Definition and meaning of Alzheimer's Disease :

Alzheimer's Disease:  A progressive, irreversible disease characterized by degeneration of the brain cells and severe loss of memory causing the individual to become dysfunctional and dependent upon others for basic living needs. (H)

(Source: InsWeb)

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Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia and characterised clinically by progressive intellectual deterioration together with declining activities of daily living and neuropsychiatric symptoms or behavioral changes. The most striking early symptom is memory loss (amnesia), usually manifest as minor forgetfulness that becomes steadily denser with illness progression, with relative preservation of older memories. As the disorder progresses, cognitive (intellectual) impairment ex ...

Including:

• Alzheimer's disease - History
• Alzheimer's disease - Clinical features
• Alzheimer's disease - Diagnosis
• Alzheimer's disease - Pathology
• Alzheimer's disease - Microscopy
• Alzheimer's disease - Neurochemistry
• Alzheimer's disease - Disease mechanism
• Alzheimer's disease - Genetic linkage
• Alzheimer's disease - Epidemiology
• Alzheimer's disease - Prevention
• Alzheimer's disease - Nutrition and Alzheimer's
• Alzheimer's disease - Treatment
• Alzheimer's disease - Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
• Alzheimer's disease - NMDA antagonists
• Alzheimer's disease - Vaccine
• Alzheimer's disease - Pure Medical Nicotine
• Alzheimer's disease - Genetic and population effects
• Alzheimer's disease - Social issues
• Alzheimer's disease - Famous Alzheimer's sufferers

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Alzheimer's disease - Microscopy. There are several changes found in the brain in AD (in order of appearance): The deposition of an abnormal protein (amyloid beta) outside nerve cells in the form of amyloid. These are called diffuse plaques and amyloid also forms the core of more organized plaques called senile or neuritic plaques. Recently evidence has begun to accumulate implicating simpler, soluble forms of amyloid (oligomers) in the pathological process, and the presence of plaque amyloid does no ...

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Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease - History, Alzheimer's disease - Clinical features, Alzheimer's disease - Diagnosis, Alzheimer's disease - Pathology, Alzheimer's disease - Microscopy, Alzheimer's disease - Neurochemistry, Alzheimer's disease - Disease mechanism, Alzheimer's disease - Genetic linkage, Alzheimer's disease - Epidemiology, Alzheimer's disease - Prevention, Alzheimer's disease - Nutrition and Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's disease - Treatment, Alzheimer's disease - Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Alzheimer's disease - NMDA antagonists, Alzheimer's disease - Vaccine, Alzheimer's disease - Pure Medical Nicotine, Alzheimer's disease - Genetic and population effects, Alzheimer's disease - Social issues, Alzheimer's disease - Famous Alzheimer's sufferers

Read more here: » Alzheimer's disease: Encyclopedia II - Alzheimer's disease - Pathology

Herbal therapy or botanical therapy or herbalism:

employs parts of plants (seed, stem, flowers, root, bark, leaf) for the relief of conditions, ailments, or complaints; the earliest known form of medicine. Some popular herbs and common applications are:

algae (spirulina): the most commonly used variety is blue-green algae. Algae is available in powder, tablet and supplemental fruit drink forms. Used to reduce cholesterol levels and to treat degenerative disorders, including arthritis. Unproven medical benefits include treating obesity, colitis, and diabetes mellitus.

aloe or aloe vera: plant widely used as a skin moisturizer and healing agent, especially in treating cuts, burns, insect stings, eczema, bruises, acne, poison ivy rash, sunburn, and psoriasis.

arnica: used as an external remedy for bruises, sprains, and sore muscles and joints.

astragalus: from a family of peas that benefits digestive processes and the immune system; increases resistance to disease and infections; restores depressed immunity, and is used to treat peripheral vascular diseases and to restore peripheral circulation.

black cohosh: helps relieve sinusitis and asthma; lowers cholesterol levels and blood pressure; relieves pain, morning sickness, hot flashes, and menstrual cramps.

