Ambrose - Life

Saint Ambrose, (Latin: Sanctus Ambrosius; Italian: Sant'Ambrogio) (c 340–4 April 397), bishop of Milan, was one of the most eminent bishops of the 4th century. Together with Augustine of Hippo, Jerome, and Gregory I, he his counted one of the four doctors of the West of antique church history. Ambrose - Life. Ambrosians Ambrose - Worldly career. Ambrose was a citizen of Rome, born about 337–340 in Trier, Germany, into a Christia ...

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If the imperial court was displeased with the religious principles and conduct of Ambrose, it respected his great political talents; and when necessity required, his aid was solicited and generously granted. When Magnus Maximus usurped the supreme power in Gaul, and was meditating a descent upon Italy, Valentinian sent Ambrose to dissuade him from the undertaking, and the embassy was successful. On a second attempt of the same kind Ambrose was again employed; and although he was unsuccessful, it cannot be doubted that, if his advice h ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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Catching the impulse from Hilary and confirmed in it by the success of Arian psalmody, Ambrose composed several hymns, marked by dignified simplicity, which were not only effective in themselves but served as a fruitful model for later times. Each of these hymns has eight four-line stanzas and is written in strict iambic tetrameter. Deus Creator Omnium Aeterne rerum conditor Jam surgit hora tertia Veni redemptor gentium (a Christmas hymn) ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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Ambrose is the subject of a curious anecdote in Augustine's Confessions which bears on the history of reading: When [Ambrose] read, his eyes scanned the page and his heart sought out the meaning, but his voice was silent and his tongue was still. Anyone could approach him freely and guests were not commonly announced, so that often, when we came to visit him, we found him reading like this in silence, for he never read aloud. The extraordinary aspect of this passage, of course, is that Augustine felt it noteworthy that Ambrose could read silently, impl ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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Though ranking with Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory the Great, as one of the Latin Doctors of the Church, he is most naturally compared with Hilary, whom he surpasses in administrative excellence as much as he falls below him in theological ability. Even here, however, his achievements are of no mean order, especially when we remember his juridical training and his comparatively late handling of Biblical and doctrinal subjects. His great spiritual successor, Augustine, whose conversion was helped by Ambrose's sermons, owes more to ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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Many circumstances in the history of Ambrose are characteristic of the general spirit of the times. The chief causes of his victory over his opponents were his great popularity and the reverence paid to the episcopal character at that period. But it must also be noted that he used several indirect means to obtain and support his authority with the people. He was liberal to the poor; it was his custom to comment severely in his preaching on the public characters of his times; and he introduced popular reforms in the order and manner of ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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The diocese of Milan was at the time, like the rest of the church, deeply divided in the contest between Trinitarians and Arians. In 374, Auxentius, bishop of Milan, died, and the Nicene and Arian parties contended for the succession. The prefect went personally to the basilica where the election should take place, to prevent an uproar which was probable in this crisis. His address was interrupted by a call "Ambrose for bishop!" which was taken up by others u ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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In the confrontation with Arians, Ambrose applied theological and political means, using his eloquence as effectively as his political experience and his excellent political connections. Gratian, the son of the elder Valentinian I, was Trinitarian; but the younger Valentinian, who had now become his colleague in the empire, adopted the opinions of the Arians, and all the arguments and eloquence of Ambrose could not reclaim the young prince to the orthodox faith. Theodosius I, the emperor of the East, also professed the Nicene belief; ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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Ambrose was a citizen of Rome, born about 337–340 in Trier, Germany, into a Christian family. His father was prefect of Gallia Narbonensis, his mother was a woman of intellect and piety. There is a legend that as an infant, a swarm of bees settled on his face while he lay in his cradle, leaving behind a drop of honey. His father considered this a sign of his future eloquence and honeyed-tongue. For this reason, bees and beehi ...

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Ambrose, Ambrose - Life, Ambrose - Worldly career, Ambrose - Bishop of Milan, Ambrose - Ambrose and Arians, Ambrose - Ambrose and emperors, Ambrose - Character, Ambrose - Theology, Ambrose - Writings, Ambrose - Church Music, Ambrose - Ambrose and reading

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