Ancient Egypt was a civilization along the Lower Nile, reaching from the Nile Delta in the north as far south as Jebel Barkal at the time of its greatest extension (15th century BC). It lasted for three millennia, from circa 3200 BC to 343 BC, ending with the conquest of Alexander the Great. As a civilization based on irrigation it is the quintessential example of a hydraulic empire. Ancient Egypt - Geography. Most of Egypt is in North Africa; though the Sinai Peninsula is in Southwest Asia. The coun ...

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Ancient Egypt - Geography Ancient Egypt - People Ancient Egypt - History Ancient Egypt - Government Ancient Egypt - Language
Ancient Egypt - Writing Ancient Egypt - Literature
Ancient Egypt - Culture Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements
Ancient Egypt - Timeline Ancient Egypt - Open problems
Ancient Egypt - Notes

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Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt - Geography, Ancient Egypt - People, Ancient Egypt - History, Ancient Egypt - Government, Ancient Egypt - Language, Ancient Egypt - Writing, Ancient Egypt - Literature, Ancient Egypt - Culture, Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements, Ancient Egypt - Timeline, Ancient Egypt - Open problems, Ancient Egypt - Notes

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See Predynastic Egypt for inventions and other significant achievements in the Sahara region before the Protodynastic Period. The art and science of engineering was present in Egypt, such as accurately determining the position of points and the distances between them (known as surveying). These skills were used to outline pyramid bases. The Egyptian pyramids took the geometric shape formed from a polygonal base and a point, called the apex, by triangular faces. Hydraulic Cement was first invented by the Egyptians. The Al Fayyum Irriga ...

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Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt - Geography, Ancient Egypt - People, Ancient Egypt - History, Ancient Egypt - Government, Ancient Egypt - Language, Ancient Egypt - Writing, Ancient Egypt - Literature, Ancient Egypt - Culture, Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements, Ancient Egypt - Timeline, Ancient Egypt - Open problems, Ancient Egypt - Notes

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Ancient Egypt was a civilization along the Lower Nile, reaching from the Nile Delta in the north as far south as Jebel Barkal at the time of its greatest extension (15th century BC). It lasted for three millennia, from circa 3200 BC to 343 BC, ending with the conquest of Alexander the Great. As a civilization based on irrigation it is the quintessential example of a hydraulic empire. Ancient Egypt - Geography. Most of Egypt is in North Africa; though the Sinai Peninsula is in Southwest Asia. The coun ...

Including:

Ancient Egypt - Geography Ancient Egypt - People Ancient Egypt - History Ancient Egypt - Government Ancient Egypt - Language
Ancient Egypt - Literature
Ancient Egypt - Culture Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements
Ancient Egypt - Timeline Ancient Egypt - Open problems
Ancient Egypt - Notes

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Sebakh (Arabic, (IPA: /sε'bɔk/, and less commonly transliterated as sebbakh) is an Aramaic word which translates to "dry land" in English. This term is used to described decomposed organic material that can be employed both as an agricultural fertilizer and as a fuel for fires. A common practice in Egypt, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, was for farmers to obtain government permits to remove this material from ancient mounds; a mound ...

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Located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, Alexandria (in Arabic, الإسكندرية, transliterated al-ʼIskandariyyah) is the chief seaport in Egypt, and that country's second largest city, and the capital of the Al Iskandariyah governate. It is located at 31°12′N 29°15′E, 208 km (129 miles) northwest of Cairo. The Canopic mouth of the Nile (now dry) was 19 km (12 miles) east, near the ancient city of Canopus ...

Including:

Alexandria - History
Alexandria - Founding Alexandria - Roman jurisdiction Alexandria - After Amr Alexandria - The 1800s Alexandria - Bombardment of 1882 Alexandria - Under British control
Alexandria - Geography
Alexandria - Layout of the ancient city Alexandria - The modern city
Alexandria - Ancient remains Alexandria - Antiquities

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Beni Hasan (or Bani Hasan, or also Beni-Hassan) is a village in Middle Egypt about 25 km south of Al Minya (or Minieh), on the east bank of the Nile, with remarkable catacombs that have been excavated. During the Middle Kingdom, it was the centre of the cult of Pakhet. There are 39 ancient tombs here of Middle Kingdom nomarchs of the Oryx nome, who governed from Hebenu. Due to the quality of, and distance to the cliffs in the west, these tombs were constructed on the east bank, but are ...

