Anhui

There is a fluid continuum between the Regular, Running, and Grass scripts, so it is possible to write in "Running-Regular" (行楷) as well as "Running-Grass" (行草). Characters are often written in ancient variations that deviate from the modern standards used in Chinese, Japanese, or Korean. Modern variations or simplifications of characters, akin to Japanese shinjitai or Chinese simplified characters, are occasionally used, especially since some simplified forms derive from grass script shapes in the first place. As katakana are derived from regular script shapes and hiragana from characters in the gra ...

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East Asian calligraphy, East Asian calligraphy - Styles, East Asian calligraphy - Regular Script, East Asian calligraphy - Running Script, East Asian calligraphy - Grass Script, East Asian calligraphy - Clerical Script, East Asian calligraphy - Seal Script, East Asian calligraphy - Edomoji, East Asian calligraphy - Tools, East Asian calligraphy - Paper, East Asian calligraphy - Ink, East Asian calligraphy - Brush, East Asian calligraphy - Inkstone, East Asian calligraphy - Paperweight, East Asian calligraphy - Desk pad, East Asian calligraphy - Seal, East Asian calligraphy - Study, East Asian calligraphy - Education, East Asian calligraphy - Example of calligraphy creation, East Asian calligraphy - Noted calligraphers, East Asian calligraphy - China, East Asian calligraphy - Japan

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Sima Rui was born in 276 in the then-Jin capital Luoyang, as the son of Sima Jin (司馬覲) the Prince of Langye and his wife Princess Xiahou Wenji (夏侯文姬). (The Wei Shu claimed that he was not Prince Jin's biological son but the product of an affair that Princess Xiahou had, but provided no real evidence, and the claim should be considered suspect.) His father died in 290, and he became the Prince of Langye. He was ...

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Emperor Yuan of Jin, Emperor Yuan of Jin - Early career, Emperor Yuan of Jin - After the fall of Luoyang, Emperor Yuan of Jin - Early reign, Emperor Yuan of Jin - Confrontation with Wang Dun, Emperor Yuan of Jin - Era names, Emperor Yuan of Jin - Personal information

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Cao Cao - Early life. Cao Cao was born in the county of Qiao (譙, present day Bozhou, Anhui) in 155. His father Cao Song (曹嵩) was a foster son of Cao Teng (曹騰), who in turn was one of the favorite eunuchs of Emperor Huan. Some historical records, including Biography of Cao Man, claim that Cao Song was originally surnamed Xiahou (thus making Cao Cao a cousin of Xiahou Dun and Xiahou Yuan, two of his most prominent generals). In Romance of the Three Kingdoms , it states that Cao Cao's father was origianlly a Xiahou and ...

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Cao Cao, Cao Cao - Life, Cao Cao - Early life, Cao Cao - Alliance against Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao - The three kingdoms, Cao Cao - Major battles, Cao Cao - Battle of Yanzhou, Cao Cao - Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao - Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao - Other contributions, Cao Cao - Agriculture and education, Cao Cao - Poetry, Cao Cao - Cao Cao in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao - Escape from Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao - Escape through Huarong Trail, Cao Cao - Death of Cao Cao and Hua Tuo, Cao Cao - Cao Cao in opera, Cao Cao - The Cao clan, Cao Cao - Direct male descendants, Cao Cao - Extended family, Cao Cao - Reference

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Initially known as Fudan Public School or Fudan College in 1905. The two Chinese characters Fudan (復旦) were chosen by the distinguished educator in modern Chinese history, Ma Xiangbo (马相伯), from the Confucian Classics (《尚书大传·虞夏传》): "Itinerant as the twilight, sun glows and moon luminesces". In 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution the college was taken up as the headquarters of the Guang ...

