2 Kings 23:12; 16:4; 23:8.) The first altar recorded in the Hebrew Bible is that erected by Noah (Genesis 8:20). Altars were erected b ...

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Altar - Altars in the Hebrew Bible Altar - Altars in Jewish synagogues Altar - Christianity Altar - Altars in Christian churches
Altar - Altars in Eastern Christian Churches
Altar - High places Altar - External link

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Antioch on the Orontes (Greek Αντιοχεια ἡ επι Δαφνη) is located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 20 miles from the sea and its port, Seleucia of Pieria (Suedia, now Samandagi). It was founded as a Greek city near the end of the 4th century BC by Seleucus I Nicator, who made it the capital of his empire in Syria. Seleucus I had served as one of Alexander the Great's generals, and the name Antiochus occu ...

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Antioch - Geography Antioch - History of Antioch
Antioch - Hellenistic age Antioch - Roman period Antioch - Early Christian-Byzantine period
Antioch - Archaeology

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Hanukkah, also known as the Festival of Lights or Festival of Dedication, is an eight day Jewish holiday that starts on the 25th day of Kislev, which generally is in December, or sometimes, late November. The festival is observed in Jewish homes by the kindling of lights on each of the festival's eight nights, one on the first night, two on the second night and so on. In Hebrew script, the word Hanukkah is written חנכה, ḥănukkāh, or חנוכה, Including:

Hanukkah - Commemoration Hanukkah - Historical sources
Hanukkah - In the Septuagint
Hanukkah - The story Hanukkah - Hanukkah rituals
Hanukkah - Kindling the Hanukkah Lights Hanukkah - When to light the lights Hanukkah - Blessings over the candles Hanukkah - Additions to the daily prayers
Hanukkah - Traditional Hanukkah foods Hanukkah - Hanukkah games: Dreidel and Gelt
Hanukkah - Dreidel Hanukkah - Chanukkah Gelt
Hanukkah - Interaction with other traditions Hanukkah - Alternative spellings based on transliterating Hebrew letters Hanukkah - Background
Hanukkah - Chronology Hanukkah - Battles of the Maccabean revolt
Hanukkah - When Hanukkah occurs
Hanukkah - Hanukkah's dates in the Gregorian calendar

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(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 2nd century BC - Events. 175 BC - Antiochus IV Epiphanes, took possession of the Syrian throne, at the murder of his brother Seleucus IV Philopator, which rightly belonged to his nephew Demetrius I Soter. 168 BC - Battle of Pydna - The Macedonian phalanx defeated by Romans 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Events commemorated each year by the fe ...

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2nd century BC - Events 2nd century BC - Significant persons 2nd century BC - Inventions, discoveries, introductions 2nd century BC - Decades and years

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