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A governor is also a device that regulates the speed of a machine. See Governor (device). A governor is a governing official, usually in chief (at least nominally, to different degrees also politically and administratively) of a non-sovereign level of government, ranking under the head of state; furthermore the title applies to officials with a similar mandate as representatives of a chartered company which has been granted exercise of sovereignty, even with its own armed forces, in a colonial area, often both colonizing and exploiting, sometimes a major state within the sta ...

Including:

Governor - Etymology Governor - Pre-Roman empires
Governor - Egypt Governor - Mesopotamia and beyond Governor - Pre- & hellenistic satraps
Governor - Roman empires and legacy
Governor - In ancient Rome Governor - Byzantium Governor - Legacy
Governor - Holy Roman/ Habsburg Empires and successor states Governor - Turkish rule Governor - British Empire and Commonwealth
Governor - Colonial style Governor - New style
Governor - Russia and former Soviet Union Governor - Other Colonial empires Governor - Other modern Asian countries
Governor - People's Republic of China Governor - Philippines
Governor - Other modern countries in the Americas
Governor - United States Governor - Mexico Governor - Brazil Governor - South America
Governor - Other European countries and empires
Governor - Benelux monarchies Governor - France & Napoleon Governor - Italy Governor - Papal & Vatican particularity Governor - Scandinavia
Governor - Other modern African countries Governor - Modern equivalents Governor - Furthermore the word has other meanings

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There were many different cultures in the Ancient Near East with different languages, different cultures, different religions, and differing mythologies. The religion of Ancient Mesopotamians (Sumer, Akkad, Assyria, Elam) is treated under Mesopotamian mythology. For the religion of Ancient Egypt, see Egyptian mythology. The early Hittite religion bore traits descended from Proto-Indo-European religion, but the later Hittite religions becomes more and more assimilated to Assyria. The religion of the ancient Minoans. Ancient Greek religion, Greek Mythology. The Myster ...

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Religions of the Ancient Near East, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Overview, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Ancient Near East Pagan Cultures, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Common threads, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Purification and cleansing, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Offerings sacrifices and libations, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Large pantheons, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Religions tied to governments, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Forms of Divination, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Magic incantations charms and amulets, Religions of the Ancient Near East - Neopagan movements

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World Heritage Site - Pre-convention. In 1959, the government of Egypt decided to build the Aswan High Dam, an event that would flood a valley containing treasures of ancient civilization such as the Abu Simbel temples. UNESCO then launched a worldwide safeguarding campaign, despite appeals from the governments of Egypt and Sudan. The Abu Simbel and Philae temples were taken apart, moved to a higher ...

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World Heritage Site, World Heritage Site - History, World Heritage Site - Pre-convention, World Heritage Site - Convention and background, World Heritage Site - Nominating process, World Heritage Site - Selection criteria, World Heritage Site - Statistics, World Heritage Site - Lists of World Heritage Sites

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World Heritage Site - Pre-Convention. In 1959, the government of Egypt decided to build the Aswan High Dam, an event that would flood a valley containing treasures of ancient civilization such as the Abu Simbel temples. UNESCO then launched a worldwide safeguarding campaign, despite appeals from the governments of Egypt and Sudan. The Abu Simbel and Philae temples were taken apart, moved to a higher ...