burdock: with diuretic and orexigenic properties, used to treat cutaneous eruptions, rheumatism, gout, anorexia nervosa, and eczema.

calendula: traditionally used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and epistaxis; varicose veins, hemorrhoids, and conjunctivitis.

capsicum/capsaicin/cayenne fruit: taken orally to improve circulation, digestion, and stop bleeding from ulcers, to relieve nausea, rheumatism, arthritis, and pleurisy. Used externally for painful muscle spasms of shoulder, arm, and spine and to treat arthritis, rheumatism, neuralgia, lumbago, chilblains, intractable pain associated with shingles (herpes zoster), postmastectomy, diabetic neuropathy, and cluster headaches.

cat's claw bark: used to treat AIDS patients, arthritis, neurobronchitis, allergies, rheumatism, diverticulosis, Crohn's disease, peptic and gastric ulcers, gastritis, parasites, colitis, leaky bowel syndrome, dysentery, hemorrhoids, cancer, herpes, diabetes, and inflammation.

chamomile: often made into a tea and used as a digestive aid, nerve tonic, sleep aid, and appetite stimulant.

cranberry fruit: used for the relief of ladder and urinary tract infections, blood disorders, stomach ailments, liver problems, vomiting, appetite loss, scurvy, and cancer.

dong quai root: used for hot flashes, menopause, premenstrual syndrome, vaginal dryness, anemia with dizziness and palpitation, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, constipation, rheumatic arthralgia, menorrhalgia, rheumatalgia, functional bleeding, chest, and abdominal pain.

echinacea herb, also called purple coneflower: bitter herb used for colds and chronic infections of the respiratory tract and lower urinary tract, treatment of Candida albicans infections, prostatitis, polyarthritis (rheumatoid arthritis). Externally, an ointment is used for poorly healing wounds and chronic ulcerations, burns, eczema, psoriasis, and herpes simplex.

evening primrose oil: aids in weight loss, reduces high blood pressure, and helps to treat all skin disorders, female disorders such as cramps and heavy bleeding, hot flashes, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and alcoholism.

feverfew: used for prophylaxis and treatment of migraine headaches, nausea, vomiting, arthritis, fever, and menstrual disorders. .

flaxseed: used for female disorders, colon problems, inflammation, and tumors. Promotes strong nails, bones, and teeth and healthy skin.

garlic cloves: used in the West primarily for its cardiovascular effects, principally as a support to dietetic measures at elevated levels of lipids in blood and as a preventive measure for age-dependent vascular changes. Garlic is also used for atheroma, prophylaxis of atherosclerosis, hypertension, respiratory infections, and catarrhal conditions and as a natural antibiotic.

ginger rhizome: primary uses of ginger are prophylaxis of the nausea and vomiting of motion sickness, dyspepsia, stomachic. It is also used as a tonic digestant in sub-acid gastritis, for lack of appetite, as a postoperative antiemetic for minor surgical procedures, for colic, for morning sickness, anorexia, bronchitis, and rheumatic complaints.

ginkgo biloba leaf extract: improves memory loss, brain function, depression, cerebral and peripheral circulation, oxygenation, and blood flow. Good for tinnitus, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, heart and kidney disorders, and glucose utilization.

ginseng root: used for impotence, stress, cocaine withdrawal, energy, diabetes, colds, and chest problems. Promotes lung function, enhances immune function, stimulates appetite, and normalizes blood pressure. Varieties popularly used include American ginseng, Asian ginseng, and Siberian ginseng.

goldenseal: used to strengthen the immune system; acts as an antibiotic; has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, potentiates insulin, and cleanses the body. Good for colds, flu, inflammation, glandular swelling, gum disease, morning sickness, diabetes, hypoglycemia, and ulcers.

grape seed extract: used as a dietary supplement for antioxidant and other cardiovascular benefits and for anti-inflammatory actions.

green tea leaf: believed to act as an antioxidant to prevent cancer and possibly other diseases; reduces the risk of stroke; lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease.

kava kava rhizome: used to treat nervous anxiety, stress, and restlessness.Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, or endogenous depression.