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Fudan University, Fudan University - History, Fudan University - Present, Fudan University - Notable alumni, Fudan University - External link

Read more here: » Fudan University: Encyclopedia II - Fudan University - History

Emperor Cheng of Jin - Yu Liang's regency. Initially, the officials were in charge together, but as Empress Dowager Yu became regent, Yu Liang became effectively the most powerful official in the administration. He changed from the lenient policies of Wang (who was prime minister during Emperor Ming's reign) to stricter applications of laws and regulations, which offended the officials accustomed to Wang's lenience. Further, he became apprehensive of the generals Tao Kan and Zu Yue (祖約) -- neither of whom was ...

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Emperor Cheng of Jin, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Family background, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Reign, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Yu Liang's regency, Emperor Cheng of Jin - The Su Jun Disturbance, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Wang Dao's regency, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Late reign, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Era names, Emperor Cheng of Jin - Personal information

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Chinese art - Neolithic pottery. Early forms of art in China are found in the Neolithic Yangshao culture (仰韶文化), which dates back to the 6th millennium BC. Archeological findings such as those at Banpo have revealed that the Yangshao made pottery; early ceramics were unpainted and most often cord-marked. The first decorations were fish and human faces, but these eventually ev ...

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Chinese art, Chinese art - Historical development to 221 BC, Chinese art - Neolithic pottery, Chinese art - Jade culture, Chinese art - Bronze casting, Chinese art - Early Chinese music, Chinese art - Early Chinese poetry, Chinese art - Chu and Southern culture, Chinese art - Early imperial China 221 BC–AD 220, Chinese art - Qin sculpture, Chinese art - Pottery, Chinese art - Han poetry, Chinese art - Han architecture, Chinese art - Other Han art, Chinese art - Period of division 220–581, Chinese art - Influence of Buddhism, Chinese art - Secular culture, Chinese art - Poetry, Chinese art - Calligraphy, Chinese art - Painting, Chinese art - The Sui and Tang dynasties 581–960, Chinese art - Buddhist architecture and sculpture, Chinese art - Golden age of Chinese poetry, Chinese art - Li Po and Du Fu, Chinese art - Late Tang poetry, Chinese art - Painting, Chinese art - The Song and Yuan dynasties 960–1368, Chinese art - Song poetry, Chinese art - Song painting, Chinese art - Yuan drama, Chinese art - Yuan painting, Chinese art - Late imperial China 1368–1895, Chinese art - Ming Poetry, Chinese art - Ming prose, Chinese art - Ming painting, Chinese art - Qing drama, Chinese art - Qing poetry, Chinese art - Early Qing painting, Chinese art - Decorative arts, Chinese art - Qing fiction, Chinese art - Modern Chinese art, Chinese art - Painting, Chinese art - Poetry, Chinese art - Influence of the West, Chinese art - People's arts, Chinese art - Contemporary art since 1979, Chinese art - Performing arts, Chinese art - Visual arts, Chinese art - Unsorted, Chinese art - Performing arts, Chinese art - Visual arts

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As emperor, Sun Xiu was known for being tolerant of differing opinions, as well as his studiousness. However, he did not appear to be a particularly capable emperor, either in military or domestic matters, and he entrusted most of the important affairs to Zhang and Puyang Xing (濮陽興), neither of whom was particularly capable either. Both were also moderately corrupt. The government was therefore not efficient or effective. For example, in 260, at Puyang's suggestion, a costly project was started to create an artificial lake known as the ...

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Sun Xiu, Sun Xiu - Early life, Sun Xiu - Sun Xiu's killing of Sun Lin, Sun Xiu - Reign, Sun Xiu - Era name, Sun Xiu - Personal information

Read more here: » Sun Xiu: Encyclopedia II - Sun Xiu - Reign

Sun Liang - Zhuge Ke's regency. Prior to his death, Sun Quan had selected Zhuge Jin's son Zhuge Ke as the regent for Sun Liang, at the endorsement of his trusted assistant Sun Jun (a great-grandson of his uncle Sun Jing (孫靜)). The people of the empire also greatly admired Zhuge Ke, as he was already known for his military and diplomatic successes involving the indigenous Yue and for his quick wit. However, Sun's only reservation -- that Zhuge was arrogant and had overly high opinion of his own abilities ...

