American Civil War - The division of the country

KIA: 110,100 Total dead: 359,500 Wounded: 275,200 Total dead: 198,500 Wounded: 137,000+ The American Civil War (1861–1865) was fought in North America within the United States of America, between twenty-four mostly northern states of the Union and the Confederate States of America, a coalition of eleven southern states that declared their independence and claimed the right of secession from the Union in 1860–1861. The war produced over 970,000 casualties (3.09% of ...

Including:

• American Civil War - The division of the country
• American Civil War - The Union States
• American Civil War - The Confederacy
• American Civil War - Border States
• American Civil War - Origins of the conflict
• American Civil War - Narrative summary
• American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863
• American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863
• American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865
• American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865
• American Civil War - Analysis of the War
• American Civil War - Major land battles
• American Civil War - Major naval battles
• American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers
• American Civil War - The question of slavery
• American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy
• American Civil War - Aftermath
• American Civil War - Further reading and viewing
• American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies
• American Civil War - Primary Sources
• American Civil War - Biographies
• American Civil War - Special Studies
• American Civil War - Novels about the war
• American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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American Civil War - The Union States. There were 23 Union States: California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin. The territories of Colorado, Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Washington also fought on the Union side. < ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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Lincoln's victory in the presidential election of 1860 triggered South Carolina's secession from the Union. Lincoln was not even on the ballot in nine states in the South. Leaders in South Carolina had long been waiting for an event that might unite the South against the anti-slavery forces. Once the election returns were certain, a special South Carolina convention declared "that the Union now subsisting between South Carolina and other states under the name of the 'United States of America' is hereby dissolved." By February 1, 1861, six mo ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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There had been a continuing contest between the states and the national government over the power of the latter, and over the loyalty of the citizenry, almost since the founding of the republic. The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions of 1798, for example, had defied the Alien and Sedition Acts, and at the Hartford Convention, New England voiced its opposition to President Madison and the War of 1812. In 1828 and 1832 the Congress passed protective tariffs to benefit trade in the northern states. It was deemed a "Tariff of Abominations" ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

Read more here: » American Civil War: Encyclopedia II - American Civil War - Origins of the conflict

Main article: Border states (Civil War) Along with the northwestern counties of Virginia (whose residents did not wish to secede and eventually entered the Union in 1863 as West Virginia), four of the five northernmost "slave states" (Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky) did not secede, and became known as the Border States. Delaware, which in the 1860 election had voted for Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge, had few slaves and never considered secession. Maryland also voted for Breckinridge, and after riotin ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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The ten costliest land battles, measured by casualties (killed, wounded, captured, and missing) were: (Pennsylvania) (Georgia) (Virginia) (Virginia) (Maryland) (Virginia) (Virginia) (Tennessee) (Tennessee) (Tennessee) Other major land battles included First Bull Run, The Seven Days, Perryville, Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Chattanooga, the Siege of Petersburg, and the battles of Franklin and Nashville. There was ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

Read more here: » American Civil War: Encyclopedia II - American Civil War - Major land battles

Congress proposed the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution, barring slavery throughout the United States; it was ratified by the end of 1865. During Reconstruction, in 1868, the 14th Amendment, defining citizenship and giving the Federal government broad power to require the States to provide equal protection of the laws, was adopted. The 15th Amendment, guaranteeing black men the right to vote was ratified in 1870. The 14th and 15th Amendments reversed the effects of ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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There have been over 50,000 books published about the Civil War. It is often cited as the single subject with the most number of books published in the United States. American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies. Blair,Jayne E. The Essential Civil War: A Handbook to the Battles, Armies, Navies And Commanders (2006) Eicher, David J., The Civil War in Books: An Analytical Bibliography, (1997), ISBN 0-252-02273-4 Heidler, David Stephen. Encyclopedia of the A ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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Because of the Confederacy's attempt to create a new state, recognition and support from the European powers were critical to its prospects. The Union, under Secretary of State William Henry Seward attempted to block the Confederacy's efforts in this sphere. The Confederates hoped that the importance of the cotton trade to Europe (the idea of cotton diplomacy) and shortages caused by the war, along with early military victories, would enable them to gather increasing ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

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As slavery and constitutional questions concerning states' rights were widely viewed as the major causes of the war, the victorious Union government sought to end slavery and to guarantee a perpetual union that could never be broken. During the early part of the war, Lincoln, to hold together his war coalition of Republicans and War Democrats, emphasized preservation of the Union as the sole Union objective of the war, but with the Emancipation Proclamation, announced in September 1862 and put into effect four months later, Lincoln ad ...

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American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

Read more here: » American Civil War: Encyclopedia II - American Civil War - The question of slavery

One of the reasons that the US Civil War wore on as long as it did and the battles were so fierce was that most important generals on both sides had formerly served in the United States Army — some, including Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee, during the Mexican-American War between 1846 and 1848. Most were graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point, where Lee had been commandant for 3 years in the 1850s. Significant Southern leaders included Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, Joseph E. Johnston, Thomas J. "Sto ...

See also:

American Civil War, American Civil War - The division of the country, American Civil War - The Union States, American Civil War - The Confederacy, American Civil War - Border States, American Civil War - Origins of the conflict, American Civil War - Narrative summary, American Civil War - Eastern Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Western Theater 1861–1863, American Civil War - Trans-Mississippi Theater 1861–1865, American Civil War - The End of the War 1864–1865, American Civil War - Analysis of the War, American Civil War - Major land battles, American Civil War - Major naval battles, American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers, American Civil War - The question of slavery, American Civil War - Foreign diplomacy, American Civil War - Aftermath, American Civil War - Further reading and viewing, American Civil War - Reference Books and Bibliographies, American Civil War - Primary Sources, American Civil War - Biographies, American Civil War - Special Studies, American Civil War - Novels about the war, American Civil War - Documentaries about the war

Read more here: » American Civil War: Encyclopedia II - American Civil War - Civil War leaders and soldiers