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amu | A Wisdom Archive on amu | | amu A selection of articles related to amu | |
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amu, Atomic mass unit, Atomic mass unit - History, Atomic mass unit - Measuring relative atomic masses
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO amu | | | | | | |  amu: Encyclopedia II - Chagatai Khanate - Mongol successor statesGenghis Khan's empire was inherited by his third son, Ögedei, the designated Great Khan who personally controlled the lands east of Lake Balkash as far as Mongolia. Tolui, the youngest, the keeper of the hearth, was accorded the northern Mongolian homeland. Chagatai, the second son received Kashgaria, with his capital at Almalyq (Kulja) in the modern Sinkiang area of western China, and Transoxania between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers in modern Uzbekistan. Apart from problems of lineage and inheritance, the Mongol Empire was endangered by the great cultural and ethnic divide between the ...
See also:Chagatai Khanate, Chagatai Khanate - Mongol successor states, Chagatai Khanate - The Chagatai Khanate after Chagatai, Chagatai Khanate - Tughlugh Timur and Tamerlane, Chagatai Khanate - Successors of the Chagataites Read more here: » Chagatai Khanate: Encyclopedia II - Chagatai Khanate - Mongol successor states |
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| | | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Otrar - Ancient history Near the place where Arys River flows into the Syr Darya lie the ruins of a town, the memory of which has survived throughout the ages. Despite many changes, it still retains its original name of Otrar. The town has become famous as the place where Abu Nasr Al-Farabi, the great philosopher of the Middle Ages, was born. Otrar, which was renamed Farab in the Middle Ages, was the capital of the Otrar-Farab district. From the west, the district extended to the Kzylkum desert, spread out between the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers.
Syr Dary ...
See also:Otrar, Otrar - Importance, Otrar - Ancient history, Otrar - Mongol influence, Otrar - Middle Ages, Otrar - Archaeological findings, Otrar - External link Read more here: » Otrar: Encyclopedia II - Otrar - Ancient history |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Geography of Kazakhstan - Environmental problems The environment of Kazakstan has been badly damaged by human activity. Most of the water in Kazakstan is polluted by industrial effluents, pesticide and fertilizer residue, and, in some places, radioactivity. The most visible damage has been to the Aral Sea, which as recently as the 1970s was larger than any of the Great Lakes of North America save Lake Superior. The sea began to shrink rapidly when sharply increased irrigation and other demands on the only significant tributaries, the Syrdariya and the Amu Darya (the latter reaching the Ara ...
See also:Geography of Kazakhstan, Geography of Kazakhstan - Topography and drainage, Geography of Kazakhstan - Climate, Geography of Kazakhstan - Environmental problems, Geography of Kazakhstan - Area and boundaries, Geography of Kazakhstan - Resources and land use, Geography of Kazakhstan - Sources Read more here: » Geography of Kazakhstan: Encyclopedia II - Geography of Kazakhstan - Environmental problems |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Turkmenistan - Geography The country is approximately 488,100 square kilometers. 90% of the country is covered by the Karakum Desert. The center of country is dominated by Turan Depression and the Karakum Desert which are mostly flatlands. The Kopet Dag Range, along the southwestern border, reaches 2,912 meters. The Balkan Mountains in the far west and the Kugitang Range in the far east are the only other appreciable elevations. Rivers include the Amu Darya and Hari Rud.
The climate is subtropical desert, with little rainfall. Winters are mild and dry, with most precipitation falling between January and May. Heavie ...
See also:Turkmenistan, Turkmenistan - History, Turkmenistan - Politics, Turkmenistan - Human rights, Turkmenistan - Provinces, Turkmenistan - Geography, Turkmenistan - Economy, Turkmenistan - Demographics, Turkmenistan - Culture, Turkmenistan - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Turkmenistan: Encyclopedia II - Turkmenistan - Geography |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Timur - Last campaigns and death In April 1399, some three months after quitting the capital of Mahmüd Toghluk, Timur was back in his own capital beyond the Oxus (Amu Darya). It need scarcely be added that an immense quantity of spoil was conveyed away. According to Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo, ninety captured elephants were employed merely to carry stones from certain quarries to enable the conqueror to erect a mosque at Samarkand.
