Herbal therapy or botanical therapy or herbalism:

employs parts of plants (seed, stem, flowers, root, bark, leaf) for the relief of conditions, ailments, or complaints; the earliest known form of medicine. Some popular herbs and common applications are:

algae (spirulina): the most commonly used variety is blue-green algae. Algae is available in powder, tablet and supplemental fruit drink forms. Used to reduce cholesterol levels and to treat degenerative disorders, including arthritis. Unproven medical benefits include treating obesity, colitis, and diabetes mellitus.

aloe or aloe vera: plant widely used as a skin moisturizer and healing agent, especially in treating cuts, burns, insect stings, eczema, bruises, acne, poison ivy rash, sunburn, and psoriasis.

arnica: used as an external remedy for bruises, sprains, and sore muscles and joints.

astragalus: from a family of peas that benefits digestive processes and the immune system; increases resistance to disease and infections; restores depressed immunity, and is used to treat peripheral vascular diseases and to restore peripheral circulation.

black cohosh: helps relieve sinusitis and asthma; lowers cholesterol levels and blood pressure; relieves pain, morning sickness, hot flashes, and menstrual cramps.

burdock: with diuretic and orexigenic properties, used to treat cutaneous eruptions, rheumatism, gout, anorexia nervosa, and eczema.

calendula: traditionally used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and epistaxis; varicose veins, hemorrhoids, and conjunctivitis.

capsicum/capsaicin/cayenne fruit: taken orally to improve circulation, digestion, and stop bleeding from ulcers, to relieve nausea, rheumatism, arthritis, and pleurisy. Used externally for painful muscle spasms of shoulder, arm, and spine and to treat arthritis, rheumatism, neuralgia, lumbago, chilblains, intractable pain associated with shingles (herpes zoster), postmastectomy, diabetic neuropathy, and cluster headaches.

cat's claw bark: used to treat AIDS patients, arthritis, neurobronchitis, allergies, rheumatism, diverticulosis, Crohn's disease, peptic and gastric ulcers, gastritis, parasites, colitis, leaky bowel syndrome, dysentery, hemorrhoids, cancer, herpes, diabetes, and inflammation.

chamomile: often made into a tea and used as a digestive aid, nerve tonic, sleep aid, and appetite stimulant.

cranberry fruit: used for the relief of ladder and urinary tract infections, blood disorders, stomach ailments, liver problems, vomiting, appetite loss, scurvy, and cancer.

dong quai root: used for hot flashes, menopause, premenstrual syndrome, vaginal dryness, anemia with dizziness and palpitation, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, constipation, rheumatic arthralgia, menorrhalgia, rheumatalgia, functional bleeding, chest, and abdominal pain.

echinacea herb, also called purple coneflower: bitter herb used for colds and chronic infections of the respiratory tract and lower urinary tract, treatment of Candida albicans infections, prostatitis, polyarthritis (rheumatoid arthritis). Externally, an ointment is used for poorly healing wounds and chronic ulcerations, burns, eczema, psoriasis, and herpes simplex.

evening primrose oil: aids in weight loss, reduces high blood pressure, and helps to treat all skin disorders, female disorders such as cramps and heavy bleeding, hot flashes, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and alcoholism.

feverfew: used for prophylaxis and treatment of migraine headaches, nausea, vomiting, arthritis, fever, and menstrual disorders. .

flaxseed: used for female disorders, colon problems, inflammation, and tumors. Promotes strong nails, bones, and teeth and healthy skin.

garlic cloves: used in the West primarily for its cardiovascular effects, principally as a support to dietetic measures at elevated levels of lipids in blood and as a preventive measure for age-dependent vascular changes. Garlic is also used for atheroma, prophylaxis of atherosclerosis, hypertension, respiratory infections, and catarrhal conditions and as a natural antibiotic.

ginger rhizome: primary uses of ginger are prophylaxis of the nausea and vomiting of motion sickness, dyspepsia, stomachic. It is also used as a tonic digestant in sub-acid gastritis, for lack of appetite, as a postoperative antiemetic for minor surgical procedures, for colic, for morning sickness, anorexia, bronchitis, and rheumatic complaints.

ginkgo biloba leaf extract: improves memory loss, brain function, depression, cerebral and peripheral circulation, oxygenation, and blood flow. Good for tinnitus, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, heart and kidney disorders, and glucose utilization.

