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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia - Amin Al-husayni
Mohammad Amin al-Husayni (ca. 1895-July 4, 1974, أمين الحسيني, alternatively known as al-Husseini, el-Husseini, Al-Hajj Amin o...
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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia Ii - Amin Al-husayni - Early Life
Amin al-Husayni was born in Jerusalem in 1895 (some sources say 1893). He attended al-Azhar University in Cairo (where he founded an anti...
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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia Ii - Amin Al-husayni - Early Life
Amin al-Husayni was born in Jerusalem in 1895 (some sources say 1893). He attended Al-Azhar University in Cairo (where he founded an anti...
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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia Ii - Amin Al-husayni - Palestinian Nationalism
Viewing the Balfour Declaration as a betrayal of the Arabs by the British, al-Husayni organized violent anti-Zionist demonstrations in Je...
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Al-amin: Encyclopedia - Al-amin
Muhammad ibn Harun al-Amin (787 - 813) (Arabic: محمد الأمين بن هارون الرشيد), Abbasid Caliph. He succeeded his fat...
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1948 Arab-israeli War: Encyclopedia - 1948 Arab-israeli War
The 1948 Arab-Israeli War is referred to as the "War of Independence" (Hebrew: מלחמת העצמאות) or as the "War of Liberation" (...
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Al-ma'mun: Encyclopedia - Al-ma'mun
Abu Jafar al-Ma'mun ibn Harun (786 - October 10, 833) (المأمون) was an Abbasid caliph who reigned from 813 until his death in 833....
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1948 Arab-israeli War: Encyclopedia Ii - 1948 Arab-israeli War - Phases Of The War
1948 Arab-Israeli War - First phase: November 29 1947 - April 1 1948.
Right after the UN partition plan was approved, joint Jordanian, ...
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1948 Arab-israeli War: Encyclopedia Ii - 1948 Arab-israeli War - Phases Of The War
1948 Arab-Israeli War - First phase: November 29 1947 - April 1 1948.
In the twelve days following the UN decision 79 jews were killed ...
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Keffiyeh: Encyclopedia Ii - Keffiyeh - Palestinian National Symbol
In the 1930s, the keffiyeh became a symbol of Palestinian nationalism, as a result of its association with rural areas (as opposed to the...
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Great Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Uprising - Response
The British responded to the violence by greatly expanding their military forces and clamping down on Arab dissent. "Administrative deten...
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1948 Arab-israeli War: Encyclopedia Ii - 1948 Arab-israeli War - Background
Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, the League of Nations granted the British and the French temporary colonial ad...
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1948 Arab-israeli War: Encyclopedia Ii - 1948 Arab-israeli War - Aftermath
1948 Arab-Israeli War - 1949 Armistice Agreements.
In 1949, Israel signed separate armistices with Egypt on February 24, Lebanon on Mar...
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Riots In Palestine Of 1920: Encyclopedia Ii - Riots In Palestine Of 1920 - April 4-7 1920 In The Old City
During a procession on April 4, 1920, inflammatory anti-Zionist rhetoric led to rioting in Jerusalem. One of the inciters was Hajj Amin a...
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List Of Palestinians: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Palestinians - Religious Figures
List of Palestinians - Christianity.
Riah Abu Assal, current Anglican Bishop of Jerusalem
Elias Chacour, Melkite Catholic priest
Miche...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Headline Text
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Jerusalem pogrom of 1920 April 4-7 prompts the establishment of Haganah on June 15, 1920.
Jaffa riots
The Churc...
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List Of Guerrillas: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Guerrillas - Palestine
List of guerrillas - Stern Gang.
Yitzhak Shamir in Palestine
Yasser Arafat in Palestine
George Habash
Leila Khaled
Abu Nidal
Sheikh Iz...
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Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs: Encyclopedia Ii - Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs - Islam-israel Fellowship
Shaykh Abdul Hadi Palazzi, a leader of Italian Muslim Association and a co-founder and a co-chairman of the Islam-Israel Fellowship (anot...
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Al-ma'mun: Encyclopedia Ii - Al-ma'mun - Caliphate
Al-Ma'mun came to power by defeating his brother in battle. The father of the two brothers was Harun al-Rashid who had ordered that al-Am...
