An anti-diabetic drug or oral hypoglycemic agent is used to treat diabetes mellitus. They usually work by lowering the glucose levels in the blood. There are different types of anti-diabetic drugs, and their use depends on the nature of the diabetes, age and situation of the person, as well as other factors. Insulin is the only non-oral antidiabetic drug. It is the mainstay of treatment in type I diabetes, in which insulin production is impaired. In type II diabetes, it is used when oral medication has become ineffective ...

Including:

• Anti-diabetic drug - Sulfonylureas
• Anti-diabetic drug - Meglitinides
• Anti-diabetic drug - Biguanides
• Anti-diabetic drug - Thiazolidinediones
• Anti-diabetic drug - Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
• Anti-diabetic drug - Experimental agents
• Anti-diabetic drug - Insulin by mouth
• Anti-diabetic drug - Reference

Read more here: » Anti-diabetic drug: Encyclopedia - Anti-diabetic drug

See also:

Anti-diabetic drug, Anti-diabetic drug - Sulfonylureas, Anti-diabetic drug - Meglitinides, Anti-diabetic drug - Biguanides, Anti-diabetic drug - Thiazolidinediones, Anti-diabetic drug - Alpha glucosidase inhibitors, Anti-diabetic drug - Experimental agents, Anti-diabetic drug - Insulin by mouth, Anti-diabetic drug - Reference

Read more here: » Anti-diabetic drug: Encyclopedia II - Anti-diabetic drug - Sulfonylureas

Biguanides reduce hepatic glucose output. Although it must be used with caution in patients with impaired liver or kidney function, metformin has become the most commonly used agent for type 2 diabetes in children and teenagers. Metformin (Glucophage) Phenformin (DBI): used in 1960-1980s, withdrawn due to lactic acidosis risk. Metformin should be temporarily discontinued before any radiographic procedure involving intravenous iodinated contrast as pati ...

See also:

Anti-diabetic drug, Anti-diabetic drug - Sulfonylureas, Anti-diabetic drug - Meglitinides, Anti-diabetic drug - Biguanides, Anti-diabetic drug - Thiazolidinediones, Anti-diabetic drug - Alpha glucosidase inhibitors, Anti-diabetic drug - Experimental agents, Anti-diabetic drug - Insulin by mouth, Anti-diabetic drug - Reference

Read more here: » Anti-diabetic drug: Encyclopedia II - Anti-diabetic drug - Biguanides

Anti-obesity drugs include all pharmacological treatments intended to reduce or control weight. Because these drugs are intended to alter one of the fundamental processes of the human body, anti-obesity drugs are medically prescribed only in cases of morbid obesity, where weight loss is life-saving. Anti-obesity drug - Mechanisms of action. Anti-obesity drugs operate through one or more of the following mechanisms: Suppression of the appetite. Increase of the body's metabolism. Including:

• Anti-obesity drug - Mechanisms of action
• Anti-obesity drug - Side effects
• Anti-obesity drug - Limitations of current knowledge
• Anti-obesity drug - Future developments
• Anti-obesity drug - Reference

Read more here: » Anti-obesity drug: Encyclopedia - Anti-obesity drug

Anti-inflammatory refers to the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation. Anti-inflammatory drugs make up one half of analgesics, remedying pain by reducing inflammation as opposed to opioids which affect the brain. Anti-inflammatory - Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Many steroids - specifically glucocorticoids - reduce inflammation by binding to cortisol receptors. These drugs are often referred to as corticosteroids, though that is a larger category. Including:

• Anti-inflammatory - Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
• Anti-inflammatory - Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
• Anti-inflammatory - Ice treatment

Read more here: » Anti-inflammatory: Encyclopedia - Anti-inflammatory

A condom is a device, usually made of latex, that is used during sexual intercourse to reduce the risk of pregnancy and/or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as gonorrhea, syphilis and HIV. Condoms are also often used to keep a sex toy clean, such as a strap-on dildo, both making cleanup easier, and in cases of toys shared between partners, helping provide STD protection. Condoms do not protect against all forms of STDs. They are also known as prophylactics, as well as a number of colloquial or slang terms, such as ru ...

Including:

• Condom - Overview
• Condom - Condom failure
• Condom - Proper use
• Condom - Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually-transmitted infections STIs
• Condom - Health issues
• Condom - Prevalence of condoms
• Condom - Female condoms
• Condom - French Letter
• Condom - Religious attitudes towards use of condoms
• Condom - Factors Influencing Condom Use
• Condom - Geographic Location
• Condom - Drug Use
• Condom - Anti-Condom Trends
• Condom - Laws and policies restricting condoms
• Condom - Environmental impact
• Condom - Other uses for condoms

Read more here: » Condom: Encyclopedia - Condom

Mind control is a general term for a number of controversial theories proposing that an individual's thinking, behavior, emotions or decisions can, to a greater or lesser extent, be manipulated at will by outside sources. People who believe they are subject to mind-control are usually psychotic. Suitable doses of anti-psychotic drugs remove the delusion or make it less obtrusive. The principal feasibility of such control and the methods by which it might be attained (either direct or more subtle) are both subject to hot ...