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Sun Liang, Sun Liang - Early life, Sun Liang - Reign, Sun Liang - Zhuge Ke's regency, Sun Liang - Sun Jun's regency, Sun Liang - Sun Lin's regency, Sun Liang - Removal, Sun Liang - After removal, Sun Liang - Era names, Sun Liang - Personal information

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Due to the large and varied characteristics of China itself, a multitude of different regional and other (e.g. religious) styles can be identified in the larger complex of Chinese cuisine: Chinese cuisine - Regions of mainland China. Cuisine name derives from province or region except where indicated Northwestern Chinese cuisine Mandarin cuisine Jiang-Huai cuisine Northeastern Chinese cuisine Cantonese cuisine (Guangdong province) See also:

Chinese cuisine, Chinese cuisine - Varieties, Chinese cuisine - Regions of mainland China, Chinese cuisine - Other regions, Chinese cuisine - Other categories, Chinese cuisine - Typical dishes, Chinese cuisine - Other East Asian cuisines, Chinese cuisine - Chinese cuisine in diaspora, Chinese cuisine - Contemporary trends, Chinese cuisine - Note, Chinese cuisine - Reference

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There is no direct translation for the term China proper in the Chinese language. China proper no longer corresponds to ethnic, demographic, or administrative boundaries in China, and the concept is generally unfamiliar to contemporary Chinese; moreover, the concept of "China proper" may imply that China proper is "separate" from Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, or Tibet, or that areas outside of China proper are somehow less a part of China; many Chinese would find this idea offensive. Contemporary Chinese usually think in terms of modern political divisions of China, which do not correspond ...

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China proper, China proper - Extent of China and China proper, China proper - The term in Chinese, China proper - Taiwan

Read more here: » China proper: Encyclopedia II - China proper - The term in Chinese

Pork, rice, soy are very common ingredients, as with many Chinese cuisines. Beef is far less common, and some Taiwanese (particularly the elderly generation) still refrain from eating it. This is in part due to a traditional reluctance to slaughtering precious cattle needed for agriculture, and an emotional attachment to such beasts of labour. Taiwan's cuisine has also been influenced by its geographic location. Living on a crowded island, the Taiwanese had to look aside from the farmlands for sources of protein. As a result, seafood ...

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Taiwanese cuisine, Taiwanese cuisine - Ingredients and culture, Taiwanese cuisine - Famous dishes and snacks in each of the main cities, Taiwanese cuisine - Dasi, Taiwanese cuisine - Taichung, Taiwanese cuisine - Tainan, Taiwanese cuisine - Typical dishes, Taiwanese cuisine - Desserts, Taiwanese cuisine - Night market dishes

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Cao Pi - Failure to take advantage of the conflict between Liu Bei and Sun Quan. After news of Cao Pi's ascension (and an accompanying false rumor that Cao had executed Emperor Xian) arrived in Liu Bei's domain of Yi Province (益州, modern Sichuan and Chongqing), Liu Bei declared himself emperor as well, establishing Shu Han. Sun Quan, who controlled the vast majority of modern southeastern and southern China, did not take any affirmative ste ...

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Cao Pi, Cao Pi - Family background and early career, Cao Pi - Events of 220: inheritance of his father's position and seizure of the imperial throne, Cao Pi - As emperor of Cao Wei, Cao Pi - Failure to take advantage of the conflict between Liu Bei and Sun Quan, Cao Pi - Domestic matters, Cao Pi - Marriage and succession issues, Cao Pi - Era name, Cao Pi - Personal information

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Initial surname Chen was from Gui (Chinese:媯, pinyin: Gūi), which was an ancient Chinese surname of descendants of Emperor Shun, who was one of the Three August Ones and the Five Emperors. When King Wu of Zhou established Zhou Dynasty, he gave the Land of Chen to the descendants to established their own state. To show his respect for Emperor Shun, the new state, which was also named by Chen, was one of the Three Guest States of Zhou (Chinese:三恪, pinyin: Sān Kè), which meant this nation was not the subordinate, but the guest of Zhou. However, this state was occupied by Chu after 10th Century BC. Since then, the people of this s ...