ginseng root: used for impotence, stress, cocaine withdrawal, energy, diabetes, colds, and chest problems. Promotes lung function, enhances immune function, stimulates appetite, and normalizes blood pressure. Varieties popularly used include American ginseng, Asian ginseng, and Siberian ginseng.

goldenseal: used to strengthen the immune system; acts as an antibiotic; has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, potentiates insulin, and cleanses the body. Good for colds, flu, inflammation, glandular swelling, gum disease, morning sickness, diabetes, hypoglycemia, and ulcers.

grape seed extract: used as a dietary supplement for antioxidant and other cardiovascular benefits and for anti-inflammatory actions.

green tea leaf: believed to act as an antioxidant to prevent cancer and possibly other diseases; reduces the risk of stroke; lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease.

kava kava rhizome: used to treat nervous anxiety, stress, and restlessness.Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, or endogenous depression.

licorice root: used for catarrhal conditions of the upper respiratory tract and gastric/duodenal ulcers. Licorce is an ingredient in cough drops and syrups, tonics, laxatives, and antismoking preparations.

ma huang: has been used to relieve allergies, asthma, hay fever, colds, and inflammatory conditions. The plant contains two primary alkaloids, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.

passionflower: said to possess sedative, hypnotic, antispasmodic, and calming effects. Used to treat neuralgia, seizures, hysteria, nervous tachycardia, spasmodic asthma, and insomnia.

saw palmetto berry: used primarily for urination problems in benign prostate hyperplasia stages 1 and 2.

St. John's wort: traditionally used as a muscle relaxant to relieve menstrual problems, as a mild tranquilizer and as a treatment for depression and insomnia.

valerian root: used primarily for restlessness, sleeping disorders based on nervous conditions; also good for headaches, colic, gas, pain, stress, anxiety, muscle cramps, and spasms.

(See also: Herbal therapy , Alternative Medicine, Body Mind and Soul)

Role of Taste

It is as important to realise that every food's unique combination of attributes will influence its taste and the action it causes in the body. With every taste having a different action – as detailed below. Astanga Hrdayam clearly describes the characteristics of each of the six tastes and problems that might be experienced from its habitual over-consumption. Most foods being a combination of two or more of these tastes e.g. coffee is bitter and pungent.

Sour

Comprised of the elements earth & fire, it increases pitta and kapha and is good for heart and digestion. Stimulates agni, moves inactive Vata energy down the pelvic cavity, sets the teeth on edge and increases salivation. Excess use may cause looseness and flabbiness, loss of strength, giddiness, itching, irritation, a whitish yellow pallor, herpetiform lesions, swelling thirsts and fever, and diseases arising from excess pitta and kapha.

Sweet

Related to earth & water, it mitigates pitta and vata, producing greater strength in the tissues and of value to the aged, wounded, emaciated and children. Universally liked, it often adheres to the inside of the mouth, giving a feeling of pleasure, contentment and comfort. Good for the complexion, hair, senses and ojas, it also increases breast milk and helps unite broke parts like bones. By its virtue it prolongs life and helps life activities. In excess however it may cause diseases arising from fat and excess kapha e.g. obesity, dyspepsia, unconsciousness, diabetes, enlargement of neck glands or malignant tumors.

Salt

The water & fire in salty taste increases pitta and kapha. It clears obstruction of channels and pores and increases the digestive activity and salivation. Also responsible for lubrication and sweating, it penetrates the tissues. An excess of it may cause baldness and graying of the hair, wrinkles, thirst, skin diseases, blood disorders, herpetiform leisons and loss of body strength

Pungent

Fire & air in pungent increases vata and pitta and mitigates kapha. Increases hunger, is digestive, causes irritation, brings secretion from the eyes, nose & mouth, and gives a burning sensation to the mouth. Dilating the channels and breaking up the hard masses. But an excess use of it may cause thirst, depletion of reproductive tissue and strength, fainting, contracture, tremors, pain in the waist and back, and other disorders related to excess of pitta and kapha.

Bitter

Air & space being its elements, it mitigates pitta and kapha. Drying up moisture from fat, muscles, faeces and urine. It cleans the mouth and destroys the perception of taste. It is said to cure anorexia, worms, bacteria, parasites, thirst, skin diseases, loss of consciousness, fever, nausea, burning sensation. But in excess, it increases vata, causing diseases of vata origin and depletion of tissues.

