Encyclopedia - Chinese Literature: Encyclopedia - Chinese Literature
List of Chinese authors, List of Taiwanese authors, List of Hong Kong authors, Chinese classic texts, Chinese art, Chinese language, Chi...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Ancient Medicine: Ayurveda Ayurvedic Dictionary On Chinese And Greek
ANCIENT MEDICINE: CHINESE AND GREEK   Chinese According to the ancient Chinese system of philosophy, the human body is governed ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Warfare - Cultures
Ancient warfare - Chinese. Main article: Military history of China Ancient China during the Shang Dynasty was a Bronze Age society ba...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Warfare: Encyclopedia - Ancient Warfare
Ancient warfare is war as conducted from the beginnings of history to the end of the ancient period. In Europe, the end of antiquity is o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Timeline Of Chinese History: Encyclopedia - Timeline Of Chinese History
The following is a timeline of the history of China: For a summary table of the dynasties in Chinese history and their dates, check here....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia - History Of China
China is one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with written records dating back 3,500 years. Turtle shells with marki...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Santorini: Encyclopedia - Santorini
Santorini (Greek Σαντορίνη) is a small, circular group of volcanic islands located in the Aegean Sea, about 200 km south-east fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mummy: Encyclopedia - Mummy
A mummy is a corpse whose skin and flesh have been preserved by deliberate or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold or dryness, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Philosophy: Encyclopedia - Ancient Philosophy
This page lists some links to ancient philosophy. In Europe, the spread of Christianity through the Roman world marked the end of Helleni...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hell: Encyclopedia - Hell
Hell is, according to many religious beliefs, a place or a state of painful suffering. The English word 'hell' comes from the Teutonic 'H...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Systems Of Measurement: Encyclopedia - Systems Of Measurement
Metric systems of units have evolved since the adoption of the first well-defined system in France in 1791. During this evolution the use...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tattoo: Encyclopedia - Tattoo
A tattoo is an indelible design or marking made by the insertion of a pigment into punctures or cuts in the skin. In technical terms, tat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Blood: Encyclopedia - Blood
Blood is a circulating tissue composed of fluid plasma and cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets). Medical terms related t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bell Instrument: Encyclopedia - Bell Instrument
A bell is a simple sound-making device. The bell is a percussion instrument and an idiophone. Its form is usually an open-ended hollow dr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Love: Encyclopedia - Love
Love has several different meanings in English, from something that gives a little pleasure ("I loved that meal") to something one would ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alchemy: Encyclopedia - Alchemy
Alchemy is an early protoscientific and philosophical discipline combining the elements of chemistry, metallurgy, physics, medicine, astr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Warfare - Overview
The difference between prehistoric and ancient warfare is less one of technology than of organization. The development of first city-stat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Philosophy - Classical
Ancient philosophy - Greek. Pericles (495-429) Aspasia (469-406) Socrates(469-399) Euclid of Megara (450-380) Antisthenes (445-360) Ar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Philosophy - Vedic Philosophy
In the east, Indian philosophy begins with the Vedas where questions related to laws of nature, the origin of the universe and the place ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Warfare - Tactics And Weapons
Ancient warfare - Strategy. Ancient strategy focused broadly on the twin goals of making continued war seem more costly than submitting...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yangqin: Encyclopedia Ii - Yangqin - Origins
There are varying opinions of how the instrument was introduced to China. There are various explanations of infiltration by land, through...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Ancient Histories
Archaeological sites such as Sanxingdui (三星堆) and Erlitou (二里頭) show evidence of a Bronze Age civilization in China. The earl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Ancient Histories
Archaeological sites such as Sanxingdui (三星堆) and Erlitou (二里頭) show evidence of a Bronze Age civilization in China. The earl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Santorini: Encyclopedia Ii - Santorini - Ancient Volcanic Eruption
The devastating volcanic eruption of Thira has become the most famous single event in the Aegean before the fall of Troy. The eruption wo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mummy: Encyclopedia Ii - Mummy - Mummies In Other Civilizations
A number of other civilizations are known to have practised the art of mummification. Aztecs Incas, (See Mummy Juanita). Also a practice...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Philosophy - Eastern Philosophy