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Chen surname, Chen surname - History, Chen surname - Other variations, Chen surname - Prominent people, Chen surname - Fictional characters with surname Chen, Chen surname - Other meanings of Chen

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Chen Duxiu - Chronological life. Oct 1879 to Oct 1901: Early life and education. Oct 1910 to Sep 1915: Planned the 1911 Revolution. Sep 1915 to Apr 1920: Became an influential figure in the May Fourth Movement. Apr 1920 to Jan 1924: Established the Communist Party of China. Jan 1924 to Jul 1927: Worked for the revolution and reformation in China. Jul 1927 to Oct 1932: Dismissed from leadership of party, Changed from supporting Liquidationism to Trotskyism. < ...

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Chen Duxiu, Chen Duxiu - Biography, Chen Duxiu - Chronological life, Chen Duxiu - Early Life., Chen Duxiu - The Founding of the Chinese Communist Party., Chen Duxiu - A Party in Turmoil., Chen Duxiu - Literary Work, Chen Duxiu - Media Experience, Chen Duxiu - Crisis with Cai Yuanpei, Chen Duxiu - Crisis with Hu Shih, Chen Duxiu - Anti-Confucianism, Chen Duxiu - Chen's contribution to Chinese journalism, Chen Duxiu - Reference

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Chinese makes a very strong distinction between written language (文 wén) and spoken language (语[語] yǔ), and Chinese tend to conceptualize the variations of Chinese as different spoken languages sharing a common written standard and literary and cultural tradition. Within Chinese, there is a collective term for the Chinese written language (中文 zhōngwén), while there is no collective term that encompasses all of the variations of the spoken language. Terms used to describe spoken Chinese, such as 汉语 hànyǔ or 国语 guóyǔ refer only to one specific variation of spoken Chinese, ...

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Spoken Chinese, Spoken Chinese - Classification, Spoken Chinese - Sociolinguistics of spoken variations of Chinese, Spoken Chinese - Examples of variations

Read more here: » Spoken Chinese: Encyclopedia II - Spoken Chinese - Classification

Sun Li-jen was born in Jinnu Town, Lujiang County, Anhui province, with ancestry in Shucheng County. During the May Fourth Movement, he was part of the Scouts in the march at Tiananmen Square. In the same year (1919) he married Gong Xitao (龔夕濤) and was admitted in 1920 to Tsinghua University to study civil engineering. He transfered to Purdue University in the United States to complete his senior year in 1923, where he graduated in 1925. But in the United States, ideological zeal motivated him to dramatically change vocations and pursu ...

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Sun Li-jen, Sun Li-jen - Early life, Sun Li-jen - Second Sino-Japanese War, Sun Li-jen - In Taiwan

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Recent biographies of Cixi usually state that she was the daughter of a low-ranking Manchu official, Huizheng (惠征), of the Yehe-Nara clan, serving in Shanxi province and then in Anhui province. Her mother, the principal wife of Huizheng, was the Lady Fuca, of the Manchu Fuca clan. Recent biographies are unable to decide where exactly Cixi was born. She is supposed to have spent most of her early life in Anhui (after a brief period in Shanxi), and then moved to Peking at an unknown age between her third and her fifteenth birthday. Accordi ...