Astringent

Air & earth increases vata and mitigates increased pitta and kapha. It cleans the blood and causes healing of ulcers. Like bitter, it too dries up moisture from fat. It absorbs water, causing constipation and hindering digestion of undigested food. Its excess use causes stasis of food without digestion, flatulance, pain in the cardiac region, emaciation, loss of virility, obstruction of channels and constipation.

(See also: Diet , Ayurveda, Ayurvedic Dictionary, Alternative Health, Body Mind and Soul)

Yawning

• If you yawn in your dreams, you will search in vain for health and contentment.
• To see others yawning, foretells that you will see some of your friends in a miserable state. Sickness will prevent them from their usual labors.

Source: 10 000 Dream Interpretations, by Gustavus Hindman Miller

(See also: Dream Archives, Meaning of Dreams, Dream Interpretation, Dream Dictionary, Dream Dictionary - Yawning , Meaning of Dreams about Yawning , Dream Interpretation Yawning )

Panchkarma: Emesis Therapy

This is really effective for nasal disorders, tuberculosis, bronchitis, asthma, diabetes, poor digestion, anorexia, dyspepsia, inflammation of lymph glands, epilepsy, insanity, edema, obesity, heart diseases and pangeutis.

Since kapha resides in the upper part of the body, its elimination by the nearest route is an acceptable and desirable, given that if any dosha is eliminated from its chief site the chances of recurrence are very low. Honey and rock salt are the common vehicles to administer the puking.

Proper therapy brings about a feeling of cleanliness of the chest and stomach, lightness of the body and ensures timely passing of urine and stool. But care must be taken to avoid over-administration as it could result in unconsciousness, blood vomiting, sudden drop of blood pressure and chest pain. While any under-administration would result in not achieving the desired effect.

(See also: Emesis Therapy , Ayurveda, Ayurvedic Dictionary, Alternative Health, Body Mind and Soul)

Common disorders that cause anorexia include anorexia nervosa, severe depression, cancer, dementia, AIDS, and chronic renal disease. Environmentally induced disorders, such as altitude sickness, can also trigger an acute form of anorexia. Anorexia may also be seen in congestive heart failure, perhaps due to congestion of the liver with venous blood. Although the presenting symptom (the one which prompts a patient to seek medical attention) in acute appendicitis is abdominal pain, the presence of anorexia is ...

See also:

Anorexia, Anorexia - Causes, Anorexia - Results

Read more here: » Anorexia: Encyclopedia II - Anorexia - Causes

Most psychotherapies are either direct descendants of psychoanalysis, or their founders started out in areas of psychoanalysis before developing their own theories. Therefore, when describing the history of psychotherapy, most traditionally start with Freud. Psychotherapy - Psychoanalysis. Although there are some bodies of thought in psychology without Sigmund Freud in their legacy, most can be traced back to his work starting in the 1880s in Vienna. Trained as a neurologist, Freud began noticing neurologi ...

See also:

Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy - General description, Psychotherapy - History, Psychotherapy - Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy - Cognitive, Psychotherapy - Humanistic, Psychotherapy - Behavioral, Psychotherapy - Brief counseling, Psychotherapy - Schools and approaches, Psychotherapy - Therapeutic Relationship, Psychotherapy - Criticism, Psychotherapy - Related lists

Read more here: » Psychotherapy: Encyclopedia II - Psychotherapy - History

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder which involves a disturbed body image. The central feature of BDD is that persons who are afflicted with it are excessively dissatisfied with their body because of a perceived physical defect. An example would be a woman who is extremely worried that her nose is too big, although other people don't notice anything unusual about it. Body dysmorphic disorder - Diagnostic criteria DSM-IV-TR. The DSM-IV-TR, the latest version of the diagnostic manual o ...

Including:

• Body dysmorphic disorder - Diagnostic criteria DSM-IV-TR
• Body dysmorphic disorder - BDD and other disorders

Read more here: » Body dysmorphic disorder: Encyclopedia - Body dysmorphic disorder

Dr. Monica Moreno offers alternative healthcare services to children, adolescents and women in Miami, Florida. I found her unique practice of combining homeopathic medicine with acupuncture and colortherapy intriguing and was pleased when she agreed to an interview to be published in our publication's first issue. Her background is extensive and her heart is generous.