In the West, the term Eastern philosophy refers very broadly to the various philosophies of "the East," namely Asia, including China, Ind...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Theater: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Theater - Western Theatre History
History of theater - Ancient Greek theatre. Main article: Ancient Greek theatre The earliest days of western theater remain obscure, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Theater: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Theater - Western Theatre History
History of theater - Ancient Greek theatre. Main article: Ancient Greek theatre The earliest days of western theater remain obscure, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Chinese Mathematics 200 Bc - Ad 1200
In China, in 212 BC, the Emperor Qin Shi Huang (Shi Huang-ti) commanded that all books be burned. While this order was not universally ob...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Gardening: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Gardening - The Historical Development Of Garden Styles
History of gardening - Ancient Near East. Hanging Gardens of Babylon Assyrian/Persian paradise garden or enclosed hunting-orchard. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Gardening: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Gardening - The Historical Development Of Garden Styles
History of gardening - Ancient Near East. Hanging Gardens of Babylon Assyrian/Persian paradise garden or enclosed hunting-orchard. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In China: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In China - Ancient China
Homosexuality has been documented in China since ancient times. According the scholar Ji Yun of the Qing Dynasty, already at the very beg...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Philosophy - Western Philosophy
See article History of Western philosophy Western philosophy has a long history. Conventionally divided into three large eras - the Ancie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In China: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In China - Same-sex Love In Literature
Another remarkable thing is the prominence of friendship between men in the ancient Chinese culture. There are many examples in the class...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Philosophy - Classical Indian Philosophy
In classical times, these inquiries were systematized in six schools of philosophy. The questions asked were: What is the ontological na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - The Flood As Purported History
Liberal Biblical scholarship concludes that the Biblical account was based upon Mesopotamian models. A majority of Christian fundamentali...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Systems Of Measurement: Encyclopedia Ii - Systems Of Measurement - Historical Mediterranean And European Systems Of Measurement
Prior to the global adoption of the metric system many different systems of measurement had been in use. Many of these were related to so...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tattoo: Encyclopedia Ii - Tattoo - History
Tattoo - Diversity. Tattooing has been a nearly ubiquitous human practice. The Ainu, the indigenous people of Japan, wore facial tattoo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Chinese Exploration Of Central Asia
Silk Road - Zhang Qian 138–126 BCE. The next step came around 130 BC, with the embassies of the Han Dynasty to Central Asia, followin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Japanese Poetry: Encyclopedia Ii - Japanese Poetry - Ancient
Japanese poetry - Poems in Kojiki and Nihonshoki. Until Korean scholars brought Chinese classical texts to Japan in the 6th century, Ja...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Chinese Exploration Of Central Asia
Silk Road - Zhang Qian 138-126 BCE. The next step came around 130 BC, with the embassies of the Han Dynasty to Central Asia, following ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Artistic Transmission On The Silk Road
Many artistic influences transited along the Silk Road, especially through the Central Asia, where Hellenistic, Iranian, Indian and Chine...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - The Great Explorers: Europe Reaching For Asia
The disappearance of the Silk Road following the end of the Mongols was one of the main factors that stimulated the Europeans to reach th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - After The Flood
After several months, water began to subside, and the Ark came to rest on "the mountains of Ararat" (Genesis 8:4). That statement is more...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - Theology
The Biblical account asserts that God sent the flood because mankind had become completely corrupt, and the heart of mankind was full of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - Modern Searches
The most popular locations for searches are somewhere in the mountains of Ararat (Ağrı Dağı in Turkish) and most specifically Mount J...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Artistic Transmission On The Silk Road
Many artistic influences transited along the Silk Road, especially through the Central Asia, where Hellenistic, Iranian, Indian and Chine...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - The Great Explorers: Europe Reaching For Asia
The disappearance of the Silk Road following the end of the Mongols was one of the main factors that stimulated the Europeans to reach th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Theater: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Theater - Asian Theater History
Theater began in Asia during a period of 1000 years, roughly from 350 to 1330 A.D., a time when there was little theater in Europe. The c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mummy: Encyclopedia Ii - Mummy - Mummies In Other Civilizations