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World Heritage Site, World Heritage Site - History, World Heritage Site - Pre-Convention, World Heritage Site - Convention and Background, World Heritage Site - Nominating Process, World Heritage Site - Selection Criteria, World Heritage Site - List of World Heritage Sites

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The many other, often new or split, provinces are under governors of various other -younger, usually less prestigious- styles : Comes, Praefectus Augustalis (unique to Egypt, the emperor's 'pharaonic crown domain'), Consularis, Praeses (provinciae), Corrector provinciae; these are not to be confused with the also territorially organised (but overlapping) and strictly military governors: Comes militaris, Dux, and later Magister Militum. Provinces that have been governed by a proconsul include: Achaea, Africa, Asia (see above for a ...

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Proconsul, Proconsul - In ancient Rome's empire, Proconsul - By analogy

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Ancient Syria's cultural and artistic achievements and contributions are many. Archaeologists have discovered extensive writings and evidence of a brilliant culture rivaling those of Mesopotamia and Egypt in and around the ancient city of Ebla. Later Syrian scholars and artists contributed to Hellenistic and Roman thought and culture. Zeno of Sidon founded the Epicurean school; Cicero was a pupil of Antiochus of Ascalon at Athens; and the writings of Posidonius of Apa ...

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Syria, Syria - Name, Syria - History, Syria - French occupation, Syria - Independence to 1970, Syria - 1970 to 2005, Syria - 2000 to 2005, Syria - The events from 2005, Syria - Politics, Syria - Government, Syria - Governorates, Syria - Geography, Syria - Economy, Syria - Demographics, Syria - Culture, Syria - Holidays, Syria - Fairs and festivals, Syria - Miscellaneous topics

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Ancient Syria's cultural and artistic achievements and contributions are many. Archaeologists have discovered extensive writings and evidence of a brilliant culture rivaling those of Mesopotamia and Egypt in and around the ancient city of Ebla. Later Syrian scholars and artists contributed to Hellenistic and Roman thought and culture. Zeno of Sidon founded the Epicurean school; Cicero was a pupil of Antiochus o ...

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Syria, Syria - Name, Syria - History, Syria - French occupation, Syria - Independence to 1970, Syria - 1970 to 2005, Syria - 2000 to 2005, Syria - The events from 2005, Syria - Politics, Syria - Government, Syria - Governorates, Syria - Geography, Syria - Economy, Syria - Demographics, Syria - Culture, Syria - Holidays, Syria - Fairs and festivals, Syria - Miscellaneous topics

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Throughout history there have always been leaders who have fostered adulation. For much of premodern times, absolute monarchies were the dominant form of government, and monarchs were almost always held in enormous reverence. Through the principle of the divine right of kings, rulers were said to hold office by the will of God, and thus criticism of any leader was interpreted not only as treason but also as blasphemy. Many leaders of the Roman Empire and Hellenistic Greece displayed features of today's cults of personality, as did Imperial China, with ancient Egypt especially noted for ...

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Cult of personality, Cult of personality - History, Cult of personality - Characteristics, Cult of personality - Examples

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Throughout history there have always been leaders who have fostered adulation. Many leaders of the Roman Empire and Hellenistic Greece displayed features of today's cults of personality, as did Imperial China, with ancient Egypt especially noted for elevating monarchs to the status of god-kings. For much of premodern times, absolute monarchies were the dominant form of government, and monarchs were almost always held in enormous reverence. Through the principle of the divine right of kings, rulers were said to hold office by the will of God, which demonstrates the poten ...

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Cult of personality, Cult of personality - History, Cult of personality - Characteristics, Cult of personality - Examples

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Although the legal and administrative framework of provinces, each administrated by a governor, was created by the Romans, the term governor has been a convenient term for historians to use in describing similar systems in antiquity. Indeed, many regions of the pre-Roman antiquity were ultimately replaced by Roman 'standardized' provincial governments after their conquest by Rome. Governor - Egypt. In Pharaonic times, the governors of each of dozens of provinces in the kingdoms of Upper and Lo ...