An Interview with Dr. Monica Moreno, Acupuncturist (NCCAOM), Homeopath, & Samassati Colortherapist

(See also: Indigo Children, What is Indigo Children, Parenting Indigo Children, Adult Indigo, Indigo Children Channeling)

Read more here: » Indigo Children: Subtle Therapies for Sensitive Children  

Herbalism: Herbs, Plants, Oils - A list of herbs and their purposes, including old folklore usages

This is a list of some of the thousands of herbs that I have found, there are many more. They are in alphabetical order so just scroll down the list.

From The Busy Witch.

Read more here: » Herbs, Plants, Oils: A list of herbs and their purposes

In psychology, motivation is the driving force (desire) behind all actions of human beings, animals, and lower organisms. Many textbooks define it as an internal state or condition that activates behavior and gives it direction, desire or want that energizes and directs goal-oriented behavior, or an influence of needs and desires on the intensity and direction of behavior. Motivation is often based on emotions, specifically, on the search for positive emotional experiences and the avoidance of negative ones, where positi ...

Including:

• Motivation - Types of motivation
• Motivation - Physiological needs
• Motivation - Other biological motivations
• Motivation - Secondary goals
• Motivation - Coercion
• Motivation - Self control
• Motivation - Controlling motivation
• Motivation - Early programming
• Motivation - Organization
• Motivation - Drugs
• Motivation - In Education
• Motivation - Is Money a Motivator?
• Motivation - Reference

Read more here: » Motivation: Encyclopedia - Motivation

DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders. 300.4 Dysthymic Disorder Major Depressive Disorder Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent 296.36 In Full Remission 296.35 In Partial Remission 296.31 Mild 296.32 Moderate 296.33 Severe Without Psychotic Features 296.34 Severe With Psychotic Features 296.30 Unspecified Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode 296.26 In Full Remission 296.25 In Partial Rem ...

See also:

DSM-IV Codes, DSM-IV Codes - Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy childhood or adolescence, DSM-IV Codes - Mental retardation, DSM-IV Codes - Learning Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Motor Skills Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Communication Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Attention-Deficit And Disruptive Behavior Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Feeding and Eating Disorders if Infancy or Early Childhood, DSM-IV Codes - Tic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Elimination Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Disorders of Infancy Childhood or Adolescenece, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium, DSM-IV Codes - Dementia, DSM-IV Codes - Amnestic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Substance-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Alcohol-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Amphetamine Or Amphetamine-Like Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Caffeine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cannabis-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cocaine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Hallucinogen-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Inhalant-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Nicotine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Opioid-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Phencyclidine Or Phencyclidine-Like-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sedative- Hypnotic- or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Polysubstance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Other or Unknown Substance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mood Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Bipolar Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Anxiety Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Somatoform Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Factitious Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Dissociative Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual Dysfunctions, DSM-IV Codes - Paraphilias, DSM-IV Codes - Gender Identity Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Eating Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Primary Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Parasomnias, DSM-IV Codes - Other Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Adjustment Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Personality Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Additional codes

Read more here: » DSM-IV Codes: Encyclopedia II - DSM-IV Codes - Mood Disorders

Different manifestations occur at each stage of the disease. Syphilis - Primary syphilis. Primary syphilis is manifested after an incubation period of 10-90 days (the average is 21 days) with a primary sore. During the initial incubation period, individuals are asymptomatic. The sore, called a chancre, is a firm, painless skin ulceration localized at the point of initial exposure to the bacterium, often on the penis, vagina or rectum. Local lymph node swelling can occur. The primary lesion may persist for 4 to 6 weeks and then heal spontaneously. ...

See also:

Syphilis, Syphilis - History, Syphilis - Stages of syphilis, Syphilis - Primary syphilis, Syphilis - Secondary syphilis, Syphilis - Tertiary syphilis, Syphilis - Latent syphilis, Syphilis - Congenital syphilis, Syphilis - Testing, Syphilis - Treatment, Syphilis - Syphilis in art and literature

Read more here: » Syphilis: Encyclopedia II - Syphilis - Stages of syphilis

Domestic rabbit - Vaccinations Against Calici Virus and Myxomytosis. Calici virus and Myxomytosis are the biggest threat to the health of well-cared for pet rabbits. These can be prevented by annual vaccinations. Rabbit owners in Australia cannot get their rabbit vaccinated against myxomytosis due to its use in controlling wild rabbit numbers (it may escape if a vaccinated pet rabbit is released). Rabbits caged outdoors are especially vulnerable due to their being exposed to more vectors carrying the diseases, especially mosquitoes. In wild populations fleas also carry myxomytosis. ...