The war with the Turks and Egyptians, which followed the return from India, was rendered notable by the capture of Aleppo and Damascus. He ...
See also:Timur, Timur - Early life, Timur - Military leader, Timur - Rise to power, Timur - Period of expansion, Timur - India, Timur - Last campaigns and death, Timur - Contributions to the arts, Timur - Exhumation, Timur - Fiction Read more here: » Timur: Encyclopedia II - Timur - Last campaigns and death |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Turkmenistan - Geography The country is approximately 488,100 square kilometers. 90% of the country is covered by the Karakum Desert. The center of country is dominated by Turan Depression and the Karakum Desert which are mostly flatlands. The Kopet Dag Range, along the southwestern border, reaches 2,912 meters. The Turkmen Balkan Mountains in the far west and the Kugitang Range in the far east are the only other appreciable elevations. Rivers include the Amu Darya, Murgap, and the Hari Rud.
The climate is subtropical desert, with little rainfall. Winters are mild and d ...
See also:Turkmenistan, Turkmenistan - History, Turkmenistan - Politics, Turkmenistan - Human rights, Turkmenistan - Provinces, Turkmenistan - Geography, Turkmenistan - Economy, Turkmenistan - Demographics, Turkmenistan - Culture, Turkmenistan - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Turkmenistan: Encyclopedia II - Turkmenistan - Geography |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Timur - Last Campaigns and Death In April 1399, some three months after quitting the capital of Mahmüd Toghluk, Timur was back in his own capital beyond the Oxus (Amu Darya). It need scarcely be added that an immense quantity of spoil was conveyed away. According to Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo, ninety captured elephants were employed merely to carry stones from certain quarries to enable the conqueror to erect a mosque at Samarkand.
The war with the Turks and Egyptians, which followed the return from India, was rendered notable by the capture of Aleppo and Damascus. He ...
See also:Timur, Timur - Early life, Timur - Military Leader, Timur - Rise to Power, Timur - Period of Expansion, Timur - India, Timur - Last Campaigns and Death, Timur - Contributions to the Arts, Timur - Exhumation, Timur - Fiction Read more here: » Timur: Encyclopedia II - Timur - Last Campaigns and Death |
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| | | | | | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Ghaznavid and Ghorid Rule Out of the Samanid Dynasty came the first great Islamic empire of the region, the Ghaznavid Empire, whose warriors, forged an empire that spanned much of Iranian plateau and Central Asia and conducted many successful raids into South Asia. Their military incursions assured the domination of Sunni Islam in what is now Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of India. The most renowned of the dynasty's rulers was Mahmud, who consolidated control over the areas south of the Amu Darya then carried out devastating raids into India - looting Hindu temple ...
See also:Islamic conquest of Afghanistan, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - The Islamic Conquest, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Ghaznavid and Ghorid Rule, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Mongol Rule 1220-1506, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Mughal-Safavid Rivalry ca. 1500-1747 Read more here: » Islamic conquest of Afghanistan: Encyclopedia II - Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Ghaznavid and Ghorid Rule |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Avogadro's number - Connection to masses of protons and neutrons A carbon-12 atom consists of 6 protons and 6 neutrons (which have approximately the same mass) and 6 electrons (whose mass is negligible in comparison). One could therefore think that NA is the number of protons or neutrons that have a mass of 1 gram. While this is approximately correct, the mass of a free proton is 1.00727 amu, so a mole of protons would actually have a mass of 1.00727 g. Similarly, a mole of neutrons has a mass of 1.00866 g. Clearly, 6 moles of protons combined with six moles of neutrons would have a mass ...