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Jaffa Riots: Encyclopedia Ii - Jaffa Riots - The Events
On May 1, 1921, a scuffle began in Tel Aviv-Jaffa between rival groups of Jewish Bolsheviks, carrying Yiddish banners demanding Soviet Pa...
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Jaffa Riots: Encyclopedia Ii - Jaffa Riots - Immediate Aftermath
Fatalities were: 47 Jews, 48 Arabs. Wounded: 146 Jews, 73 Arabs.
After the riots, thousands of Jewish residents of Jaffa fled for Tel Avi...
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Jaffa Riots: Encyclopedia Ii - Jaffa Riots - The Consequences
In his speech on the occasion of royal birthday in June 1921, Samuel stressed the Britain's commitment to the second part of the Balfour ...
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Islam And Veneration For Muhammad: Encyclopedia Ii - Islam And Veneration For Muhammad - In Speaking And Writing
When speaking or writing, the prophet's name is followed by the phrase "peace be upon him," in English often abreviated to PBUH.
The Isla...
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Abu Nuwas: Encyclopedia Ii - Abu Nuwas - Exile And Imprisonment
Abu Nuwas was forced to flee to Egypt for a time, after he wrote an elegiac poem praising the Barmakis, the powerful family which had bee...
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List Of Mayors Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Mayors Of Jerusalem - Mayors Of Jerusalem
List of mayors of Jerusalem - Mayors of Al-Quds.
Anwar Al-Khatib (1948-1950)
Aref al-Aref (1950-1951)
Hanna Atallah (1951-1952)
Omar W...
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Khaz'al Khan: Encyclopedia Ii - Khaz'al Khan - Descendants
Khaz'al had several wives, all of whom were ethnic Persians from the city of Behbahan. The Arab explorer Amin al-Rayhani reports, however...
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Sami Al-arian: Encyclopedia Ii - Sami Al-arian - Biography
Sami Amin Al-Arian was born in Kuwait. He emigrated with his family to Egypt in 1966, and traveled to the United States in 1975 at the ag...
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Palestinian Political Violence: Encyclopedia Ii - Palestinian Political Violence - 1920–1987
The attacks on Jews by Arabs predating the establishment of the state of Israel culminated in the Jerusalem pogrom of April, 1920, the ri...
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History Of Tunisia: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Tunisia - Tunisia Since Independence
Independence from France was achieved on March 20, 1956, as a constitutional monarchy with the Bey of Tunis, Muhammad VIII al-Amin Bey, a...
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Middle East Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Middle East Campaign - Palestine
As in most of the Arab world, there was no unanimity amongst the Palestinian Arabs as to their position regarding the combatants in WWII....
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British Mandate Of Palestine: Encyclopedia Ii - British Mandate Of Palestine - World War Ii And The Nazi Holocaust
As in most of the Arab world, there was no unanimity amongst the Palestinian Arabs as to their position regarding the combatants in WWII....
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Trials Of Saddam Hussein: Encyclopedia Ii - Trials Of Saddam Hussein - First Hearing
The 68-year-old deposed Iraqi leader appeared confident and defiant throughout the 46-minute hearing. Alternating between listening to an...
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Pan Am Flight 103 Bombing Trial: Encyclopedia Ii - Pan Am Flight 103 Bombing Trial - The Accused
Two Libyans were accused of the crime. They were named as Abdelbaset Ali Mohmed Al Megrahi and Al Amin Khalifa Fhimah. In the run-up to t...
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20th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 20th Century - Significant People
20th century - World leaders.
Africa
Gnassingbe Eyadema, Togo
Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Côte d'Ivoire
Kenneth Kaunda, Zambia
Jomo Ke...
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Cause Célèbre: Encyclopedia Ii - Cause Célèbre - A List Of People And Cases Which Have Been Considered Causes Célèbres
Cause célèbre - A.
Mumia Abu-Jamal: The 1982 conviction of this member of the Black Panthers Party for murdering Philadelphia police...