See also:

Domestic rabbit, Domestic rabbit - History, Domestic rabbit - General Types, Domestic rabbit - Meat Rabbits, Domestic rabbit - Fur Rabbits, Domestic rabbit - Wool Rabbits, Domestic rabbit - Diet, Domestic rabbit - Pellets, Domestic rabbit - Vegetables, Domestic rabbit - Hay, Domestic rabbit - Treats, Domestic rabbit - Caecal pellets, Domestic rabbit - Rabbits as Pets, Domestic rabbit - Children's Pets, Domestic rabbit - Companionship, Domestic rabbit - Acquiring a Rabbit, Domestic rabbit - Training and Play, Domestic rabbit - Breeds, Domestic rabbit - Exhibition, Domestic rabbit - Conformation shows, Domestic rabbit - Show jumping, Domestic rabbit - Housing, Domestic rabbit - Commercial rabbits, Domestic rabbit - Pet rabbits, Domestic rabbit - Health Problems, Domestic rabbit - Vaccinations Against Calici Virus and Myxomytosis, Domestic rabbit - Sore hocks, Domestic rabbit - Respiratory infections, Domestic rabbit - Head tilt or wry neck, Domestic rabbit - Teeth problems, Domestic rabbit - Gastrointestinal stasis, Domestic rabbit - Cancer, Domestic rabbit - Resources

Read more here: » Domestic rabbit: Encyclopedia II - Domestic rabbit - Health Problems

The term is derived from Greek: a = negative, men = month, rhoia = flow. Derived adjectives are amenorrhoeal and amenorrheic. The opposite is the normal menstrual period. There are two types of amenorrhoea, primary and secondary amenorrhoea. Primary amenorrhoea is the absence of menstruation in a woman by the age of 16. Also, as pubertal changes precede the first period, menarche, women who have no sign of thelarche or pubarche and thus are without evidence of iniation of puberty by the age of 14 have primary amenorrhoea. (Reference: Speroff L et al, C ...

See also:

Amenorrhoea, Amenorrhoea - Etymology and definition, Amenorrhoea - Overview, Amenorrhoea - Classification, Amenorrhoea - Causes, Amenorrhoea - Primary amenorrhoea, Amenorrhoea - Secondary amenorrhoea, Amenorrhoea - Treatments, Amenorrhoea - History

Read more here: » Amenorrhoea: Encyclopedia II - Amenorrhoea - Etymology and definition

The term "anti-psychiatry" was first used by David Cooper in 1967, though opposition to either psychiatry in general, or its practices, predates this coinage; surrealism's opposition to psychiatry predates it by decades. R. D. Laing, a psychiatrist, has been very influential; another psychiatrist, Thomas Szasz, is equally important, but both rejected the label "anti-psychiatry". Other critics of psychiatry often associated with the anti-psychiatry movement include Dr. Peter Breggin, Dr. Elliott Valenstein, Bruce Levine, Douglas C. Smith and ...

See also:

Anti-psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Origins of anti-psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Arguments against anti-psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Responses, Anti-psychiatry - Variations in prevalence, Anti-psychiatry - Arguments from precedent, Anti-psychiatry - Insanity defense, Anti-psychiatry - Institutionalization and coercive treatment, Anti-psychiatry - Psychiatry a pseudo-science?, Anti-psychiatry - State of modern-day psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Parodies, Anti-psychiatry - Quotes

Read more here: » Anti-psychiatry: Encyclopedia II - Anti-psychiatry - Origins of anti-psychiatry

The game's characters are generally based on the inhabitants of Lewis Carroll's original novels, but they are not the same characters. Many of the characters are warped incarnations of their original selves. Among the notable: Alice: The main protaganist of the game. She's a demented, regretful teenager, and the future savior of Wonderland. After a fire destroys her home and kills her parents, she falls into a comatose state, and is commited to the Rutledge Asylum. It turns out that she has returned to Wonderland, only to ...