licorice root: used for catarrhal conditions of the upper respiratory tract and gastric/duodenal ulcers. Licorce is an ingredient in cough drops and syrups, tonics, laxatives, and antismoking preparations.

ma huang: has been used to relieve allergies, asthma, hay fever, colds, and inflammatory conditions. The plant contains two primary alkaloids, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.

passionflower: said to possess sedative, hypnotic, antispasmodic, and calming effects. Used to treat neuralgia, seizures, hysteria, nervous tachycardia, spasmodic asthma, and insomnia.

saw palmetto berry: used primarily for urination problems in benign prostate hyperplasia stages 1 and 2.

St. John's wort: traditionally used as a muscle relaxant to relieve menstrual problems, as a mild tranquilizer and as a treatment for depression and insomnia.

valerian root: used primarily for restlessness, sleeping disorders based on nervous conditions; also good for headaches, colic, gas, pain, stress, anxiety, muscle cramps, and spasms.

(See also: Herbal therapy , Alternative Medicine, Body Mind and Soul)

Brain - The brain in animals. Three groups of animals, with some exceptions, have notably complex brains: the arthropods (insects and crustaceans), the cephalopods (octopuses, squid, and similar mollusks), and the craniates (vertebrates and their cousins) [1]. The brain of arthropods and cephalopods arises from twin parallel nerve cords that extend through the body of the animal. In arthropods, the brain consists of a central ...

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Brain, Brain - The importance of the brain, Brain - The brain in animals, Brain - Pathology of the brain, Brain - Other matters, Brain - The biology of the brain, Brain - Histology, Brain - Anatomy, Brain - Brain regions in vertebrates, Brain - Function, Brain - The study of the brain, Brain - Fields of study, Brain - Methods of observation, Brain - History, Brain - The brain as a food

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A physician with a magic touch—that, in essence, defines Dr P.G. Kurup. But, unlike other doctors, the word 'magic' has more than a symbolic meaning in his case. For Dr Kurup has actually healed impossible cases through aura diagnosis and surgery, baffling the medical community. A distinguished allopath who opted for alternative healing systems, Dr Kurup discusses his unique method of aura healing and his own spiritual growth in an exclusive interview with Indian yoga exponent T.K.V. Desikachar.

Read more here: » The Aura: Aura diagnosis and aura surgery

Our scientific understanding has undermined many conventional approaches to spirituality at the very time we most need to strengthen these capacities. The source of the difficulty may hold the key to the solution. Science is widely accepted because it works. It looks at the world as it is searching for the simplest possible description. Discovery of simple descriptive laws has led to enormous power to control the phenomena the laws describe feeding our technical prowess. It was only possible to do this by divorcing science from feeling and values so one could see what is and not what one wants to see.

Read more here: » Spirituality and Science: The keys to integrating spirituality and science

mechanical obstruction oesophageal web oesophageal ring oesophageal diverticulum peptic stricture (from gastroesophageal reflux disease) oesophageal malignancy local motility disorders achalasia oesophageal spasm scleroderma neurological disorders brainstem pathology (stroke, mass lesion) multiple sclerosis movement disorder ...

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Dysphagia, Dysphagia - Causes, Dysphagia - Treatment

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His most comprehensive work, Practical Ethics (1979, second edition 1993), analyses in detail why and how beings' interests should be weighed. His principle of equality encompasses all beings with interests, and it requires equal consideration of those interests, whatever the species. The principle of equal consideration of interests does not dictate equal treatment of all those with interests, since different interests warrant different treatment. All have an interest in avoiding pain, for instance, but relatively few have an interes ...

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Peter Singer, Peter Singer - Animal liberation, Peter Singer - Applied ethics, Peter Singer - Abortion euthanasia and infanticide, Peter Singer - World poverty, Peter Singer - Other views, Peter Singer - Criticism, Peter Singer - Meta-ethics and foundational issues, Peter Singer - Publications

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The Conservative responsa is the body of responsa literature of Conservative Judaism (also known as Masorti Judaism). Most Conservative responsa have been written by the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards. Conservative responsa - Methodology. A prominent Conservative spokesman has written that "Reform Judaism has asserted the right of interpretation but it rejected the authority of legal tradition. Orthodoxy has clung fast to the principle of authority, but has in our own and recent generations rejected ...