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Iupac Nomenclature Of Organic Chemistry: Encyclopedia Ii - Iupac Nomenclature Of Organic Chemistry - Aldehydes
Aldehydes (R-CHO) take the suffix "-al". Since they are always at the end of a alkane chain, they do not need a position number: HCHO (fo...
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Iupac Nomenclature Of Organic Chemistry: Encyclopedia Ii - Iupac Nomenclature Of Organic Chemistry - Aldehydes
Aldehydes (R-CHO) take the suffix "-al". Since they are always at the end of an alkane chain, they do not need a position number: HCHO (f...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia - Anti-zionism
Anti-Zionism is a term used to describe several different political and religious points of view. Anti-Zionist positions have in common s...
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Abd Al-qadir Al-husayni: Encyclopedia - Abd Al-qadir Al-husayni
Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni (1907-1948) was a Palestinian nationalist and fighter who in late 1933 founded the secret military group known as...
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Abdullah I Of Jordan: Encyclopedia - Abdullah I Of Jordan
King Abdullah I of Jordan (1882 – July 20, 1951) (Arabic: عبد الله الأول), also known as Abdullah bin Husayn (Arabic: عب...
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Riots In Palestine Of 1920: Encyclopedia Ii - Riots In Palestine Of 1920 - Warning Signs
During their annual spring festival Nebi Musa (Prophet Moses), Muslims march from Jerusalem on the road to Jericho to where they believe ...
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Chemical Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Chemical Warfare - History
Chemical warfare - Chemical warfare in ancient and classical times.
Chemical weapons have been used for millennia in the form of poison...
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History Of The Jews In Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Jews In Egypt - Arab Rule 641 Ce - 1250 Ce
The part taken by the Jews in the Arab invasion of Egypt is not clear. In addition to the Jews settled there from early times, some must ...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Second Intifada Begins
Right wing Israeli Opposition Leader Ariel Sharon visits the Temple Mount which is administered by a Muslim organization. The day after ...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Jewish Anti-zionism
Before the 1930s the majority of the world's Jews who were in a position to express an opinion could loosely be considered anti-Zionist, ...
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Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs: Encyclopedia Ii - Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs - Israeli-arab Co-existence Projects
Projects working for peace among Israelis and Arabs - Ta'ayush Arab-Jewish Partnership.
Formed in the fall of 2000, Ta'ayush (Arabic fo...
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Religion In Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Religion In Israel - Judaism In Israel
Most citizens in the State of Israel are Jewish, and most Israeli Jews practice Judaism in some form.
While Judaism has always affirmed a...
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List Of Palestinians: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Palestinians - Cultural Figures
List of Palestinians - Writers.
Mourid Barghouti, poet
Mahmoud Darwish, poet
Emile Habibi, author
Nathalie Handal, poet, editor
Ghassa...
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Islamofascism Term: Encyclopedia Ii - Islamofascism Term - Origins
The origins of the term are unclear, but appear to date back to an article, "Construing Islam as a language", by Malise Ruthven that appe...
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Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict: Encyclopedia Ii - Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict - Before 1948
The League was established on March 22, 1945. When the League founding pact was signed in Cairo, Egypt, "[t]he Arab League states collect...
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Flag Of Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Flag Of Israel - Origin Of The Flag
The flag of the State of Israel is simply showing a Star of David on a tallit, the traditional Jewish prayer shawl.
The Israelites used a...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Six-day War
The Six-Day War. Israel launches what it describes as a pre-emptive strike against the Egyptian Air Force on suspicion that Egypt and Sy...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Post Six-day War
Egypt wages the War of Attrition against Israel.
Avivim school bus massacre
After Black September in Jordan, the PLO was driven out to...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Yom Kippur War
The Yom Kippur War. Syria and Egypt attack Israeli forces in the Golan Heights and the Sinai Peninsula.
...
See also:Israeli-Palestini...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Post Yom Kippur War
Kiryat Shmona massacre
Ma'alot massacre
Savoy Operation
Operation Entebbe
Menachem Begin of the Likud Party is elected Prime Ministe...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Creation Of Israel
Israel declares Independence from British rule, before the expiration of the British Mandate of Palestine at midnight.
...