Including:

• Mind control - Theoretical models and methods
• Mind control - Failed attempts: Drugs physical methods Silva method
• Mind control - Subliminal advertising
• Mind control - Lifton brainwashing model
• Mind control - Margaret Singer's conditions for mind control
• Mind control - BITE model of Steven Hassan
• Mind control - Mind Control and the Battered Women Syndrome
• Mind control - Evolutionary Psychology approach
• Mind control - Social psychology tactics
• Mind control - Social psychological conditioning by Stahelski
• Mind control - Cults and mind control controversies
• Mind control - Scholarly points of view
• Mind control - Mind control and exit counseling
• Mind control - Mind control and recruitment rates
• Mind control - Mind control and faith
• Mind control - Counter-cult movement and mind control
• Mind control - Legal issues
• Mind control - Mind control in conspiracy theory
• Mind control - Mind control in fiction
• Mind control - Mind control as entertainment

Read more here: » Mind control: Encyclopedia - Mind control

Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used specifically for treating viral infections. Like antibiotics, specific antivirals are used for specific viruses. Antiviral drugs are one class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotics, anti-fungal and anti-parasitic drugs. They are relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. Most of the antivirals now available are designed to help deal with HIV; herpesvirus, which are best known for causing cold sores but actually cover ...

Including:

• Antiviral drug - History
• Antiviral drug - Development of antiviral drugs
• Antiviral drug - Antiviral drug design strategies

Read more here: » Antiviral drug: Encyclopedia - Antiviral drug

Antiretroviral drugs are medications for the treatment of infection by retroviruses, primarily HIV. Different classes of antiretroviral drugs act at different stages of the HIV life cycle. Combination of several (typically three or four) antiretroviral drugs is known as Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). Organizations such as the National Institutes of Health (Bethesday, Maryland, USA) recommend offering antiretroviral treatment to all patients with HIV-related symptoms. However, because of the complex ...

Including:

• Antiretroviral drug - Combination therapy
• Antiretroviral drug - Current treatment guidelines
• Antiretroviral drug - Limitations of antiretroviral drug therapy
• Antiretroviral drug - Classes of antiretroviral drugs
• Antiretroviral drug - Reverse transcriptase inhibitors RTIs
• Antiretroviral drug - Protease inhibitors PIs
• Antiretroviral drug - Fusion inhibitors
• Antiretroviral drug - Fixed dose combinations
• Antiretroviral drug - Synergistic enhancers
• Antiretroviral drug - Adverse Effects

Read more here: » Antiretroviral drug: Encyclopedia - Antiretroviral drug

Antipruritic is a drug which reduces pruritis, or itching. Most anti-pruritic drugs are antihistamines or mint-like substances such as menthol or camphor. Calamine lotion is a zinc-based anti-pruritic that has been used in this capacity for hundreds of years. A commonly used herbal antipruritic is Olive Oil. Other related archivesCalamine lotion, antihistamines, camphor, itching, menthol, mint

Read more here: » Antipruritic: Encyclopedia - Antipruritic

A counterfeit is an imitation that is made with the intent to deceptively represent its content or origins. The word counterfeit most frequently describes forged money or documents, but can also describe clothing, software, pharmaceuticals, or any other manufactured item, especially when these products are protected by trademarks or patents. Counterfeit - History. Counterfeiting money is probably as old as money itself. However, the introduction of paper money has made it an easier thing to do. < ...

Including:

• Counterfeit - History
• Counterfeit - Anti-counterfeiting measures
• Counterfeit - Money art
• Counterfeit - Famous counterfeiters

Read more here: » Counterfeit: Encyclopedia - Counterfeit

An analgesic (colloquially known as painkiller) is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain and to achieve analgesia. This derives from Greek an-, "without", and -algia, "pain". Analgesic drugs act in various ways on the peripheral and central nervous system; they include paracetamol (acetaminophen), the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as the salicylates, narcotic drugs such as morphine, synthetic drugs with narcotic properties such as tramadol, and various others. So ...

Including:

• Analgesic - Stepwise use
• Analgesic - The major classes
• Analgesic - Paracetamol and NSAIDs
• Analgesic - Opiates and morphinomimetics
• Analgesic - Specific agents
• Analgesic - Specific forms and uses
• Analgesic - Combinations
• Analgesic - Topical or systemic
• Analgesic - Psychotropic agents
• Analgesic - Addiction
• Analgesic - Reference

Read more here: » Analgesic: Encyclopedia - Analgesic

Arsphenamine is a drug that was used to treat syphilis and trypanosomiasis. It was the first modern chemotherapeutic agent. Sahachiro Hata discovered the anti-syphilitic activity of this compound in 1908 in the laboratory of Paul Ehrlich, during a survey of hundreds of newly-synthesized organic arsenical compounds. Ehrlich had theorized that by screening many compounds a drug could be discovered with anti-microbial activity. Ehrlich's team began their search for such a magic bullet among chemical derivatives of the dangerously-toxic d ...