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• Conservative responsa - Methodology
• Conservative responsa - Responsa

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Benazir Bhutto - the eldest child of former Pakistani premier Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, son of Sir Shahnawaz Bhutto (an ethnic Sindhi) and Begum Nusrat Bhutto (who was of Kurdish-Iranian origin), was born in June 21, 1953 in Karachi. Bhutto attended Lady Jennings Nursery School and then the Convent of Jesus and Mary in Karachi. After two years of schooling at the Rawalpindi Presentation Convent, she was sent to the Jesus and Mary Convent at Murree. She passed her O-level examination at the age of 15. In April 1969, she received admission t ...

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Benazir Bhutto, Benazir Bhutto - Early years, Benazir Bhutto - Imprisonment elections and exile, Benazir Bhutto - Charges of corruption & Abuse of Power, Benazir Bhutto - Afghanistan policy, Benazir Bhutto - Policies for women, Benazir Bhutto - Current scenario, Benazir Bhutto - Books by Ms Bhutto

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Ancient Greeks had differing views on the function of the brain. Hippocrates believed the brain to be the seat of intelligence. Aristotle believed that the brain was a cooling mechanism for the blood while the heart was the seat of intelligence. He reasoned that humans are more rational than the beasts because they have a proportionally larger brain to cool their hot-bloodedness ^{See also:}

Brain, Brain - Mind and brain, Brain - History, Brain - Modern neuroscience, Brain - Comparative anatomy, Brain - Invertebrates, Brain - Vertebrates, Brain - Humans, Brain - Neurobiology, Brain - Histology, Brain - Function, Brain - Brain pathology, Brain - The study of the brain, Brain - Fields of study, Brain - Methods of observation, Brain - Other matters, Brain - Brain as food

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This is a sitemap for Insurance - A . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word. The sitemap(s) covers over 4.324 different insurance terms.

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Property Insurance Terms, Auto Insurance Terms, Car Insurance Terms, Health Insurance Terms, Flood Insurance Terms, Life Insurance Terms, Insurance Business Terms, Insurance Liability Terms, Insurance terms,

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The symptoms of infectious pneumonia are caused by the invasion of the lungs by microorganisms and by the immune system's response to the infection. Although over one hundred microorganisms can cause pneumonia, only a few of them are responsible for most cases. The most common causes of pneumonia are viruses and bacteria. Less common causes of infectious pneumonia include fungi and parasites. Pneumonia - Viruses. See also:

Pneumonia, Pneumonia - Symptoms, Pneumonia - Diagnosis, Pneumonia - Physical examination, Pneumonia - Chest X-rays sputum cultures and other tests, Pneumonia - Pathophysiology, Pneumonia - Viruses, Pneumonia - Bacteria, Pneumonia - Fungi, Pneumonia - Parasites, Pneumonia - Types of pneumonia, Pneumonia - Early classification schemes, Pneumonia - Combined clinical classification, Pneumonia - Other types of pneumonia, Pneumonia - Treatment, Pneumonia - Complications, Pneumonia - Respiratory and circulatory failure, Pneumonia - Pleural effusion empyema and abscess, Pneumonia - Prognosis and mortality, Pneumonia - Prevention, Pneumonia - Epidemiology, Pneumonia - History

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Acid rain was first reported in Manchester, England, which was an important city during the Industrial Revolution. In 1852, Robert Angus Smith found the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution. The term "acid rain" was used by him in 1872. He observed that acid rain could lead to natural destruction. Though acid rain was discovered in 1852, it wasn't until the 1970s that scientists began widely observing and studying the phenomenon. Public awareness of acid rain in the U.S increased in the 1990s after the New York Tim ...