See also:Avogadro's number, Avogadro's number - History, Avogadro's number - Application, Avogadro's number - Physical significance of Avogadro's number, Avogadro's number - Additional physical relations, Avogadro's number - Numerical value, Avogadro's number - Connection to masses of protons and neutrons, Avogadro's number - Avogadro's number in life Read more here: » Avogadro's number: Encyclopedia II - Avogadro's number - Connection to masses of protons and neutrons |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Mughal-Safavid Rivalry ca. 1500-1747 Early in the sixteenth century, Babur, who was descended from Timur on his father's side and from Genghis Khan on his mother's, was driven out of his father's kingdom in the Ferghana Valley (which straddles contemporary Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) by the Shaybani Uzbeks, who had wrested Samarkand from the Timurids. After several unsuccessful attempts to regain Ferghana and Samarkand, Babur crossed the Amu Darya and captured Kabul from the last of its Mongol rulers in 1504. In his invasion of Delhi Sultanate of India in 1526, Babur ...
See also:Islamic conquest of Afghanistan, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - The Islamic Conquest, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Ghaznavid and Ghorid Rule, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Mongol Rule 1220-1506, Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Mughal-Safavid Rivalry ca. 1500-1747 Read more here: » Islamic conquest of Afghanistan: Encyclopedia II - Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Mughal-Safavid Rivalry ca. 1500-1747 |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Khwarezmia - Classical times When the King of Khwarezmia offered friendship to Alexander the Great in 328 BC, Alexander's Greek and Roman biographers imagined the nomad king of a desert waste, but 20th century Russian archeologists revealed the region as a stable and centralized kingdom, a land of agriculture to the east of the Aral Sea, surrounded by the nomads of Central Asia, protected by its army of mailed horsemen, in the most powerful kingdom northwest of the Amu Darya (the Oxus River of antiquity). The king's emissary offered to lead Alexander's armies against his own enemies, west over the Caspian towa ...
See also:Khwarezmia, Khwarezmia - Etymology, Khwarezmia - Early history, Khwarezmia - Classical times, Khwarezmia - Middle Ages, Khwarezmia - Modern Age, Khwarezmia - External link Read more here: » Khwarezmia: Encyclopedia II - Khwarezmia - Classical times |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Khwarezmia - Modern Age The region of Khwarezmia became part of the Jagatai Khanate, and its capital of Old Urgench was rebuilt and again became one of the largest and most important trading centers in Central Asia. However, Timur regarded Khwarezm as a rival to Samarkand, and over the course of 5 campaigns, he destroyed Old Urgench completely in 1388. This together with a shift in the course of the Amu-Darya caused the center of Khwarezmia to shift to Khiva and, in the 16th century, the area came to be known as the Khanate of Khiva, ruled over by a branch ...
See also:Khwarezmia, Khwarezmia - Etymology, Khwarezmia - Early history, Khwarezmia - Classical times, Khwarezmia - Middle Ages, Khwarezmia - Modern Age, Khwarezmia - External link Read more here: » Khwarezmia: Encyclopedia II - Khwarezmia - Modern Age |
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| | | | | amu: Encyclopedia II - Comfort women - Military brothels, human trafficking, and sexual slavery in context Military brothels are not unique to Japan, though the Japanese system during WWII was exceptionally large and well-organized.
Comfort women - United States.
Western militaries have also used such institutions for the same reasons the Japanese military did: to prevent STDs and maintain morale. Allegedly, during the American occupation of Japan, the U.S. army used military brothels set up by the Japanese government known as the Recreation and Amus ...
See also:Comfort women, Comfort women - Brothels as part of Japanese military policy, Comfort women - Responsibility and compensation, Comfort women - The ongoing debate over comfort women, Comfort women - Military brothels, human trafficking, and sexual slavery in context, Comfort women - United States, Comfort women - Vietnamese and Viet Cong in Vietnam, Comfort women - United Nations Peacekeeping Forces, Comfort women - NATO Read more here: » Comfort women: Encyclopedia II - Comfort women - Military brothels, human trafficking, and sexual slavery in context |
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