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Empress Dowager Cixi, Empress Dowager Cixi - Youth, Empress Dowager Cixi - Names, Empress Dowager Cixi - Road to power, Empress Dowager Cixi - Regency under Tongzhi, Empress Dowager Cixi - Securing absolute power, Empress Dowager Cixi - Crisis with Guangxu, Empress Dowager Cixi - Overview of politics, Empress Dowager Cixi - Tomb, Empress Dowager Cixi - Historical opinion, Empress Dowager Cixi - Reference

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Sun Ce - Early life and career. Born in 175, Sun Ce was the eldest among four sons of Sun Jian, a military general loyal to the emperor of the Han Dynasty. In 190, a year after Emperor Ling died, the warlord Dong Zhuo usurped power, placing in the throne the puppet Emperor Xian. Regional warlords in eastern China then formed a coalition against Dong Zhuo. Sun Jian rendered his service to Yuan Shu, one of the leaders of the coalition. The attempt to oust Dong Zhuo soon failed and China slid into a series of massiv ...

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Sun Ce, Sun Ce - Life, Sun Ce - Early life and career, Sun Ce - A kingdom's beginning, Sun Ce - Late life, Sun Ce - Dispute over cause of death, Sun Ce - Miscellaneous, Sun Ce - Dynasty Warriors, Sun Ce - Notes, Sun Ce - Reference

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Li Sheng was an orphan who was adopted by the Wu prince Yang Xingmi. He was then adopted by Xu Wen, the Prime Minister of Wu and was renamed Xu Zhigao. Upon Xu Wen's death, he took over power in Wu, and was made a prince of Qi. In 937 he proclaimed himself emperor. In 940, he changed his name back to Li Sheng and renamed the state to Tang (history would refer to it as Southern Tang). The state was relatively large and prosperous compared to the other Ten States of that period. Li Sheng rule was comparatively stable and prosperous. Li Jing took o ...

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Southern Tang, Southern Tang - History, Southern Tang - Rulers

Read more here: » Southern Tang: Encyclopedia II - Southern Tang - History

Suzhou, the cradle of Wu culture, is one of the oldest towns in the Yangtze Basin. 2500 years ago, local tribes who named themselves "Gou Wu" in the late Shang Dynasty lived in the area which would become Suzhou. In 514 BC, during the Spring and Autumn Period, King Helu (阖闾) of Wu established "Great City of Helu", the ancient name for Suzhou, as his capital. In 496 BC, Helu was buried in Huqiu (Tiger Hill). In 473 BC, Wu was defeated by Yue, another kingdom to the east that was soon annexed by Chu in 306 BC. ...

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Suzhou, Suzhou - History, Suzhou - Districts and satellite cities, Suzhou - Landmarks, Suzhou - Transportation, Suzhou - Culture, Suzhou - Notable people from Suzhou, Suzhou - Quotes, Suzhou - Education

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The land of Jing was inhabited by the native Chu people. The early Chu state was ruled by an aristocracy with close affinity to the Zhou kings, with its capital at Danyang. Prior to the dissolution of Zhou's power, the territory was transferred by authority of the Zhoucheng King of Eastern Zhou to Xiong Yi. In its early years, Chu was a successful expansionist and militaristic state. Chu developed a reputation for coercing and absorbing its allies. Chu grew from a small, dependent state into a large empire worthy of contention, ...

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Chu state, Chu state - History, Chu state - Culture, Chu state - Famous people

Read more here: » Chu state: Encyclopedia II - Chu state - History

The provinces of China were first set up during the Yuan Dynasty. There were initially 10 provinces. By the time of the Qing Dynasty there were 18, all of which were in China proper. These were: Anhui Fujian Gansu Guangdong Guangxi Guizhou Henan Hubei Hunan Jiangsu Jiangxi Shaanxi Shandong Shanxi Sichuan Y ...

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Province of China, Province of China - Alternative meanings, Province of China - List and map, Province of China - History, Province of China - Various facts about the provinces

Read more here: » Province of China: Encyclopedia II - Province of China - History