See also:

American McGee's Alice, American McGee's Alice - Characters, American McGee's Alice - Graphics, American McGee's Alice - Audio, American McGee's Alice - Weapons, American McGee's Alice - Movie adaptation

Read more here: » American McGee's Alice: Encyclopedia II - American McGee's Alice - Characters

Panadol, which is marketed in Europe, Asia and Australasia, is the most widely available brand, sold in over 80 countries. In North America, paracetamol is sold in generic form or under a number of trade names: for instance Tylenol (McNeil-PPC, Inc), Anacin-3 and Datril. In some formulations paracetamol is combined with the opioid codeine, sometimes referred to as co-codamol (BAN). In the United States and Canada, this is marketed under the name of Tylenol #1/2/3/4 and in the US is only available by prescription, ...

See also:

Paracetamol, Paracetamol - History, Paracetamol - Available forms, Paracetamol - Mechanism of action, Paracetamol - Metabolism, Paracetamol - Toxicity, Paracetamol - Overview, Paracetamol - Mechanism of toxicity, Paracetamol - Risk factors for toxicity, Paracetamol - Natural history, Paracetamol - Diagnosis, Paracetamol - Treatment

Read more here: » Paracetamol: Encyclopedia II - Paracetamol - Available forms

Methamphetamine was first synthesized in 1919 in Japan by the chemist A. Ogata. The method of synthesis was reduction of ephedrine using red phosphorus and iodine. Methamphetamine is closely related to amphetamine, which was first synthesized in the year 1887 by L. Edeleano, a German chemist. Over time, the chemical's use, distribution, and place in society changed from insignificant, to controversially beneficial, to infamous. Later use included its distribution by the Allies and the Axis to troops during World War II under the name ...

See also:

Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books

Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - History

All My Children - Current cast members. Julia Barr (Brooke English) Jeff Branson (Jonathan Lavery) Justin Bruening (Jamie Martin) Ian Buchanan (Dr. Greg Madden) David Canary (Adam Chandler/Stuart Chandler) Natalia Cigliuti (Anita Santos) Kate Collins (Janet Green Dillon) Bobbie Eakes (Krystal Carey Chandler) Colin Egglesfield (Joshua Madden) Connie Fletcher (Erin Lavery) Kelli Giddish (Di Henry) Alexa Havins ( ...

See also:

All My Children, All My Children - History, All My Children - Title sequences, All My Children - Cast, All My Children - Current cast members, All My Children - Recurring cast members, All My Children - Coming and going cast members, All My Children - Deceased cast members, All My Children - Celebrity guests, All My Children - Awards, All My Children - Daytime Emmy Awards, All My Children - Soap Opera Digest Awards, All My Children - Soapy Awards, All My Children - GLAAD Media Awards, All My Children - Gracie Allen Awards, All My Children - ALMA Awards, All My Children - Writers Guild of America Awards, All My Children - Young Artist Awards, All My Children - Spoofs

Read more here: » All My Children: Encyclopedia II - All My Children - Cast

Rape - Punishment of assailants. Most societies consider rape to be a grave offense, and punish it accordingly. Punishment for rape in most countries today is imprisonment, but until the late twentieth century, some states of the US, for instance, could apply the death penalty in cases of aggravated rape, indicating the severity with which the crime was viewed (the death penalty is still in use in countries with a significant social divide between the freedoms and status afforded to men and women). Castration is ...

See also:

Rape, Rape - History, Rape - Non-sexual usage of term, Rape - Law, Rape - Common law, Rape - English law, Rape - United States Uniform Crime Reports, Rape - Types of rape, Rape - Violent rape, Rape - Statutory rape, Rape - Acquaintance date rape, Rape - Male rape, Rape - Gang rape, Rape - Some aspects of rape, Rape - Drugging, Rape - Custodial and prison rape, Rape - Rape and sexual torture, Rape - Sex trafficking, Rape - Consent, Rape - Victim blaming, Rape - Sexual fantasy, Rape - Effects of rape, Rape - Medical emergency information, Rape - RAINN, Rape - Secondary Victimization, Rape - Rape and punishment, Rape - Punishment of assailants, Rape - Punishment of victims, Rape - Rape as punishment, Rape - Rape and human rights, Rape - Rapists, Rape - Rapist profiles, Rape - Warning signs, Rape - Reporting, Rape - Underreporting, Rape - Overreporting and false reporting, Rape - Sociobiological analysis of rape, Rape - The role of control and loss of privacy in rape, Rape - Quotes, Rape - Books and publications, Rape - Academic and reference books, Rape - Others

Read more here: » Rape: Encyclopedia II - Rape - Rape and punishment