See also:Is...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - After Creation
Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Transjordan and local Arabs attack the new Jewish state. The resulting 1948 Arab-Israeli War lasts for 13 m...
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Islamofascism Term: Encyclopedia Ii - Islamofascism Term - Criticism Of The Use Of The Term
Some critics view it as an oxymoron and a rhetorical device or propaganda. [citation needed] Juan Cole, professor of modern Middle East a...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Un Resolution
The UN General Assembly passes a Partition Plan dividing the British Mandate of Palestine into two states.
...
See also:Israeli-Palest...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - British Era
Balfour Declaration 1917: British foreign affairs minister Arthur James Balfour sends a letter to Lord Rothschild, President of the Zion...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Recent Developments
US President George W. Bush calls for an independent Palestinian state living in peace with Israel.
IDF kills Salah Shahade, the leader...
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Religion In Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Religion In Israel - Religious Breakdown
At the end of 2003, of Israel's 6.7 million people, 76.7% were Jewish (by religion), 15.8% were Muslim, 2.1% were Christian, 1.6% were Dr...
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List Of Palestinians: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Palestinians - Political Figures
List of Palestinians - Politicians.
Mahmoud Abbas
Nabil Amr
Suha Arafat
Yassir Arafat
Hanan Ashrawi
Hakam Balawi
Marwan Barghouti
Moh...
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Religion In Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Religion In Israel - Religion And Citizenship
Israel was founded to provide a national home, safe from persecution, to the Jewish people. Although Israeli law explicitly grants equal ...
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Religion In Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Religion In Israel - Islam In Israel
Israel is home to Islam's third holiest site or shrine after those in Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia: The Haram al Sharif (Temple Mount...
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Religion In Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Religion In Israel - Christianity In Israel
Christians are presently the smallest religious group and denomination of the Abrahamic religions in Israel. Most Christians living perma...
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Riots In Palestine Of 1920: Encyclopedia Ii - Riots In Palestine Of 1920 - The Aftermath
Fatalities: 5 Jews, 4 Arabs. Wounded: 216 Jews (18 critically), 23 Arabs (1 critically), 7 British soldiers.
The majority of the victims ...
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Religion In Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Religion In Israel - Religious Tensions
The State of Israel allows freedom of religion for all religious communities, both in law and in practice. Freedom House reports: "Freedo...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - First Intifada
The First Intifada begins.
An independent State of Palestine was proclaimed by the Palestinian National Council meeting in Algiers, by ...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Gulf War
Tel Aviv is hit by 40 Scud missiles launched by Iraq during the Persian Gulf War.
...
See also:Israeli-Palestinian conflict timeline, ...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - After Gulf War
Yitzhak Rabin of the Labour Party elected Prime Minister.
Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin sign the Declaration of Principles on Interim...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Peace Process
Israeli forces withdraw from Jericho and Gaza City in compliance with the Oslo accords.
Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty
Yitzhak Rabin, Shim...
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Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline: Encyclopedia Ii - Israeli-palestinian Conflict Timeline - Lebanon
Israel enters southern Lebanon. Israel claims the invasion was in order to remove PLO forces. See 1982 Invasion of Lebanon.
The Israeli...
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Chemical Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Chemical Warfare - Sociopolitical Climate Of Chemical Warfare
While the study of chemicals and their military uses was widespread in China, the use of toxic materials has historically been viewed wit...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Types Of Anti-zionism
Political Zionism has encountered opposition ever since it was first articulated in the 19th century. It is therefore possible to speak o...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Arab Anti-zionism
At the time when the Zionist settlement of Palestine began, most of the Arab world was under the control either of the Ottoman Empire or ...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Islamist Anti-zionism
Islamist narratives, originally more popular among the more conservative nations of Arabia itself but now fairly widespread, emphasize th...
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Islamofascism Term: Encyclopedia Ii - Islamofascism Term - Application
Some writers have used "Islamofascism" to refer specifically to the The Muslim Brotherhood [citation needed] and similar movements in Sun...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Defining Anti-zionism
Anti-Zionism is often characterized by opposition to the existence of the State of Israel as a Jewish state. Opposition to the policies o...
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Chemical Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Chemical Warfare - Chemical Warfare Technology
Although crude chemical warfare has been employed in many parts of the world for thousands of years, "modern" chemical warfare began duri...