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Acid rain, Acid rain - Origin, Acid rain - Formation, Acid rain - History, Acid rain - Prevention Methods, Acid rain - Effects of acid rain on soil biology

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In almost all societies, death has one or several symbols associated with it. Common symbols of death in Western cultures include the grim reaper and the color black; conversely, in certain Eastern cultures, the color white is considered symbolic of death. The grave is a metonym for death. Biologically, death can occur to wholes, to parts, or to both. For example, it is possible for individual cells and even organs to die, and yet for the organism as a whole to continue to live; many individual cells live for only a short time, and so most of an organism's cells (except for nerve and muscle) are ...

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Death, Death - Interpretations of death, Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal, Death - When is a person dead?, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - When death is imminent, Death - When death occurs, Death - Causes of death in the United States, Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002, Death - What happens to humans after death?, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Interpretations of death

Hydrogen sulfide is a covalent hydride chemically related to water (H2O) since oxygen and sulfur occur in the same periodic table group. Hydrogen sulfide is weakly acidic, dissociating in aqueous solution into hydrogen cations H+ and the hydrosulfide anion HS−: H2S → HS− + H+ Ka = 1.3×10−7 mol/L; pK ...

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Hydrogen sulfide, Hydrogen sulfide - Chemistry, Hydrogen sulfide - Occurrence, Hydrogen sulfide - Manufacture and use, Hydrogen sulfide - Dangers, Hydrogen sulfide - Health effects, Hydrogen sulfide - Function in the body, Hydrogen sulfide - Induced hibernation, Hydrogen sulfide - Participant in the sulfur cycle, Hydrogen sulfide - Reference

Read more here: » Hydrogen sulfide: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen sulfide - Chemistry

Although there is a lack of consensus relating to terms describing the hippocampus and the adjacent cortex, the term hippocampal formation generally applies to the dentate gyrus, fields CA1-CA3 (or CA4, frequently called the hilus and considered part of the dentate gyrus), and the subiculum (see also Cornu ammonis). The CA1 and CA3 fields make up the hippocampus proper. Information flow through the hippocampus proceeds from dentate gyrus to CA3 to CA1 to the subiculum, with additional input information at each stage and outputs ...

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Hippocampus, Hippocampus - Anatomy, Hippocampus - Role in general memory, Hippocampus - Role in spatial memory and navigation, Hippocampus - History

Read more here: » Hippocampus: Encyclopedia II - Hippocampus - Anatomy

The incidence of Down syndrome is estimated at 1 per 800 births, making it the most common human aneuploidy. Maternal age influences the chance of conceiving a baby with the syndrome. At age 20 to 24, it is 1/1490, while at age 40 it is 1/106, and at age 49 is 1/11. (Hook EB., 1981). Although the chance increases with maternal age, most children with Down syndrome (80%) are born to women under the age of 35. This reflects the overall fecundity of that age group. Many standard screens of pregnancies indicate Down syndrome, although they are n ...

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Down syndrome, Down syndrome - Overview, Down syndrome - History, Down syndrome - Genetics, Down syndrome - Prenatal Screening, Down syndrome - Education, Down syndrome - Health, Down syndrome - Medical research, Down syndrome - Challenges, Down syndrome - Pregnant women with a diagnosis of Down syndrome, Down syndrome - Parents of children with Down syndrome, Down syndrome - Individuals with Down syndrome, Down syndrome - Down syndrome's sociology, Down syndrome - Notable individuals, Down syndrome - Down syndrome in fiction, Down syndrome - Sources

Read more here: » Down syndrome: Encyclopedia II - Down syndrome - Overview

Death is the irreversable ending of life. Biologically, death can occur to wholes, to parts, or to both. For example, it is possible for individual cells and even organs to die, and yet for the organism as a whole to continue to live; many individual cells live for only a short time, and so most of an organism's cells are continually dying and being replaced by new ones. When organisms die most of their cells live for some time afterward. ...

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Death, Death - Biological death, Death - Criteria of human death, Death - Defining the moment of human death, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - Causes of human death in the US, Death - Consciousness after death, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Biological death