A number of other civilizations are known to have practised the art of mummification. Aztecs Incas, (See Mummy Juanita). Also a practice...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - Modern Allusions
In Western culture, the image of Noah's Ark with its many animals has taken on the symbolism of the effort to preserve wildlife. In 1976...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - The Ark
According to Genesis, the Ark was built of a mysterious "gopher wood". It has been suggested that it is related to the Hebrew word kopher...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Love: Encyclopedia Ii - Love - Cultural Views
Love - Chinese. In contemporary Chinese language and culture, several terms or root words are used for the concept of "love": Ai (愛)...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Theater: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Theater - Headline Text
♥The Humors♥ Element: air fire water and earth Body Fluid: ((to air)) blood ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Noah's Ark: Encyclopedia Ii - Noah's Ark - The Flood
The Genesis narrative states that on the seventeenth day of the second month of the 600th year of Noah's life, the "fountains of the grea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In China: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In China - Traditional Views Towards Homosexuality In China's Society
All major religions in ancient China do have some sort of codex, which have traditionally been interpreted as being against exclusive hom...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hell: Encyclopedia Ii - Hell - Religious Accounts
Hell appears in several mythologies and religions in different guises, and is commonly inhabited by demons and the souls of dead people. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hell: Encyclopedia Ii - Hell - Religious Accounts
Hell appears in several mythologies and religions in different guises, and is commonly inhabited by demons and the souls of dead people. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Japanese Poetry: Encyclopedia Ii - Japanese Poetry - From The Late Ancient To Middle
Japanese poetry - Waka in the life of Kuge. In ancient times, it was a custom to exchange waka instead of letters in prose. Sometimes i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Origins
Silk Road - Cross-continental travel. As accomplished waterway shipping and domestication of efficient pack animals both increased the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Origins
Silk Road - Cross-continental travel. As accomplished waterway shipping and domestication of efficient pack animals both increased the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - The Roman Empire And Silk
Soon after the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 BCE, regular communications and trade between India, Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka, China, the M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Central Asian Commercial & Cultural Exchanges
Notably, the Buddhist faith and the Greco-Buddhist culture started to travel eastward along the Silk Road, penetrating in China from arou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Mongol Era
The Mongol expansion throughout the Asian continent from around 1215 to 1360 helped bring political stability and re-establish the Silk R...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - The Roman Empire And Silk
Soon after the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 BCE, regular communications and trade between India, Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka, China, the M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Central Asian Commercial & Cultural Exchanges
Notably, the Buddhist faith and the Greco-Buddhist culture started to travel eastward along the Silk Road, penetrating in China from arou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Mongol Era
The Mongol expansion throughout the Asian continent from around 1215 to 1360 helped bring political stability and re-establish the Silk R...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Hellenistic Conquests
The first major step in opening the Silk Road between the East and the West came with the expansion of Alexander the Great deep into Cent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Silk Road: Encyclopedia Ii - Silk Road - Hellenistic Conquests
The first major step in opening the Silk Road between the East and the West came with the expansion of Alexander the Great deep into Cent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Blood: Encyclopedia Ii - Blood - Health And Disease
Blood - Ancient medicine. Hippocratic medicine considered blood one of the four humors (together with phlegm, yellow bile and black bil...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Egyptian And Babylonian Mathematics 2000 Bc - 600 Bc
The oldest mathematics text discovered so far is the Moscow papyrus, which is an Egyptian Middle Kingdom papyrus dated circa 2050 BC - 18...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - European Renaissance Mathematics 1200 - 1600
In Europe at the dawn of the Renaissance, most of what is now called school mathematics -- addition, subtraction, multiplication, divisio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Miscellaneous Historical Notes
The Maya calendar utilized a base-20 number system which included the 'number' zero (also see Maya numerals). In China, Zu Chongzhi (5th ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty (清朝, 1644–1911) was founded after the defeat of the Ming, the last Han Chinese dynasty, by the Manchus (滿族). T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Ancient Indian Mathematics 800 Bc - 200 Bc