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Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict: Encyclopedia Ii - Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict - 1948-1949
The day after the state of Israel was proclaimed, six League members, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia, support...
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Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict: Encyclopedia Ii - Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict - 1949-1967
As a result of 1949 Armistice Agreements, the West Bank and East Jerusalem were ruled by Jordan, while the Gaza Strip was occupied by Egy...
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Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict: Encyclopedia Ii - Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict - 1967-2000
On September 1, 1967, in the wake of the Six-Day War, the Khartoum Resolution was issued at the meeting between the leaders of eight Arab...
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Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict: Encyclopedia Ii - Arab League And The Arab-israeli Conflict - After 2000
In 2002, Saudi Arabia offered a peace plan in the New York Times and at a summit meeting of the Arab League in Beirut. The plan, based on...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Soviet Anti-zionism
In the Soviet Union from the 1920s Zionism was viewed as a form of "bourgeois nationalism," and its active promotion among Jews was banne...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Western Anti-zionism
Before the 1970s, serious criticism of Israel, let alone opposition to its existence, was almost unknown in the western countries, except...
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History Of The Jews In Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Jews In Egypt - Mamelukes 1250-1517
Under the Baḥri Mamelukes (1250-1390) the Jews led a comparatively quiet existence; though they had at times to contribute heavily towa...
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History Of The Jews In Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Jews In Egypt - Under The Turks 1517-1922
On Jan. 22, 1517, the Turkish sultan, Selim I., defeated Tuman Bey, the last of the Mamelukes. He made radical changes in the affairs of ...
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Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs: Encyclopedia Ii - Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs - Jewish-muslim Dialogue
Projects working for peace among Israelis and Arabs - The American Jewish Committee.
While forcefully speaking out against Islamic anti...
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Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs: Encyclopedia Ii - Projects Working For Peace Among Israelis And Arabs - Nonviolent Conflict
Projects working for peace among Israelis and Arabs - Albert Einstein Institution.
Gene Sharp, senior scholar of the Albert Einstein In...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - International Anti-zionism
In parallel with the rise of anti-Zionist sentiment in the west was increased hostility towards Israel at the international level. During...
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History Of The Jews In Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Jews In Egypt - Ptolemaic And Roman 400 Bce - 641 Ce
See also Leontopolis; Alabarch; Philo
Athough populations existed before, many Jews immigrated to Egypt in the Ptolemaic time, settling e...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Anti-zionism And Anti-semitism
Many commentators believe that criticisms of Israel and Zionism are often disproportionate in degree and unique in kind, and attribute th...
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History Of The Jews In Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Jews In Egypt - Ancient And Biblical
The ancient Hebrew name (land of) "Mitzrayim," or (in more poetic style) "Maẓor," is Semitic ("Miṣri" is the earliest Babylonian form...
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Flag Of Israel: Encyclopedia Ii - Flag Of Israel - Claims Of Nile To Euphrates Territorial Ambitions
It has been alleged by some groups that the blue stripes actually represent the rivers Nile and Euphrates, which some Zionist thinkers (s...
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Great Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Uprising - Outcome
Despite the assistance of 20,000 additional British troops and 14,500 well trained and well armed Haganah men, the Great Uprising continu...
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Anti-zionism: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-zionism - Anti-zionism Dictionary Definitions
In addition to a conventional definition of anti-Semitism ("hostility toward Jews as a religious or racial minority group, often accompan...
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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia Ii - Amin Al-husayni - Nazi Ties And World War Ii
Amin al-Husayni - Pre-war.
In 1933, within weeks of Hitler's rise to power in Germany, al-Husayni sent a telegram to Berlin addressed t...
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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia Ii - Amin Al-husayni - Post-war Activities
After the war, al-Husayni fled to Switzerland, was detained and put under house arrest in France, but escaped and was given asylum in Egy...
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Amin Al-husayni: Encyclopedia Ii - Amin Al-husayni - Mufti's Influence
Yasser Arafat's interview with the London-based Arabic language newspaper Al Sharq al Awsat was reprinted by a leading Palestinian daily ...
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