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Governor, Governor - Etymology, Governor - Pre-Roman empires, Governor - Egypt, Governor - Mesopotamia and beyond, Governor - Pre- & hellenistic satraps, Governor - Roman empires and legacy, Governor - In ancient Rome, Governor - Byzantium, Governor - Legacy, Governor - Holy Roman/ Habsburg Empires and successor states, Governor - Turkish rule, Governor - British Empire and Commonwealth, Governor - Colonial style, Governor - New style, Governor - Russia and former Soviet Union, Governor - Other Colonial empires, Governor - Other modern Asian countries, Governor - People's Republic of China, Governor - Philippines, Governor - Other modern countries in the Americas, Governor - United States, Governor - Mexico, Governor - Brazil, Governor - South America, Governor - Other European countries and empires, Governor - Benelux monarchies, Governor - France & Napoleon, Governor - Italy, Governor - Papal & Vatican particularity, Governor - Scandinavia, Governor - Other modern African countries, Governor - Modern equivalents, Governor - Furthermore the word has other meanings

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Main article: Economic history of Africa Before the advent of the Roman Empire, Ancient Egypt had been one of the most prosperous and advanced civilizations on Earth. The port of Alexandria (founded by Alexander the Great in 334 BC) was one of the hubs for Mediterranean trade for many centuries. Well into the 19th century, Egypt remained one of the most developed parts of the world outside Europe. South of the Sahara conditions were very different. Internal trade within the continent, being cut off by thick forests and m ...

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Economy of Africa, Economy of Africa - Regional variation, Economy of Africa - Variation, Economy of Africa - By country, Economy of Africa - History, Economy of Africa - Economic sectors, Economy of Africa - Agriculture, Economy of Africa - Mining and drilling, Economy of Africa - Manufacturing, Economy of Africa - Investment and banking, Economy of Africa - Determinants, Economy of Africa - Geography, Economy of Africa - Disease, Economy of Africa - Colonialism, Economy of Africa - Borders, Economy of Africa - Language issues, Economy of Africa - Governance, Economy of Africa - Civil and international wars, Economy of Africa - Foreign trade, Economy of Africa - Effects of widespread poverty, Economy of Africa - Attempts at promoting growth, Economy of Africa - Socialism, Economy of Africa - Liberalism, Economy of Africa - Autarky, Economy of Africa - Foreign aid, Economy of Africa - Debt relief, Economy of Africa - Central banks and currencies

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Economic affairs in Cyprus are dominated by the division of the country due to the Turkish occupation of the north part of the island. The Cypriot economy is prosperous and has diversified in recent years. Cyprus has been sought as a basis for several offshore businesses, due to its highly developed infrastructure. Economic policy of the Cyprus government has focused on meeting the criteria for admission to the European Union. Recently, oil has been discovered in the sea South of Cyprus (between Cyprus and Egypt) and talks are ...

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Cyprus, Cyprus - Terminology, Cyprus - History, Cyprus - Prehistoric and Ancient Cyprus, Cyprus - Post-Classical and Modern Cyprus, Cyprus - Geography, Cyprus - Districts, Cyprus - Politics, Cyprus - Political division, Cyprus - Exclaves and enclaves, Cyprus - Reunification the Annan Plan and EU entry, Cyprus - Economy, Cyprus - Demographics, Cyprus - Education, Cyprus - Personalities, Cyprus - Educational Institutes, Cyprus - Miscellaneous

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Anthropologists have found that marriage everywhere is governed (often informally) by rules of exogamy (one must marry outside of one's group) and endogamy (one must marry within one's own group). What is considered a group, for purposes of either exogamy or endogamy, varies considerably. Thus, in most stratified societies one must marry outside of one's nuclear family (exogamy) but should marry a member of one's own class, race or religion (endogamy). In this example, the exogamous group is small and the endogamous group is large. But in some societies, the exogamous group and endogamous group may be of equal size. This is the c ...

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Incest, Incest - Incest and inbreeding, Incest - Incest versus exogamy, Incest - Industrial societies, Incest - Consensual adult incest, Incest - History, Incest - Ancient Egypt, Incest - Royal dynasties, Incest - In religious traditions, Incest - In mythology, Incest - In religion, Incest - Fiction, Incest - Genetics

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