The earliest known mathematics in ancient India dates back to 3000 BC with the Indus Valley civilization. After its collapse in 1700 BC h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Qin Dynasty: The First Chinese Empire
Though the unified reign of the Qin (秦) Emperor lasted only twelve years, he managed to subdue great parts of what constitutes the core...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty (清朝, 1644–1911) was founded after the defeat of the Ming, the last Han Chinese dynasty, by the Manchus (滿族). T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tattoo: Encyclopedia Ii - Tattoo - History
Tattoo - Diversity. Tattooing has been a nearly ubiquitous human practice. The Ainu, the indigenous people of Japan, wore facial tattoo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Mathematics In Prehistory
Long before the earliest written records, there are drawings that indicate a knowledge of mathematics and of measurement of time based on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Greek And Hellenistic Mathematics 550 Bc - 200 Bc
Although the earliest Greek texts on mathematics were written after the Hellenistic period, many of these are considered to be copies of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Arabic And Persian Mathematics 650 - 1500
The Islamic Caliphate (Islamic empire) established across the Middle East, North Africa, and in parts of India in the 8th century preserv...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - 17th Century
The 17th century saw an unprecedented explosion of mathematical and scientific ideas that not only fascinated philosophers but had indust...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - 18th Century
As we have seen, knowledge of the natural numbers, 1, 2, 3,..., as preserved in monolithic structures, is older then any surviving writte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Complex Numbers
When the complex numbers were introduced, there were many who argued that they were imaginary constructs to solve the cubic, and that the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Jin The Sixteen Kingdoms And The Northern And Southern Dynasties
Though these three kingdoms were reunited temporarily in 280 by the (Western) Jin Dynasty (晉朝), the contemporary non-Han Chinese (Wu ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Jin, The Sixteen Kingdoms, And The Northern And Southern Dynasties
Though these three kingdoms were reunited temporarily in 280 by the (Western) Jin Dynasty (晉朝), the contemporary non-Han Chinese (Wu ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Jin The Sixteen Kingdoms And The Northern And Southern Dynasties
Though these three kingdoms were reunited temporarily in 280 by the (Western) Jin Dynasty (晉朝), the contemporary non-Han Chinese (Wu ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Mathematics - Classical Indian Mathematics 200 Bc - Ad 1600
From 200 BC, mathematicians in India began studying mathematics for the sole purpose of science, starting with Jaina mathematicians betwe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification
The Sui Dynasty (隋朝) managed to reunite the country in 589 after almost 300 years of disjunction. The unification is the second short...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification
The Sui Dynasty (隋朝) managed to reunite the country in 589 after almost 300 years of disjunction. The unification is the second short...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Tang Dynasty: Return To Prosperity
On June 18, 618, Gaozu (唐高祖) took the throne, and the Tang Dynasty (唐朝) was established, opening a new age of prosperity and in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alchemy: Encyclopedia Ii - Alchemy - Etymology
The word alchemy comes from the Arabic al-kīmiyaˀ or al-khīmiyaˀ (الكيمياء or الخيمياء), which is probably formed fro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Qin Dynasty: The First Chinese Empire
Though the unified reign of the Qin (秦) Emperor lasted only twelve years, he managed to subdue great parts of what constitutes the core...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Mongols And The Yuan Dynasty
The Jin Empire was defeated by the Mongols, who then proceeded to defeat the Southern Song in a long and bloody war, the first war where ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Post Modern Independence
With the proclamation of the People's Republic of China (中華人民共和國) on October 1, 1949, China was divided yet again, into the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Mongols And The Yuan Dynasty
The Jin Empire was defeated by the Mongols, who then proceeded to defeat the Southern Song in a long and bloody war, the first war where ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - The Present
With the proclamation of the People's Republic of China (中華人民共和國) on October 1, 1949, China was divided yet again, into the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alchemy: Encyclopedia Ii - Alchemy - History
Alchemy encompasses several philosophical traditions spanning some four millennia and three continents. These traditions' general penchan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Tang Dynasty: Return To Prosperity
On June 18, 618, Gaozu (唐高祖) took the throne, and the Tang Dynasty (唐朝) was established, opening a new age of prosperity and in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of China: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of China - Ming Dynasty: Revival Of Chinese Culture
There was strong sentiment, among the populace, against the rule of the "foreigner" (known as Dázi 韃子), which finally led to peasant...   » Read the article