Read more here: » Arsphenamine: Encyclopedia - Arsphenamine

An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics are one class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes anti-viral, anti-fungal, and anti-parasitic drugs. They are relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. The term, coined by Selman Waksman, originally described only those formulations derived from living organisms, in contradistinction to "chemotherapeutic agents", which were purely synthetic. Nowadays the term "antibiotic" is also applied to synthetic antimicrobials, such as the sulfonamides. Antibiotics are small molecules with a molec ...

Including:

• Antibiotic - History
• Antibiotic - Classes of Antibiotics
• Antibiotic - Production
• Antibiotic - Side effects
• Antibiotic - Antibiotic misuse
• Antibiotic - Antibiotic resistance
• Antibiotic - Beyond antibiotics

Read more here: » Antibiotic: Encyclopedia - Antibiotic

A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. J Anti-infectives for systemic use ATC code J04 - J04A Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis. ATC code J04 - J04AA Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives. J04AA01 Aminosalicylic acid J04AA02 Sodium aminosalicylate J04AA03 Calcium aminosalicylate ATC code J04 - J04AB Antibiotics. J04AB01 Cycloserine J04AB02 Rifampicin J04AB0 ...

Including:

• ATC code J04 - J04A Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
• ATC code J04 - J04AA Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives
• ATC code J04 - J04AB Antibiotics
• ATC code J04 - J04AC Hydrazides
• ATC code J04 - J04AD Thiocarbamide derivatives
• ATC code J04 - J04AK Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
• ATC code J04 - J04AM Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
• ATC code J04 - J04B Drugs for treatment of leprosy
• ATC code J04 - J04BA Drugs for treatment of leprosy

Read more here: » ATC code J04: Encyclopedia - ATC code J04

Benzphetamine (brand name: Didrex) is an anti-obesity drug marketed under this brand in the USA by Pharmacia. Benzphetamine is used as a short term adjunct in management of exogenous obesity. It is closely related to amphetamine. 4-FMP Amphetamine Benzphetamine Dextroamphetamine dl-Amphetamine MDMA Methamphetamine Paramethoxyamphetamine Categories: Amphetamines | Anorectics | Obesity ...

Read more here: » Benzphetamine: Encyclopedia - Benzphetamine

α-ET, also known as alpha-ethyltryptamine or AET, is a chemical belonging to the tryptamine family. It was explored as an anti-depressant by Upjohn Chemical Company under the name Monase, but was moved into US Schedule I list of illegal substances in 1993. It is structurally related to α-methyltryptamine but its pharmacological effects are very different. α-ET is not a hallucinogenic drug, its effects resemble ...

Including:

• Alpha-ethyltryptamine - Dosage

Read more here: » Alpha-ethyltryptamine: Encyclopedia - Alpha-ethyltryptamine

Viramidine J05AB04 Viramidine (ICN 3142) is an anti-viral drug in Phase III human trials, but not yet approved for pharmaceutical use. It is a prodrug of ribavirin, active against a number of DNA and RNA viruses. Viramidine has better liver-targetting than ribavirin, and has a shorter life in the body due to less penetration and storage in red blood cells. It is expected eventually to be the drug of choice for viral hepatitis syndromes in which ribavirin is active. These include hepatitis ...

Read more here: » Viramidine: Encyclopedia - Viramidine

Meglitinides are related to sulfonylureas. The amplification of insulin release is shorter and more intense, and they are take with meals to boost the insulin response to each meal. Repaglinide (Prandin) - The max dosage is 16mg/day. Take this drug 0 to 30 minutes prior before eating a meal. If a meal is skipped, then the medication should also be skipped. Nateglinide (Starlix) - The max dosage is 360 mg/day, usually 120 mg three times a day (TID). It also follows the same recommendations as Repaglinide. Adve ...

See also:

Anti-diabetic drug, Anti-diabetic drug - Sulfonylureas, Anti-diabetic drug - Meglitinides, Anti-diabetic drug - Biguanides, Anti-diabetic drug - Thiazolidinediones, Anti-diabetic drug - Alpha glucosidase inhibitors, Anti-diabetic drug - Experimental agents, Anti-diabetic drug - Insulin by mouth, Anti-diabetic drug - Reference

Read more here: » Anti-diabetic drug: Encyclopedia II - Anti-diabetic drug - Meglitinides

Vidarabine is an anti-viral drug which is active against herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses. Vidarabine - How the drug was discovered. In the 1950’s two nucleosides were isolated from the Caribbean sponge Tethya crypta: spongothymidine and spongouridine; which contained an arabinoside sugar rather than a ribose. These compounds led to the synthesis of a new generation, sugar modified nucleoside analog: vidarabine, and the related compound: cytarabine. In 2004 these were the only mar ...

Including:

• Vidarabine - How the drug was discovered
• Vidarabine - Mode of Action
• Vidarabine - Mode of Resistance
• Vidarabine - Synthesis/preparation/isolation
• Vidarabine - Selectivity
• Vidarabine - Current clinical Indication
• Vidarabine - Bibliography

Read more here: » Vidarabine: Encyclopedia - Vidarabine